In-depth investigation of the spatial variations of DOM components in sediments under the influence of cascade dams and their interactions with microbial communities.

Small cascade dams drive spatial divergence in the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in local sediments. Taking Xixi River in the southeast of China, a representative small cascade-dammed watershed, as an example, this study explored the spatial variations of DOM components and its interactions with microbial communities under the influence of cascade dams. Results revealed that DOM composition differed significantly, i.

Charge-Buffered Sulfidation Stabilized B in 1T MoS: Orbital Alignment for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Production.

The sp hybridization of surface sulfur in metallic phase molybdenum disulfide (1T MoS) is identified as the intrinsic bottleneck for alkaline hydrogen production (HER), where their electron-saturated nature elevates the kinetic barrier for water dissociation. To overcome this limitation, a charge-buffered sulfidation strategy is reported to stabilize anionic boron (B) within 1T MoS. By employing molybdenum aluminum boride as the precursor, the B dopants can be efficiently preserved via the topological confinement imposed by Mo─B─Mo network.

Clinical Observation of Myocardial Contractility Modulation Device in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.

Heart failure (HF) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases in the 21st century, affecting more than 25 million individuals worldwide. According to estimates, 8.9 million cases have been reported in China alone.

Dam operation changed the transport patterns of microplastics - from a global perspective.

The global proliferation of dams has raised concerns about their environmental impact, yet their role in microplastic transport in rivers remains unclear. Our study integrated existing data on the distribution characteristics of microplastics from 517 sampling sites within 100 km of dams to understand the influence of dam operations on the microplastic transport process in rivers. Results demonstrated that microplastics exhibited a higher abundance and diversity in reservoirs than in the upstream and downstream areas.

Exploration of New Susceptible Genes associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Children with Obesity Using Whole Exome Sequencing.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between susceptibility genes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children with obesity.

Methods: We conducted a two-step case-control study. Ninety-three participants were subjected to whole-exome sequencing (exploratory set).

Molecular-Scale Asymmetry Nanochannels for High-Efficiency Osmotic Energy Generation.

Osmotic power, as an example of iontronics, can convert an ion gradient to electrical energy by the membrane-based reverse electrodialysis technique. However, its efficiency in harvesting osmotic energy is mostly dependent on ion permeability and selectivity during transmembrane diffusion. The two-dimensional (2D) heterogeneous interface establishes molecular-scale asymmetric structure and charge that is expected to exert a crucial effect on the ion permeability and selectivity but remains unexplored.

Effects and formula optimization of pomace substrate on the yield and volatile flavor compounds of .

Introduction: pomace (RRP), a by-product of R. roxbunghii processing, remains largely underutilized. Given the increasing demand for sustainable and resource-efficient mushroom cultivation methods, exploring RRP as a mushroom cultivation medium could not only address waste management issues but also potentially enhance the quality of cultivated mushrooms.

Selective C Electroproduction via Back Bonding in Asymmetric Copper-Copper Motifs.

CO reduction reaction (CORR) is considered a highly attractive approach to reduce carbon emissions and yet encounters challenges in further converting *C intermediates to valuable two-carbon (C) products. Although copper-based catalysts exhibit satisfactory adsorption energy for *C species, the symmetrical charge distribution at adjacent copper sites leads to a strong repulsive force between adsorbed *C. Herein, asymmetric copper-copper (Cu-Cu) motifs with distinct adsorption behaviors have been constructed on the F-CuN substrate using the in situ isostructural substitution method.

Distinct vertical profiles of microbial communities and functional genes between different lake sediment layers mediated by nutrients in the sediments and pore waters.

Lakes, as vital wetland ecosystems, face increasing anthropogenic pressures, including nutrient pollution, which significantly exacerbates the threat of eutrophication. Microorganisms inhabiting lake sediments are key drivers of biogeochemical cycles of essential elements in aquatic ecosystems. While their roles in eutrophic lakes have been explored, their vertical profiles of community compositions and functional genes in the sediments of eutrophic lakes remain poorly resolved.

Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Naturally Ensiled Tratt Pomace and Evaluation of Their Ensiling Potential and Antioxidant Properties.

This study isolated five acid-producing strains (XQ and YZ-YZ) from naturally fermented pomace of Tratt (RRT) in Guizhou's karst region. Genetic and phenotypic analyses identified XQ, YZ, and YZ as (), YZ as , and YZ as . A comparative evaluation with commercial strain AC revealed that XQ, YZ, and YZ exhibited superior acidification (reaching the stationary phase at 40 h) and tolerance to acidic conditions (pH 3.

Targeted discovery of oxygen-bridged sesquiterpenes from Cinnamomum migao by MS/MS-based molecular networking and their neuroprotective activities.

Five previously undescribed oxygen-bridged sesquiterpenes (cinnamigones D-H), along with three known analogs, were isolated from the fruits of Cinnamomum migao using an MS/MS-based molecular networking strategy. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, including HRESIMS, X-ray crystallography, electronic circular dichroism calculations, and comparisons with existing literature data. All isolated compounds feature an oxygen-bridged structural units and a tricyclic framework.

Exogenous L-Serine Alleviates -Induced Inflammation by Reprogramming the Transcription and Metabolism of Macrophages.

is notorious for inducing excessive inflammation with high lethality in multiple animals, such as cattle, pigs, and chickens. Our previous study revealed that L-serine was decreased in the lungs of mice infected with capsular type A strain CQ2 (PmCQ2), and 2 mg/kg of L-serine could alleviate PmCQ2-induced lung inflammation in vivo, which may largely depend on macrophages. However, the underlying intrinsic alterations remain unknown.

