Network Pharmacology, Experimental Validation Explored Kakkalide to Ameliorate Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Inflammatory Response.

Background: Sepsis continues to represent a significant challenge due to its detrimental effects and high mortality rate. The protection of endothelial function and the attenuation of the excessive inflammatory response are pivotal in the reduction of mortality risk. is the flower of var.

Reducing tilt errors in chromatic confocal measurement: a peak extraction algorithm based on the pseudo-Voigt function.

In chromatic confocal measurement (CCM), peak extraction is a critical step in converting spectral signals into physical position information, which directly affects the measurement accuracy and reliability. However, when measuring inclined surfaces with CCM techniques, the spectral confocal signal (SCS) becomes distorted and loses its symmetry. Existing peak extraction methods, when applied to asymmetric SCS, introduce high-frequency random errors, significantly reducing measurement accuracy.

Association and interaction of blood homocysteine and p-tau217 levels with temporal cortical thinning and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: The relationships between blood homocysteine (Hcy), amyloid beta (Aβ), tau pathology, and their combined effects on cortical thinning and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain poorly understood.

Methods: Participants were stratified into Aβ+ and Aβ- groups by positron emission tomography. Blood levels of Hcy, AD biomarkers (phosphorylated tau-217 [p-tau217], p-tau181, and Aβ), cortical thickness (via magnetic resonance imaging), and cognitive performance were assessed.

Search for Solar Boosted Dark Matter Particles at the PandaX-4T Experiment.

We present a novel constraint on light dark matter utilizing 1.54 metric ton/year of data acquired from the PandaX-4T dual-phase xenon time projection chamber. This constraint is derived through detecting electronic recoil signals resulting from the interaction with solar-enhanced dark matter flux.

Searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay of Xe with PandaX-4T.

We report the search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of Xe from the PandaX-4T experiment with a 3.7-tonne natural xenon target. The data reconstruction and the background modeling are optimized in the MeV energy region.

Anti-Interference Spectral Confocal Sensors Based on Line Spot.

Spectral confocal displacement sensors are non-contact optoelectronic sensors widely utilized for their high accuracy, speed, and ability to measure diverse surfaces. However, challenges including vibration, angular deflection, and surface quality variations can reduce sensor stability and accuracy when performing measurements such as lithium battery wafer thickness, wafer warpage, and optical component surface topography. This study proposes a line-spot-based measurement method using a binary diffractive lens and cylindrical lens with a 20× objective, and then the overall structure is simulated and optimized by using ZEMAX, which realizes a confocal measurement system with a measurement range of 800 μm, line spot length of 3.

Search for MeV-Scale Axionlike Particles and Dark Photons with PandaX-4T.

Axionlike particles (ALPs) and dark photons (DPs) are viable dark matter particle candidates. We have searched for possible ALP/DP signals in the PandaX-4T liquid xenon detector using 440  kg·yr of data. A binned likelihood fit is constructed to search for possible mono-energetic peaks induced by the absorption processes between ALPs/DPs and atomic electrons of xenon.

Association between drinking water disinfection byproducts exposure and human bladder cancer: A time-updated meta-analysis of trihalomethanes.

Drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs) have received widespread attention due to their high concentrations and toxicity. However, the correlation between exposure to disinfection byproducts and bladder cancer in published papers is inconsistent. In this study, a time-updated meta-analysis was conducted, which aimed to elucidate the relationship between the historical exposure time and exposure levels of trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water and the associated risk of bladder cancer.

Exploring New Physics with PandaX-4T Low Energy Electronic Recoil Data.

New particles beyond the standard model of particle physics, such as axions, can be effectively searched through their interactions with electrons. We use the large liquid xenon detector PandaX-4T to search for novel electronic recoil signals induced by solar axions, neutrinos with anomalous magnetic moment, axionlike particles, dark photons, and light fermionic dark matter. A detailed background model is established using the latest datasets with 1.

Sex differences in the relationship between olfactory and cognitive impairment among subjects with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment.

Background: Odor identification (OI) deficits are observed in both individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and serve as risk factors for dementia. Compared with males, females typically demonstrate superior OI performance and different risks of dementia. However, the role of sex in the relationship between OI dysfunction and cognitive impairment remains uncertain.

RECK as a Potential Crucial Molecule for the Targeted Treatment of Sepsis.

