Comparative analysis of key flavonoid synthesis genes in the transcriptome of Cayratia Japonica and therapeutic target prediction for ulcerative colitis : Functional & integrative genomics.

Cayratia japonica is a traditional Chinese herbal plant rich in flavonoid compounds, with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Although Cayratia japonica has been used for medicinal purposes for centuries, the mechanisms underlying flavonoid biosynthesis in this plant remain largely unexplored. In this study, combining transcriptomics and bioinformatics, we constructed a transcriptome database for three tissues of Cayratia japonica.

Comparison of Ultrasound-Microwave-Assisted and Hot Reflux Extractions of Polysaccharides from Hance: Optimization, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity.

Hance exhibits various bioactivities, with polysaccharides being one of its key bioactive components. However, the relationship between the structural characteristics of these polysaccharides and their bioactivities remains unclear and underexplored. In this study, to optimize the extraction process, a Response Surface Methodology-based design combined with single-factor experiments was applied to determine the optimal conditions for the ultrasonic-microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from .

Study on the extraction, antioxidant and prebiotic activity of the polysaccharides from the fruits of L.

Introduction: Polysaccharides extracted from the fruits of L. (PEP) have demonstrated various bioactivities, including antioxidant and prebiotic effects. This study aimed to optimize the extraction of PEP using ultrasonic microwave synergistic extraction (UMSE) and evaluate its bioactivities.

Transcriptomics and network pharmacology analysis reveal key genes in alkaloid biosynthesis in Zephyranthes candida and therapeutic targets for LIHC.

This study identified key enzyme-encoding genes involved in the biosynthesis of lycorine and galanthamine in Zephyranthes candida, and predicted four critical therapeutic targets of lycorine for liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) comprise a unique class of isoquinoline alkaloids mainly found in plants of the Amaryllidaceae family. Zephyranthes candida (Lindl.

The Chemical Profiling and Immunological Activity of Polysaccharides from the Rhizome of Using Hot Water Extraction.

To investigate the immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides derived from the rhizome of , polysaccharides (IRPs-H) were extracted using hot water extraction and further purified via DEAE-52 ion-exchange chromatography, yielding three fractions: IRPs-H1, IRPs-H2, and IRPs-H3. The structural features of these fractions were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Their immunological activities were evaluated in vitro.

Drive Astrocytic Glioblastoma Proliferation Through Transcriptional Co-Regulation of Various Cyclins.

As the most aggressive primary brain tumor, glioblastoma (GBM) is considered incurable due to its molecular heterogeneity and therapy resistance. Identifying key regulatory factors in GBM is critical for developing effective therapeutic strategies. Based on the analysis of TCGA data, we confirmed a robust co-expression and correlation of OLIG1 and OLIG2 in human GBM.

Potential diagnostic marker gene set for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma with lymphocyte infiltration.

Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a prominent driver of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) besides virus and alcohol, induces a series of complex liver structural and immune microenvironment changes, which make the early diagnosis and treatment of NASH-associated HCC (NASH-HCC) more challenging. This study aims to identify signature genes and explore the role of immune cell infiltration in NASH-HCC to improve early detection and prognosis assessment.

Methods: Differential gene and immune cell infiltration are important indicators for predicting the progress of oncology and responsiveness of tumor patients to immunotherapy, usually confirmed through biopsy tests with poor patient compliance.

Effects of simulated digestion and prebiotics properties of polysaccharides extracted from based on different pilot processes.

Recent studies have highlighted the prebiotic potential of natural plant polysaccharides, demonstrating their role in promoting beneficial gut microbiota and improving health. However, research on the digestive properties and prebiotic activities of (IRPs) remains limited. This study investigated fresh as the research object.

NOTCH, ERK, and SHH signaling respectively control the fate determination of cortical glia and olfactory bulb interneurons.

During cortical development, radial glial cells (neural stem cells) initially are neurogenic, generating intermediate progenitor cells that exclusively produce glutamatergic pyramidal neurons. Next, radial glial cells generate tripotential intermediate progenitor cells (Tri-IPCs) that give rise to cortical astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and olfactory bulb interneurons. The molecular mechanisms underlying the transition from cortical neurogenesis to gliogenesis, and the subsequent fate determination of cortical astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and olfactory bulb interneurons, remain unclear.

Distinct species turnover patterns shaped the richness of antibiotic resistance genes on eight different microplastic polymers.

Elucidating the formation mechanism of plastisphere antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on different polymers is necessary to understand the ecological risks of plastisphere ARGs. Here, we explored the turnover and assembly mechanism of plastisphere ARGs on 8 different microplastic polymers (4 biodegradable (bMPs) and 4 non-biodegradable microplastics (nMPs)) by metagenomic sequencing. Our study revealed the presence of 479 ARGs with abundance ranging from 41.

ERK signaling expands mammalian cortical radial glial cells and extends the neurogenic period.

The molecular basis for cortical expansion during evolution remains largely unknown. Here, we report that fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling promotes the self-renewal and expansion of cortical radial glial (RG) cells. Furthermore, FGF-ERK signaling induces () expression in cortical RG cells, which increases the length of the neurogenic period.

Genetic algorithm-based semisupervised convolutional neural network for real-time monitoring of Escherichia coli fermentation of recombinant protein production using a Raman sensor.

As a non-destructive sensing technique, Raman spectroscopy is often combined with regression models for real-time detection of key components in microbial cultivation processes. However, achieving accurate model predictions often requires a large amount of offline measurement data for training, which is both time-consuming and labor-intensive. In order to overcome the limitations of traditional models that rely on large datasets and complex spectral preprocessing, in addition to the difficulty of training models with limited samples, we have explored a genetic algorithm-based semi-supervised convolutional neural network (GA-SCNN).