Combining semiparametric and machine learning approaches for short-term prediction of satellite clock bias.

Accurate modeling of satellite clock bias (SCB) is critical for enhancing high-precision positioning capabilities. Existing approaches, such as semiparametric adjustment models and neural networks, address the nonlinearity and non-stationarity of SCB time series, as well as potential distortions from trend and noise component overlap. However, these methods encounter practical limitations, particularly in the selection of kernel functions for semiparametric models and the initialization of parameters for neural networks.

L-serine metabolic regulation and host respiratory homeostasis.

LSerine, a non-essential amino acid (NEAA), can be obtained through diet or synthesis. Functionally, L-serine not only serves as the precursor of other amino acids, lipids, and nucleotides, but also participates in the folate/methionine cycle. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that L-serine is widely used in the adjuvant therapy of many diseases (e.

Predictive value of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and total bilirubin levels for pancreatic fistula after gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer is the most common malignancy of the digestive system and surgical resection is the primary treatment. Advances in surgical technology have reduced the risk of complications after radical gastrectomy; however, post-surgical pancreatic fistula remain a serious issue. These fistulas can lead to abdominal infections, anastomotic leakage, increased costs, and pain; thus, early diagnosis and prevention are crucial for a better prognosis.

Two-dimensional unilamellar cation-deficient metal oxide nanosheet incorporated composite polymer electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.

Composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) are considered among the leading contenders for next-generation all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries. However, CPEs simultaneously face multiple significant challenges, including reduced ion transference number, insufficient ionic conductivity, and poor cycling stability, which severely limit their practical applicability. Herein, we have designed a multifunctional unilamellar inorganic nanosheets (TiO) additive for CPEs with cationic defects which is capable of simultaneously addressing all aforementioned challenges.

The Diagnostic Value of Interleukin-2 and Interferon-γ Induced by Fusion Protein (ESAT-6/CFP-10/Rv1985c) for Active Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic ability of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release assay induced by the fusion protein (ESAT-6/CFP-10/Rv1985c) for detecting active tuberculosis (ATB) in clinically visiting patients.

Methods: A total of 970 subjects (215 in ATB group and 755 in non-ATB group) underwent both an interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) and a TB-DNA PCR assay. Using clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, both qualitative and quantitative test results for IL-2 and IFN-γ were analyzed.

Application of single venous approach under echocardiography without angiography in closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus.

Background: The conventional arteriovenous approach closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) may be associated with more complications, especially in young infants. The objective is to explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of interventional closure of PDA through a single venous approach under echocardiography without angiography.

Methods: 112 patients (32 males and 80 females) with PDA closed by different methods in Suining Central Hospital were enrolled, including 60 cases (Group 1) with a single venous approach under echocardiography without angiography and 52 cases (Group 2) with the conventional arteriovenous approach.

Vicinal Diol Sesquiterpenes from with Neuroprotective Effects in PC12 Cells.

In the ongoing search for new vicinal diol natural products, four new (Migaones A-D, -) and four known (-) vicinal diol sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the branches and leaves of . Their structures were unequivocally determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses (HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR), single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electronic circular dichroism calculations, and comparison with existing literature data. All compounds isolated from possess vicinal diol structural units except compound .

Characteristics, sources, and concentration prediction of endocrine disruptors in a large reservoir driven by hydrological rhythms: A case study of the Danjiangkou Reservoir.

Herein, we present the first systematic investigation to clarify the effect of hydrological rhythms on the concentrations and distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalate esters (PAEs) in the Danjiangkou Reservoir. The results revealed that hydrological rhythms remarkably affected the PAH and PAE concentrations and distributions in the water body, wherein the PAH concentration peaked in the flood season while the PAE concentration remarkably increased in the dry season. This study represents methodological innovation, revealing significant heterogeneity of PAHs and PAEs across different water layers.

Identification of an immune-related gene panel for the diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension using bioinformatics and machine learning.

Objective: This study aimed to screen an immune-related gene (IRG) panel and develop a novel approach for diagnosing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) utilizing bioinformatics and machine learning (ML).

Methods: Gene expression profiles were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify differentially expressed immune-related genes (IRG-DEGs). We employed five machine learning algorithms-LASSO, random forest (RF), boosted regression trees (BRT), XGBoost, and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) to identify biomarkers derived from IRG-DEGs associated with the diagnosis of PAH, incorporating them into the IRG-DEGs panel.

Heat and mass transfer of water flow in graphene nanochannels: effect of pressure and interfacial interaction.

The low-resistance transport of water within graphene nanochannels makes it promising for electronic cooling applications. However, how the water pressure and the water-graphene interaction strength affect the flow field and the thermal transfer, including velocity slip, friction coefficient, Nusselt number, temperature slip, interfacial thermal resistance, and variation of physical properties, is still not clearly understood. In this paper, we employ molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate qualitatively the heat transfer of water flow in graphene nanochannels.

Electrolyte Design Strategies for Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries: Progress and Prospects.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as one of today's most attractive battery technologies due to the scarcity of lithium resources. Aqueous sodium-ion batteries (ASIBs) have been extensively researched for their security, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendly properties. However, aqueous electrolytes are extremely limited in practical applications because of the narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW) with extremely poor low-temperature performance.