Reversion inducing cysteine rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK), a Kazal motif-containing protein, regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines production, migration of inflammatory cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Wnt pathways and plays critical roles in septic inflammatory storms and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Recently, RECK has been defined as the negative regulator of adisintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are both membrane "molecular scissors" and aggravate the poor prognosis of sepsis. To better understand the roles of RECK and the related mechanisms, we make here a systematic and in-depth review of RECK.

Dark Matter Search Results from 1.54 Tonne·Year Exposure of PandaX-4T.

In this Letter, we report the dark matter search results from the commissioning run (Run0) and the first science run (Run1) of the PandaX-4T experiment. The two datasets were processed with a unified procedure, with the Run1 data treated blindly. The data processing is improved compared to previous work, unifying the low-level signal reconstruction in a wide energy range up to 120 keV.

Plasma p-tau217 and p-tau217/Aβ1-42 are effective biomarkers for identifying CSF- and PET imaging-diagnosed Alzheimer's disease: Insights for research and clinical practice.

Introduction: With the advancement of disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD), validating plasma biomarkers against cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PET) standards is crucial in both research and real-world settings.

Methods: We measured plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau)217, p-tau181, amyloid beta (Aβ)1-40, Aβ1-42, and neurofilament light chain in research and real-world cohorts. Participants were categorized by brain amyloid status using US Food and Drug Administration/European Medicines Agency-approved CSF or PET methods.

Blood Trihalomethanes and Human Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The control of waterborne diseases through water disinfection is a significant advancement in public health. However, the disinfection process generates disinfection by-products (DBPs), including trihalomethanes (THMs), which are considered to influence the occurrence of cancer. This analysis aims to quantitatively evaluate the relationship between blood concentrations of THMs and cancer.

The role of TMEM163 protein in thyroid microcarcinoma: expression pattern and clinical implications.

Background: TMEM163 protein is a new zinc ion transporter whose regulatory role in tumors has yet to be discovered. This study aimed to analyze the expression pattern of TMEM163 in thyroid microcarcinoma and explore its potential molecular function and clinical value.

Methods: Differential analysis was performed to detect the expression pattern of TMEM163 in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

High-Voltage Power Supply for Four-Quadrant Dielectric Elastomer Actuators.

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are emerging as promising candidates for various applications in robotics and optical devices due to their lightweight, miniaturization potential, high energy density, simple structure, and low power consumption. However, their effective actuation always demands sophisticated high-voltage driving circuits that are compact and responsive. DEAs need to be capable of generating intricate high-voltage waveforms or simultaneously controlling multiple quadrants with distinct high-voltage levels.

Chemosensory anhedonia facilitates depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment in late-life depression.

Aim: Chemosensory anhedonia refers to the lack of hedonic ability to experience pleasure through the senses of smell and taste, which reduces the pleasure and comfort of food, and increases the risk of nutritional and immune deficiencies. However, there is no direct scientific evidence regarding chemosensory anhedonia in patients with late-life depression (LLD). The aim of this study was to investigate chemosensory anhedonia in patients with LLD, and its potential association with depressive symptoms and cognitive function.

Revealing the impact of sample enrichment method on concentration and cytotoxicity of volatile disinfection byproducts in drinking water: A quantitative study for liquid-liquid extraction.

Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) combined with the N blow-down method is a promising tool for bioanalysis of drinking water. However, detailed information on which disinfection byproduct (DBP) classes are retained in LLE extracts is currently unavailable. In this study, the recovery of seven classes of volatile DBPs and total adsorbable organic halogens (TOX) during the LLE method, combined with three common N blow-down methods, for bioanalysis in real tap water was analyzed at a 2-L scale, along with their corresponding cytotoxicity.

Olfactory Dysfunction as a Marker for Cognitive Impairment in General Paresis of the Insane: A Clinical Study.

BACKGROUND General paresis of the insane (GPI) is characterized by cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and brain structural abnormalities, mimicking many neuropsychiatric diseases. Olfactory dysfunction has been linked to cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms in numerous neuropsychiatric diseases. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether patients with GPI experience olfactory dysfunction and whether olfactory dysfunction is associated with their clinical manifestations.

Flavonoids: Potential therapeutic agents for cardiovascular disease.

Flavonoids are found in the roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of many plant taxa. They are related to plant growth and development, pigment formation, and protection against environmental stress. Flavonoids function as antioxidants and exert anti-inflammatory effects in the cardiovascular system by modulating classical inflammatory response pathways, such as the TLR4-NF-ĸB, PI3K-AKT, and Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathways.