The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on depression in parents of children with special needs: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in alleviating depressive symptoms among parents of children with special needs. Additionally, it examined the moderating effects of geographic and cultural contexts, intervention parameters, and types of children's diseases.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.

The effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on parental stress in parents of special children: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: Through a meta-analysis, this study evaluated the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in reducing stress among parents of children with special needs. This study aimed to quantify the intervention effect and identify moderating variables, such as cultural differences and intervention parameters, to provide evidence for clinical practice.

Methods: Systematic searches were conducted across the ​​PsycINFO​​, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases.

The "double-edged sword" effect of shared leadership on employee voice behavior.

Introduction: This study investigates the dual-path effects of shared leadership on employee voice behavior through the Empowerment-Servitude Model, with a focus on uncovering the underlying psychological mechanisms. Additionally, it identifies key organizational and individual factors influencing employee voice behavior, offering theoretical insights for strategies aimed at behavioral enhancement.

Methods: This study adopted a multi-method approach, integrating online questionnaires and on-site enterprise visits across two time phases.

Voltage-controlled magnetoelectric devices for neuromorphic diffusion process.

Neuromorphic diffusion models have become one of the major breakthroughs in the field of generative artificial intelligence. Unlike discriminative models that have been well developed to tackle classification or regression tasks, diffusion models aim at creating content based upon contexts learned. However, the more complex algorithms of these models result in high computational costs using today's technologies.

On the Value of Myopic Behavior in Policy Reuse.

Leveraging learned strategies in unfamiliar scenarios is fundamental to human intelligence. In reinforcement learning, rationally reusing the policies acquired from other tasks or human experts is critical for tackling problems that are difficult to learn from scratch. In this work, we present a framework called Selective Myopic bEhavior Control (SMEC), which results from the insight that the short-term behaviors of prior policies are sharable across tasks.

Current-Driven Magnetization Switching for Superconducting Diode Memory.

Stacking superconductors (SC) with ferromagnetic materials (FM) significantly impact superconductivity, enabling the emergence of spin-triplet states and topological superconductivity. The tuning of superconductivity in SC-FM heterostructure is also reflected in the recently discovered superconducting diode effect, characterized by nonreciprocal electric transport when time and inversion symmetries are broken. Notably, in SC-FM systems, a time reversal operation reverses both current and magnetization, leading to the conceptualization of superconducting magnetization diode effect (SMDE).

Cryogenic in-memory computing using magnetic topological insulators.

Machine learning algorithms have proven to be effective for essential quantum computation tasks such as quantum error correction and quantum control. Efficient hardware implementation of these algorithms at cryogenic temperatures is essential. Here we utilize magnetic topological insulators as memristors (termed magnetic topological memristors) and introduce a cryogenic in-memory computing scheme based on the coexistence of a chiral edge state and a topological surface state.

Determination of Site Occupancy in the M-Pd-Zn (M = Cu, Ag, and Au) γ-Brass Phase by CALculation of PHAse Diagrams Modeling and Rietveld Refinement.

The Pd-Zn γ-brass phase provides exciting opportunities for synthesizing site-isolated catalysts with precisely controlled Pd active site ensembles. Introducing a third metallic element into the γ-brass lattice further perturbs the catalytic active site ensembles. Here, we introduce coinage metallic elements M (M = Cu, Ag, and Au) into the Pd-Zn γ-brass phase and investigate the site occupation factors of each element in the γ-brass lattice.

Exogenous silicon facilitates safe crop production in cadmium-contaminated soils: A comprehensive meta-analysis.

Soil contamination by cadmium (Cd) is an increasing environmental concern that potentially jeopardizes both crop productivity and human health. Silicon (Si), the Earth's second most abundant element, has shown a significant potential in reducing Cd uptake by crops. However, there is still a lack of quantitative data on the beneficial effects of Si in reducing Cd toxicity, thereby making it more difficult to ensure safe crop production.

Giant Hall Switching by Surface-State-Mediated Spin-Orbit Torque in a Hard Ferromagnetic Topological Insulator.

Topological insulators (TI) and magnetic topological insulators (MTI) can apply highly efficient spin-orbit torque (SOT) and manipulate the magnetization with their unique topological surface states (TSS) with ultrahigh efficiency. Here, efficient SOT switching of a hard MTI, V-doped (Bi,Sb)Te (VBST), with a large coercive field that can prevent the influence of an external magnetic field, is demonstrated. A giant switched anomalous Hall resistance of 9.

Exogenous selenium promotes cadmium reduction and selenium enrichment in rice: Evidence, mechanisms, and perspectives.

Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice, a global environmental issue, poses a significant threat to human health due to its widespread presence and potential transfer through the food chain. Selenium (Se), an essential micronutrient for humans and plants, can reduce Cd uptake in rice and alleviate Cd-induced toxicity. However, the effects and mechanisms of Se supplementation on rice performance in Cd-contaminated soil remain largely unknown.

Mechanism of Prunella vulgaris L. and luteolin in restoring Tfh/Tfr balance and alleviating oxidative stress in Graves' disease.

Background: The pathophysiology of Graves' disease (GD) involves imbalances between follicular helper T (Tfh) and follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells, as well as oxidative stress (OS). Prunella vulgaris L. (Xia Ku Cao, XKC) and its primary bioactive compound, luteolin, are recognized for their potential in treating GD.

