Multimodal surface defect detection of fused silica components based on confocal time-resolved photoluminescence microscopy.

Surface defects on fused silica components are susceptible to damage under high-fluence ultraviolet pulse laser irradiation, which is one of the key factors limiting the improvement of the laser damage resistance. However, there is still an absence of intuitive non-destructive evaluation methods for the laser damage resistance of surface defects. In this paper, we have developed a multimodal surface defect detection system.

Numerical and experimental study of RF-induced heating of passive implantable medical devices at 5T MRI.

Purpose: To assess the RF-induced heating of orthopedic implants in a 5T whole-body MRI system through electromagnetic simulations and experimental validation, with the goal of ensuring patient safety in ultra-high field (UHF) MRI.

Methods: Numerical and experimental studies were conducted to evaluate RF-induced heating in five titanium screws (4-12 cm) inside a 60-cm wide 5T whole-body MRI scanner using the standard ASTM phantom. The temperature rise over 15 min was determined through full-wave electromagnetic simulations and direct measurements.

LAMP3 signature affects cervical cancer progression through autophagy.

Background: Lysosomes are monolayer membrane-encapsulated organelles containing acid hydrolases, crucial for intracellular substance breakdown and cellular homeostasis. They are also involved in autophagy. Although autophagy is linked to cancer, the role of lysosome-related genes in cervical cancer prognosis remains unclear.

Tumor Invasion Distance Based on MRI Is a Novel Prognostic Indicator for I-IIIB Cervical Cancer Patients Treated with Radiotherapy.

This study aimed to identify the prognostic value of tumor invasion distance (TID) based on MRI findings in cervical-cancer (CC) patients treated with radiotherapy (RT). : A total of 218 CC patients diagnosed at Fujian Cancer Hospital from December 2018 to December 2019 were included in the study. Cox regression analyses were conducted to identify independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS), including low 1/3 vaginal involvement, a longer TID, and RT without chemotherapy.

Singlet oxygen treatment of algae-laden water: An elegant way of decontamination without cellular damage.

Algae-laden water with high levels of dissolved organics and cyanotoxins adversely affects water treatment plants and drinking water safety. As an emergency treatment, oxidation-assisted coagulation improves the removal efficiency of algae cells by lowering their motility, but the applied oxidants cause cellular damages that lead to serious release of intracellular organic pollutants. Here, we unveiled that singlet oxygen (O) provides state-of-the-art pretreatment that destabilizes the algal cells to make them more and readily removed, but does not disrupt the cells and cause the release of intracellular materials.

Impact of lateral movement of patients on radiofrequency-induced heating of active and passive implantable medical devices at 3T MRI.

Purpose: To investigate the implications of lateral patient position on radiofrequency (RF)-induced heating of active and passive implantable medical devices (AIMDs and PIMDs) in a wide-bore 3T MRI system.

Methods: In vitro simulations for two rod positions and three lateral phantom shifts were experimentally validated inside a wide-bore 3T MRI scanner. Three commercially available AIMDs (40-cm peripheral nerve stimulator [PNS], 45-cm restorative neurostimulator, and 50-cm cardiac rhythm management system) were analyzed.

Mitochondria-related genes as prognostic signature of endometrial cancer and the effect of MACC1 on tumor cells.

Mitochondria are essential organelles involved in cell metabolism and are closely linked to various metabolic disorders. In this study, we aimed to develop a prognostic model for endometrial cancer (EC) patients based on mitochondria-related genes (MRGs), and to investigate the role of MACC1 in EC. As shown in the graphic summary, we retrieved gene expression and clinical data from open-access databases.

Confinement-Modulated Singlet-Oxygen Nanoreactors for Water Decontamination.

Water decontamination with singlet oxygen (O) has shown advantages over the traditional radical-based treatment processes, which are frequently inhibited by the background inorganic/organic substances and produce toxic byproducts. However, earlier reported treatment systems mostly suffer from side reactions against efficient and cost-effective production of O, together with insufficient utilization of O limited by the extremely short diffusion length. To overcome the drawbacks, we here designed high-performance nanoreactors by modulating the MnO phase to nanotube structures (with ∼5 nm diameter, termed "NT").

Comorbidity Pattern in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis: Network Analysis of a Hospitalized Database in China.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by a high prevalence of comorbid conditions, profoundly affecting patient quality of life and complicating treatment strategies. This study aims to analyze demographic characteristics, prevalence, age distribution, and gender differences of psoriatic comorbidities in hospitalized patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis at a single center. Additionally, we explore the correlation between comorbidities and psoriasis through network analysis.

Cuff Electrode Impacts on Vagus Nerve Stimulation Threshold Under MR Gradient Coil Emission.

In this research, we investigate the impact of implantable cuff electrodes on the vagus nerve stimulation threshold due to the gradient fields during MR scans. We employ electromagnetic simulations in conjunction with the NEURON model for our study. Preliminary findings suggest that the cuff electrodes can substantially reduce the stimulation threshold for the specific configuration examined in this research.

RF-induced Heating for Partially-In and Partially-Out Bipolar Parallel Medical Electrodes.

RF-induced heating is evaluated for unipolar and bipolar Partially-In and Partially-Out (PIPO) medical electrodes at 1.5T MRI. Numerical simulations were performed by modeling simplified unipolar and bipolar electrodes to understand the RF heating mechanism.

Computational study of the effects of orthopedic plates on gradient-induced peripheral nerve stimulation under MRI using electromagnetic and neurophysiological modeling.

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of orthopedic plates on peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) during MRI, focusing on how the presence of implants affects PNS thresholds.

Methods: A combination of anatomical electromagnetic and neurophysiological modeling was utilized. Electromagnetic fields in human body models were simulated, both with and without orthopedic plates.

Identification of increased dedifferentiation along the Prom1+ cancer cells in Müllerian adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth.

Background: Müllerian adenosarcoma (MA) is a rare tumour accounts for 5-7% of uterine sarcomas. Tumours with sarcomatous overgrowth (MASO) or high-grade tend to be aggressive. However, the tumour aetiology is elusive.

Case report: Successful treatment with spesolimab of acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau in an older patient without mutations.

Background: Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH) is a rare, sterile pustular psoriasis variant refractory to many conventional treatments. The eruption typically occurs after local trauma or infection; other etiologies include neural, inflammatory, and genetic causes. Herein we reported a single case of a 64-year-old patient with ACH that was successfully treated with spesolimab for 19 weeks.

RF-induced heating reduction by minimizing the external portion of the partially in and partially out medical devices under MRI at 1.5 T.

Purpose: To address the issue of RF-induced heating for partially in and partially out (PIPO) medical devices during 1.5 T MRI scans by proposing a method of minimizing the external portion.

Methods: A method of tightly winding the external segment of the PIPO device is proposed to minimize the overall device effective reception length during MRI scans to mitigate the RF-induced heating.

A mini review of polysaccharides from Zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim: Their extraction, purification, structural characteristics, bioactivity and potential applications.

Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim (Z. bungeanum), commonly known as Sichuan pepper or Chinese prickly ash, is a deciduous shrub in the Rutaceae family, with a lengthy history of use as a food ingredient and traditional medicine in China. Z.

Review of polysaccharides from Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis. (Fingered citron): Their extraction, purification, structural characteristics, bioactivity and potential applications.

Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis.

PAIP1 binds to pre-mRNA and regulates alternative splicing of cancer pathway genes including VEGFA.

Background: Poly (A) binding protein interacting protein 1 (PAIP1) has been shown to causally contribute to the development and progression of cancer. However, the mechanisms of the PAIP1 regulation in tumor cells remain poorly understood.

Results: Here, we used a recently developed UV cross-linking and RNA immunoprecipitation method (iRIP-seq) to map the direct and indirect interaction sites between PAIP1 and RNA on a transcriptome-wide level in HeLa cells.

Fu brick tea polysaccharides: A state-of-the-art mini-review on extraction, purification, characteristics, bioactivities and applications.

Fu brick tea (FBT), a post-fermented dark tea, is highly esteemed for its abundant nutritional and medicinal values. Fu brick polysaccharides (FBTPs) are acidic heteropolysaccharides primarily composed of galactose and galacturonic acid, which are crucial components of FBT. FBTPs exhibit multiple bioactivities, including immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, regulatory effects on intestinal microbiota, anti-obesity, among others.

Highly Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 2,4,5-Trisubstituted 3(2)-Furanones Utilizing a Au(I)-Catalyzed Oxidation/Pinacol Rearrangement/-Michael Cascade.

A highly efficient Au(I)-catalyzed cascade reaction between bispropargylic alcohols and pyridine--oxides has been realized. The reaction process involved a gold(I)-catalyzed sequential oxidation/Pinacol rearrangement/oxacyclization. Moreover, 1,2-aryl, 1,2-alkyl, or 1,2-vinyl migration was favored over 1,2-alkynyl in the crucial gold(I)-catalyzed Pinacol rearrangement step.

Diversified Reactivity of Triphenylphosphine: Reinvestigation of the Phosphine-Mediated Reductive Condensation Approach for the Synthesis of Substituted Furans.

A reinvestigation of "Phosphine-Mediated Reductive Condensation of γ-Acyloxy Butynoates: A Diversity Oriented Strategy for the Construction of Substituted Furans" ( , , 4118-4119) revealed different chemoselectivity of triphenylphosphine in the reactions with the γ-acyloxy butynoate substrates of varying substitution patterns/electronics. Furthermore, the electronics of the triaryl phosphine reagent could be tuned to trap a putative intermediate such as A, leading to the semihydrogenation of propiolamide substrates.

Machine learning-based screening and validation of liver metastasis-specific genes in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is challenging in the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer. Limited research has been conducted on how CRLM develops. RNA sequencing data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).