High performance mode (de)multiplexer assisted with a microring resonator on the lithium niobate-on-insulator platform.

The high extinction ratio mode (de)multiplexer is a pivotal component in high capacity mode-division multiplexing data communication and nascent on-chip intermodal acousto-optic modulators. Up to now, high performance on-chip mode (de)multiplexers are still lacking for integrated AOMs on the lithium niobate-on-insulator platform. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an innovative scheme to achieve high extinction ratio signal routing for acousto-optic modulation, by leveraging a two-mode (de)multiplexer in conjunction with a high- racetrack microring resonator.

Synthesis of Cyclopropyl Carbocyclic Nucleosides via P(NMe)-Mediated Reductive Cyclopropanation.

We have successfully developed P(NMe)-mediated reductive cyclopropanation, which provides a new, facile, and efficient protocol for the synthesis of cyclopropyl carbocyclic nucleosides, wherein the cyclopropyl group is linked to the nucleobase via a methylene group. This method utilizes safe, commercially available α-keto esters for metal-free cyclopropanation under mild conditions with high yield and diastereoselectivity, demonstrating broad applicability and practical utility in carbocyclic nucleoside synthesis.

The interplay between phosphorus nutrition and abiotic stresses in plants.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient required for plant growth, development, and resilience to environmental stresses. Its availability in soil and homeostasis within plants are strongly influenced by environmental conditions, with unfavorable environments and soil factors disrupting phosphate availability, absorption, transport, and utilization. Optimizing phosphate supply can alleviate the detrimental impacts of abiotic stresses, thereby supporting growth and improving stress tolerance.

LncRNA SLC7A11AR promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression by inhibiting ferroptosis via promoting SLC7A11 expression.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a prevalent classification of human lung cancer with a variety of clinical pathological features. Several key factors and associated signaling pathways have played pivotal roles in the progression of NSCLC and serve as potential therapeutic targets. However, the therapeutic efficacy is still limited, and novel biomarkers and key regulators are inevitable.

L-shaped nonlinear relationship between magnesium intake from diet and supplements and the risk of diabetic nephropathy: a cross-sectional study.

Background And Objectives: Given the ongoing controversy regarding the relationship between magnesium and diabetic nephropathy (DN), this study systematically evaluate the association between total magnesium intake from both dietary and supplemental sources and the risk of DN, and further explore its potential nonlinear dose-response pattern and threshold effect.

Methods: Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018. A multi-step analytical strategy was adopted: (1) confounders were selected using variance inflation factor and Boruta feature selection algorithm; (2) weighted multivariable logistic regression assessed the association between magnesium intake and DN; (3) restricted cubic splines (RCS), generalized additive models (GAM), and curve fitting were used to evaluate nonlinear dose-response trends; (4) piecewise regression identified potential thresholds; (5) subgroup analyses examined interactions across age, gender, BMI, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.

[Effect of acupuncture on intracerebral mitochondrial function in mice with cerebral hemorrhage].

Objectives: To observe the effect of acupuncture on the recovery of neurological function in mice with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), so as to explore its mechanism of regulating mitochondria in brain tissue of ICH mice through the utilization of RNA sequencing and m6A methylation sequencing technology.

Methods: Twenty-four male C57BL/6J mice were ramondly divided into sham operation, model, and acupuncture groups (=8 in each group). The ICH model was established by injection of the rat's auto-blood (10 μL) into the right caudatum region.

Evaluation of Physiological Integrity in Six-Gene-Edited Bama Miniature Pigs as a Model for Xenotransplantation.

Genetically engineered pigs exhibit significant potential as a solution to organ scarcity in xenotransplantation. Nonetheless, a formidable challenge lies in overcoming the rejection of porcine organs by the human immune system. In this study, we generated a six-gene-edited pig model by simultaneously knocking out three major xenoantigens, GGTA1, CMAH, and β4GalNT2, along with the incorporation of coagulation regulatory factor THBD, and two complement regulatory proteins, hCD55 and hCD46, in Bama miniature pigs.

Mechanisms for sulfadiazine effective mitigation in biochar-amended soil: From antibiotic resistance to soil microbial community composition and function.

Sulfonamide residues in soil have the potential to affect soil microbial community and promote the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Biochar is a strong candidate for soil enhancement, however, its feasibility and mechanisms in controlling the burden of antibiotic resistance and restoring soil quality under antibiotic contamination require systematic evaluation. Thus, a pot experiment using Anthrosol soil amended with 3 % woody biochar was conducted to evaluate the efficacy in mitigating the inhibition of plant growth, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) proliferation, and microbial community disruption at an environmentally relevant (feedlot-adjacent soil equivalence) and a tenfold elevated concentration.

[Mechanisms of acupuncture in inhibition of ferroptosis in intracerebral hemorrhage mice based on RNA m6A methylation sequencing].

Objectives: To observe the effect of acupuncture on N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation and ferroptosis in brain tissue of mice with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying promoting neural function recovery.

Methods: Fifty-four male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into sham operation, model and acupuncture groups, with 18 mice in each group. The ICH model was established by injection of the mouse's auto-blood (10 μL) into the right caudate nucleus.