Coupling dynamics of respiration, gas exchange, and Pseudomonas fluorescens growth on fresh-cut cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in passive modified atmosphere packing.

This study established microbial growth models for fresh-cut cucumber packaged with different O transmission rate (OTR) films. Biaxially oriented polyamide/low-density polyethylene (BOPA/LDPE) film (Ⅰ: OTR5, Ⅳ: OTR48) and polyethylene (PE) film (Ⅱ: OTR2058, Ⅲ: OTR3875) were used to construct a passive modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). Mathematic models have been established to account for dynamic variations in the O/CO concentration and their impacts on Pseudomonas fluorescens growth.

BMP7 expression in mammalian cortical radial glial cells increases the length of the neurogenic period.

The seat of human intelligence is the human cerebral cortex, which is responsible for our exceptional cognitive abilities. Identifying principles that lead to the development of the large-sized human cerebral cortex will shed light on what makes the human brain and species so special. The remarkable increase in the number of human cortical pyramidal neurons and the size of the human cerebral cortex is mainly because human cortical radial glial cells, primary neural stem cells in the cortex, generate cortical pyramidal neurons for more than 130 days, whereas the same process takes only about 7 days in mice.

Identification of brain-to-spinal circuits controlling the laterality and duration of mechanical allodynia in mice.

Mechanical allodynia (MA) represents one prevalent symptom of chronic pain. Previously we and others have identified spinal and brain circuits that transmit or modulate the initial establishment of MA. However, brain-derived descending pathways that control the laterality and duration of MA are still poorly understood.

Heat-induced pea protein isolate gels reinforced by panda bean protein amyloid fibrils: Gelling properties and formation mechanism.

The roles of panda bean protein amyloid fibrils (PDPF) in modifying the textural and rheological properties of heat-induced pea protein isolate (PPI) gels were investigated. It was found that the incorporation of PDPF significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) the strength of PPI gel.

Assessment of the Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activity of Flavonoid-Rich Extract from .

contains a variety of bioactive compounds including chalcone, coumarin, and phytochemicals, endowing it with pharmacological effects such as lipid-lowering activity, antitumor activity, liver protection, and nerve protection. This study aims to study the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the flavonoid-rich extract from (FEAK) in an effort to exploit new applications of FEAK and increase its commercial value. In this paper, flavonoid compounds in were extracted using 50% ethanol, and the contents of the flavonoid compounds were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS.

Transcription factor Sp9 is a negative regulator of D1-type MSN development.

The striatum is the main input structure of the basal ganglia, receiving information from the cortex and the thalamus and consisting of D1- and D2- medium spiny neurons (MSNs). D1-MSNs and D2-MSNs are essential for motor control and cognitive behaviors and have implications in Parkinson's Disease. In the present study, we demonstrated that Sp9-positive progenitors produced both D1-MSNs and D2-MSNs and that Sp9 expression was rapidly downregulated in postmitotic D1-MSNs.

Characteristics of EPS from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Alcaligenes faecalis under Cd(II) stress: changes in chemical components and adsorption performance.

EPS (extracellular polymeric substance) production is a self-protection mechanism by which microorganisms slow or eliminate adverse effects in unfavorable environments. In this study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Alcaligenes faecalis were selected to explore changes in EPS components, especially protein components, under stress caused by different concentrations of Cd(II). The results showed that the protein content in EPS was the highest.

Effects of different exogenous cadmium compounds on the chemical composition and adsorption properties of two gram-negative bacterial EPS.

Three different Cd(II) compounds were used to regulate Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Alcaligenes faecalis EPS (extracellular polymeric substances). The purpose of this study was to improve the content of EPS protein and the adsorption capacity of Cd(II) by different Cd(II) compounds. The results showed that Cd(NO) had the best stress/induction effect on the two strains.

Response of Bacillus vallismortis sp. EPS to exogenous sulfur stress/ induction and its adsorption performance on Cu(II).

The chemical composition of EPS (Extracellular Polymeric Substances) produced by Bacillus vallismortis sp. and its adsorption performance on typical heavy metal were studied under NaS stress/induction at different concentrations. Its structure was characterized by three-dimensional fluorescence spectrogram (3D-EEM), infrared spectrum (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Understanding the Hierarchical Relationships in Female Sex Workers' Social Networks Based on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice.

Female sex workers (FSWs) represent a high-risk population for HIV infection and transmission. In general, their fellow FSWs (peers) also play a role in their level of susceptibility to HIV/AIDS. This paper draws from interview data of 93 FSWs to construct a multi-layer FSW social network model based on their knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP).

Circulating MicroRNA-19b Identified From Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture Patients Increases Bone Formation.

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in regulating gene expression and have been reported to be involved in various metabolic diseases, including osteoporosis. Although the transcriptional regulation of osteoblast differentiation has been well characterized, the role of circulating miRNAs in this process is poorly understood. Here we discovered that the level of circulating miR-19b was significantly lower in osteoporotic patients with vertebral compression fractures than that of healthy controls.

Composition change and adsorption performance of EPS from Bacillus vallismortis sp. induced by NaS.

Sodium sulfide (NaS) was used as an inducer to regulate the components of Bacillus vallismortis sp. EPS (Extracellular Polymeric Substances). The main objective of this study was to improve the content of sulfhydryl protein and the adsorption property of EPS to Zn (Ⅱ) that as an typical heavy metal.