Néel spin-orbit torque in antiferromagnetic quantum spin and anomalous Hall insulators.

Interplay between topological electrons and magnetic ordering enables efficient electrical control of magnetism. We extend the Kane-Mele model to include the exchange coupling to a collinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) order, which allows the system to exhibit the quantum anomalous Hall and quantum spin Hall effects in the absence of a net magnetization. These topological phases support a staggered Edelstein effect through which an applied electric field can generate opposite non-equilibrium spins on the two AFM sublattices, realizing the Néel-type spin-orbit torque (NSOT).

Exploration of the molecular mechanism of melatonin against polycystic ovary syndrome based on a network pharmacology approach and experimental validation.

Background: Among women of childbearing age, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the predominant etiology of anovulatory infertility. Recent research has elucidated the role of melatonin as a medicinal agent in PCOS, especially hyperandrogenism. However, the precise mechanisms underlying its therapeutic efficacy remain largely unknown.

Comparison of Ultrasound-Microwave-Assisted and Hot Reflux Extractions of Polysaccharides from Hance: Optimization, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity.

Hance exhibits various bioactivities, with polysaccharides being one of its key bioactive components. However, the relationship between the structural characteristics of these polysaccharides and their bioactivities remains unclear and underexplored. In this study, to optimize the extraction process, a Response Surface Methodology-based design combined with single-factor experiments was applied to determine the optimal conditions for the ultrasonic-microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from .

Research advances in current drugs targeting hyperlipidemia (Review).

Hyperlipidemia is a disorder of lipid metabolism. With rapid economic development, unhealthy diets and lack of exercise, the incidence of hyperlipidemia has been increasing year by year. In adults, hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and the current goal of treating hyperlipidemia is to prevent and manage ASCVD.

A genome-wide, CRISPR-based screen reveals new requirements for translation initiation and ubiquitination in driving adipogenic fate change.

In response to excess nutrients, white adipose tissue expands by both generating new adipocytes and upregulating lipogenesis in existing adipocytes. Here, we performed a genome-wide functional CRISPR screen to identify regulators of adipogenesis in the mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocyte model. In this pooled screening strategy, we used FACS to isolate populations based on lipid content, gating for fluorescence intensity of lipophilic fluorescent BODIPY dye.

Beyond the G-Loop: CRBN Molecular Glues Potently Target VAV1 via a Novel SH3 RT-Loop Degron.

This study reports the discovery and characterization of novel CRBN molecular glues that selectively induce the proteasomal degradation of the hematopoietic-specific signaling protein VAV1, a key target in hematological malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Utilizing unbiased global proteomics, we identified phenyl-glutarimide derivatives NGT-201-12, as effective VAV1 degraders, with its C-terminal SH3 domain (SH3) being crucial for this interaction. A significant finding is the elucidation of a non-canonical RT-loop degron (RDxS motif, residues 796-799) within VAV1 SH3, distinct from previously characterized G-loop degrons.

Influence of HS on the Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility of X80 Pipeline Steel in Hydrogen-Doped Natural Gas.

This study investigated the behavior of HS on the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of X80 pipeline steel in hydrogen-doped natural gas and thoroughly discussed the mechanism of its influence. The results indicated that HS accelerated the hydrogen embrittlement of X80 steel, and the higher its content, the more severe the embrittlement of the material. Besides, when HS gas was introduced into the hydrogen-doped natural gas, the fracture in the brittle region near the surface presented a mixture of quasi-cleavage and cleavage fracture morphologies, which exhibited typical hydrogen embrittlement characteristics.

Bacterial Foreignization Nanosystem Elicits Multi-Phenotypic T Cells for Antitumor Immunity.

T lymphocytes are pivotal targets in clinical cancer immunotherapy; however, tumor cells frequently evade the T-cell attacks by altering the intrinsic immunogenicity manifested as adjuvanticity, antigenicity, and reactogenicity. Here, a bacterial outer membrane vesicle (OMVs)-based nanosystem is presented to elicit robust T-cell responses by reshaping tumor immunogenicity. OMVs are engineered with vesicular stomatitis virus G-protein that facilitates the fusion of OMVs with tumor cells, leading to tumor "foreignization" and adjuvanticity augment.

Construction of a novel prognostic model for pancreatic adenocarcinoma to predict prognosis and guide immunotherapy.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) remains one of the most lethal malignant tumors, with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. This study aims to explore the role of butyrate metabolism-related genes (BMRGs) in PAAD to improve diagnostic and prognostic strategies. The study analyzed PAAD based on transcriptomic and clinical data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases.

Histone acetylation facilitates multidirectional pulp repair through Neuregulin-1 mobilization.

Appropriate dental pulp repair is based on effective control of inflammation and involves the regeneration of dental pulp nerves, blood vessels (soft tissue), and dentin (hard tissue). Limited evidence has shown how to modulate the uncertainty due to individual variability in dental pulp repair. NRG1, a cytokine modulating nerve injury and repair, was intricately associated with the outcome of pulp repair.

Clinicopathological factors . molecular model for predicting adjuvant EGFR-TKI benefit in stage I EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Adjuvant epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) show promising outcomes in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations, but accurately identifying patients who would derive the greatest benefit remains a clinical challenge. We compared the predictive performance of clinicopathological factors and the 14-gene assay to assess postoperative prognosis and predict the potential benefit of adjuvant EGFR-TKIs in stage I NSCLC.

Methods: From March 2013 to February 2019, patients with completely resected stage I NSCLC [8th edition tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification staging] and EGFR mutation were included.

Integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking combined with metabolomics to identify the pharmacological mechanisms of Jiedu Huoxue decoction against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Jiedu Huoxue decoction (JHD), a classical Chinese herbal prescription that originated from Wang Qingren's Correction on Errors in Medical Works, has been shown to be effective in treating acute kidney injury (AKI), yet the mechanisms remain to be elucidated.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to probe the efficacy of JHD on AKI and clarify its potential mechanism in cisplatin-induced AKI mice.

Methods: An integrated tactic, including network pharmacology, molecular docking, pharmacodynamics, molecular biology, and metabolomics, was employed to illuminate the pharmacological mechanisms of JHD in treating AKI.

Voltage-controlled magnetoelectric devices for neuromorphic diffusion process.

Neuromorphic diffusion models have become one of the major breakthroughs in the field of generative artificial intelligence. Unlike discriminative models that have been well developed to tackle classification or regression tasks, diffusion models aim at creating content based upon contexts learned. However, the more complex algorithms of these models result in high computational costs using today's technologies.

Contamination and Cleaning of Ceramic Membrane in Phosphate Slurry Dewatering and Filtration Processes.

Ceramic membrane dewatering and filtration technology is effective in reducing the water content of the phosphate slurry. However, membrane fouling remains an unavoidable issue. Herein, by investigating the mechanism of membrane contamination and developing innovative cleaning solutions, we can effectively address this issue.

Effect of F-FDG PET/CT Imaging Combined with 3D-Printed Templates on Biopsy Efficacy in Patients with Lung Tumor.

Objective: To investigate the effect of F-FDG PET/CT imaging combined with 3D-printed templates on the biopsy results and diagnostic efficacy in patients with lung tumors.

Methods: This was a comparative study. A total of 80 patients with suspected lung tumors admitted to Baoding NO.

Integrative multiomic approaches reveal ZMAT3 and p21 as conserved hubs in the p53 tumor suppression network.

TP53, the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer, encodes a transcriptional activator that induces myriad downstream target genes. Despite the importance of p53 in tumor suppression, the specific p53 target genes important for tumor suppression remain unclear. Recent studies have identified the p53-inducible gene Zmat3 as a critical effector of tumor suppression, but many questions remain regarding its p53-dependence, activity across contexts, and mechanism of tumor suppression alone and in cooperation with other p53-inducible genes.

Hypermetabolic pulmonary lesions detection and diagnosis based on PET/CT imaging and deep learning models.

Purpose: This study aims to develop and evaluate deep learning models for the detection and classification of hypermetabolic lung lesions into four categories: benign, lung cancer, pulmonary lymphoma, and metastasis. These categories are defined by their pathological origin, clinical relevance, and therapeutic implications.

Methods: A lesion localisation model was first developed using manually annotated PET/CT images.

Unconventional unidirectional magnetoresistance in heterostructures of a topological semimetal and a ferromagnet.

Unidirectional magnetoresistance (UMR) in a bilayer heterostructure, consisting of a spin-source material and a magnetic layer, refers to a change in the longitudinal resistance on the reversal of magnetization and originates from the interaction of non-equilibrium spin accumulation and magnetization at the interface. Since the spin polarization of an electric-field-induced non-equilibrium spin accumulation in conventional spin-source materials is restricted to be in the film plane, the ensuing UMR can only respond to the in-plane component of magnetization. However, magnets with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are highly desired for magnetic memory and spin-logic devices, whereas the electrical read-out of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy magnets through UMR is critically missing.

Large-scale synthesis of non-ionic bismuth chelate for computed tomography imaging in vivo.

High atomic number elements-based X-ray computed tomography (CT) contrast agents offer a promising solution to address the inherent deficiencies of FDA-approved iodine contrast agents. However, they face substantial challenges in balancing imaging performance, safety, and large-scale production for clinical translation. Herein, inspired by the history of clinical gadolinium- and iodine-based contrast agents, we report a large-scale approach for synthesizing non-ionic bismuth (Bi) chelate for high-performance CT imaging in vivo.

Large Spin-Orbit Torque in a-Plane α-Fe_{2}O_{3}/Pt Bilayers.

Realization of efficient spin-orbit torque switching of the Néel vector in insulating antiferromagnets is a challenge, often complicated by spurious effects. Quantifying the spin-orbit torques in antiferromagnet or heavy metal heterostructures is an important first step toward this goal. Here, we employ magneto-optic techniques to study dampinglike spin-orbit torque (DL-SOT) in a-plane α-Fe_{2}O_{3} (hematite) with a Pt spin-orbit overlayer.

Intratumoral antigen-presenting cell activation by a nanovesicle for the concurrent tertiary lymphoid structure de novo neogenesis.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) usually lead to significantly improved clinical benefits in immunotherapy but are rarely observed within native tumors. The current approaches are difficult in effectively inducing TLS formation, let alone fully exploiting its anticancer efficacy. Here, a biomimetic nanovesicle (ADU-S@M1) is constructed to target tumors and then to produce abundant activated antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in situ by polarizing the tumor-associated macrophages toward M1 phenotype and promoting dendritic cell maturation.

Optimal cultivation concentration of duckweed for pollutant removal from biogas slurry.

Duckweed is an important plant for wastewater remediation and a promising alternative protein source for animal feed. This study aims to evaluate the biomass, protein accumulation, and wastewater purification capacity of duckweed under controlled cultivation conditions. Using pig farm biogas slurry as a nutrient source, this study analyzes the purification ability of duckweed at different slurry concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%) on chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and ammonia nitrogen (NH-N) in biogas slurry.

Dysregulated serum levels of kisspeptin, NKB, GABA in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and their association with hormonal profiles.

Introduction: The clinical study aimed to evaluate the levels of serum kisspeptin, NKB, and GABA in Chinese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and explore their association with hormonal profiles, as well as the relationship between these levels in PCOS patients and controls.

Methods: From December 2022 to December 2023, medical records of 60 individuals diagnosed with PCOS and 32 healthy subjects were obtained. Serum kisspeptin, NKB and GABA levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.

Agreement of zero-heat-flux thermometry compared with infrared tympanic temperature monitoring in adults undergoing major surgery.

The patient's body temperature significantly fluctuates, affected by factors, including anesthesia. The ideal temperature monitoring method that is suitable for perioperative application is of great significance for identifying hypothermia and malignant hyperthermia early, as well as for guiding intraoperative temperature protection. This study aims to compare the cutaneous zero-heat-flux (ZHF) thermometer application in general anesthesia using the infrared tympanic measurement as a reference.