YTHDF1/RNF7/p27 axis promotes prostate cancer progression.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent malignant tumor of the urinary system and remains the most common cancer among males. In this study, we showed that YTHDF1, one of the reader proteins involved in the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification signaling pathway, is highly expressed in PCa cancerous tissues and cells, which correlates with poor clinical outcomes. Our study revealed that YTHDF1 knockdown inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration, and xenograft tumor formation by decreasing p27 protein stability through proteasome degradation signaling.

Myeloid-derived MANF ameliorates ethanol-induced liver injury by enhancing microRNA-223 expression.

Background: Myeloid cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), yet the mechanisms regulating their function and specific contributions to ALD remain inadequately understood. This study aims to investigate the role of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) in the development of ALD.

Methods: Myeloid-specific Manf knockout mice and wild-type controls were fed an ethanol-based diet for 10 days, followed by a single ethanol binge.

Transcription factors PHR1 and PHR1-like 1 regulate ABA-mediated inhibition of seed germination and stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.

Low phosphate (LP) availability significantly impacts crop yield and quality. PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE1 (PHR1) along with PHR1-like 1 (PHL1) act as a key transcriptional regulator in a plant's adaptive response to LP conditions. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in how plants respond to environmental stresses like salinity and drought.

Peptidomics & Molecular Simulation-Based Specific Screening of Antifreeze Peptides from Scale and the Action Mechanism.

This study aims to explore the cryoprotective mechanisms of food-derived hydrolyzed peptides and develop novel cryoprotectants to enhance the quality of frozen foods. scale antifreeze peptides (Ej-AFP) were prepared using enzymatic hydrolysis, which had a 4-fold increase in protection efficiency for surimi compared to traditional cryoprotectants. Furthermore, Ej-AFP was able to control 63.

Enhanced piezoelectric photocatalytic activity of MXene/ZnS/FeO via Three-in-One strategy based on dual Schottky heterojunction, interface electric field, and oxygen vacancy for pollutant degradation and removal.

Synergism of piezoelectricity and photocatalysis is an effective approach for pollutant degradation and removal, and has garnered considerable attention. Nonetheless, great challenges still remain in recombination and slow migration rate of charge carriers. For response, a novel Three-in-One strategy based on MXene/ZnS/FeO (MZF) was developed to enhance the piezoelectric photocatalytic activity via achieving a triple effect: Dual Schottky heterojunction, Interface electric field, and Oxygen vacancy.

Antibiotic sorption onto MPs in terrestrial environment: a critical review of the transport, bioaccumulation, ecotoxicological effects and prospects.

Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics are prevalent contaminants in terrestrial environment. MPs possess the ability to absorb antibiotics, resulting in the formation of complex pollutants. While the accumulation and fate of MPs and antibiotics in marine ecosystems have been extensively studied, their combined pollution behavior in terrestrial environments remains relatively underexplored.

S100A4 exerts neuroprotective effects by attenuating blood-brain barrier disruption and oxidative stress via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 axis in ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide, with oxidative stress and blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury playing crucial roles in its pathogenesis. Our RNA sequencing results revealed that S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4) is highly expressed in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model. We analyzed S100A4 expression in ischemic stroke patients and in mice subjected to the MCAO model.

Tooth Root Development and Homeostasis during Eruptive and Post-eruptive Movement.

Tooth eruption is the process whereby the developing tooth moves to its functional position in the occlusal plane and it occurs concomitantly with formation of the tooth root, which is a critical component of the tooth anchored to surrounding alveolar bone through the periodontal ligament. Post-eruptive tooth movement ensues that once occlusion is achieved, the teeth maintain their alignment within the alveolar bone to facilitate proper bite function through periodontium remodelling. Tooth overeruption presents a clinically significant issue, yet the precise mechanisms by which alterations in occlusal forces are translated into periodontal remodelling remain largely unexplored.

THz graphene-integrated metasurface for electrically reconfigurable polarization conversion.

Terahertz (THz) waves have been widely hailed as a key enabling technology for future sixth generation (6G) wireless networks. Dynamic modulation of their polarization states is of great attraction for high-capacity communications and anisotropic sensing. The development of such technology is, however, still in very early stage owing to the difficulties of realizing electrical reconfigurability for THz devices.

Effects of different culture salinities on the growth and muscle quality of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus).

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is an economically important farmed fish. This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different culture salinities on the growth and muscle quality of grass carp. We found that salinity of 0 to 5 had no significant effect on the growth of grass carp, but it significantly decreased at salinities above 5.

Phosphorylation of the transcription factor SlBIML1 by SlBIN2 kinases delays flowering in tomato.

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are well known for their important role in the regulation of plant growth and development. Plants with deficiency in BR signaling show delayed plant development and exhibit late flowering phenotypes. However, the precise mechanisms involved in this process require investigation.

Bioactive peptides of marine organisms: Roles in the reduction and control of cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) affect the quality of life or are fatal in the worst cases, resulting in a significant economic and social burden. Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent functional products or drugs for improving patient health and alleviating and controlling these diseases. Marine bioactive peptides reduce and control CVDs.

Rational Fabrication of Nickel Vanadium Sulfide Encapsulated on Graphene as an Advanced Electrode for High-Performance Supercapacitors.

Supercapacitors (SCs) are widely recognized as competitive power sources for energy storage. The hierarchical structure of nickel vanadium sulfide nanoparticles encapsulated on graphene nanosheets (NVS/G) was fabricated using a cost-effective and scalable solvothermal process. The reaction contents of the composites were explored and optimized.