Silicon reduces toxicity and accumulation of arsenic and cadmium in cereal crops: A meta-analysis, mechanism, and perspective study.

Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are two toxic metal(loid)s that pose significant risks to food security and human health. Silicon (Si) has attracted substantial attention because of its positive effects on alleviating the toxicity and accumulation of As and Cd in crops. However, our current knowledge of the comprehensive effects and detailed mechanisms of Si amendment is limited.

Deciphering microbiomes dozens of meters under our feet and their edaphoclimatic and spatial drivers.

Microbes inhabiting deep soil layers are known to be different from their counterpart in topsoil yet remain under investigation in terms of their structure, function, and how their diversity is shaped. The microbiome of deep soils (>1 m) is expected to be relatively stable and highly independent from climatic conditions. Much less is known, however, on how these microbial communities vary along climate gradients.

Numerical Simulation and Comparison of the Mechanical Behavior of Toughened Epoxy Resin by Different Nanoparticles.

Adding nanoparticles as the second phase to epoxy can achieve a good toughening effect. The aim of this paper is to simulate the toughening behavior of epoxy resin by different nanoparticles using a convenient and effective finite element method. The mechanical behaviors of epoxy resins toughened by nano core-shell polymers, liquid rubber, and nanosilica were compared by numerical simulations using the representative volume element (RVE).

Responses of biodiversity to microhabitat heterogeneity in debris flow gullies: Assessing the impact of hydrological disturbance.

Rivers play a vital role in the maintenance of the biosphere and human society, since they participate in the global water cycle and provide varied habitats to support biodiversity. Microhabitat heterogeneity is regarded as a key factor driving biodiversity and it plays an active ecological role in different types of mountain rivers. Whether river microhabitat heterogeneity exhibits the same ecological patterns across hydrological periods remains unclear.

Lead-imprinted polyvinylidene fluoride membrane for selective removal of lead from contaminated water: material fabrication, filtration application, and mechanism study.

The drinking water has become contaminated with lead in many countries across the world. In this study, a novel lead-imprinted polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane was successfully fabricated for selective decontamination of lead from water. First of all, the membrane fabrication process was explored and optimized.

An Aerial-Wall Robotic Insect That Can Land, Climb, and Take Off from Vertical Surfaces.

Insects that can perform flapping-wing flight, climb on a wall, and switch smoothly between the 2 locomotion regimes provide us with excellent biomimetic models. However, very few biomimetic robots can perform complex locomotion tasks that combine the 2 abilities of climbing and flying. Here, we describe an aerial-wall amphibious robot that is self-contained for flying and climbing, and that can seamlessly move between the air and wall.

Novel YO based calcium-alginate beads for highly selective adsorption of phosphate from aqueous solution.

Recently, selective phosphorus removal from aqueous solution has been a highly desirable strategy to combat eutrophication due to the increasingly stringent phosphorous emission standards. However, conventional adsorbents pose the limitations in phosphate removal suffering from lack of selectivity and stability under complicated condition and poor separation. In this study, novel YO based calcium-alginate (YO/SA) beads of feasible stability and highly selectivity towards phosphate by encapsulating YO nanoparticles inside calcium-alginate beads via Ca controlled gelation process was synthesized and characterized.

Electric field manipulation of spin chirality and skyrmion dynamic.

The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is an antisymmetric exchange interaction that stabilizes spin chirality. One scientific and technological challenge is understanding and controlling the interaction between spin chirality and electric field. In this study, we investigate an unconventional electric field effect on interfacial DMI, skyrmion helicity, and skyrmion dynamics in a system with broken inversion symmetry.

Crop residue return sustains global soil ecological stoichiometry balance.

Although soil ecological stoichiometry is constrained in natural ecosystems, its responses to anthropogenic perturbations are largely unknown. Inputs of inorganic fertilizer and crop residue are key cropland anthropogenic managements, with potential to alter their soil ecological stoichiometry. We conducted a global synthesis of 682 data pairs to quantify the responses of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) and grain yields to combined inputs of crop residue plus inorganic fertilizer compared with only inorganic fertilizer application.

Cuprous oxide-based nanocrystals with combined chemo/chemodynamic therapy to increase tumor drug sensitivity by reducing mitochondria-derived adenosine-triphosphate.

Gastrointestinal (GI) tumor is a serious disease with high mortality rates and morbidity rates worldwide. Chemotherapy is a key treatment for GI, however, systematic side effects and inevitable drug resistance complicate the situation. In the process of therapy, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) could remove chemotherapy drugs from cells, thus causing multi-drug resistance.

Distinguishing the Two-Component Anomalous Hall Effect from the Topological Hall Effect.

In transport, the topological Hall effect (THE) presents itself as nonmonotonic features (or humps and dips) in the Hall signal and is widely interpreted as a sign of chiral spin textures, like magnetic skyrmions. However, when the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is also present, the coexistence of two AHEs could give rise to similar artifacts, making it difficult to distinguish between genuine THE with AHE and two-component AHE. Here, we confirm genuine THE with AHE by means of transport and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) microscopy, in which magnetic skyrmions are directly observed, and find that genuine THE occurs in the transition region of the AHE.