Sisyphus' Alert: The Uphill Struggle to Improve Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Clinical Decision Support.

Chemoprophylaxis reduces the risk of hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism (VTE), but is not reliably ordered. Our institution created a clinical decision support (CDS) interruptive alert to remind clinicians to order VTE chemoprophylaxis when it is missing for qualifying inpatients. Unfortunately, this alert has required repeated modifications to ensure accurate logic, and continues to generate negative feedback from users.

One-Pot Monomer-Level Fabrication of Anion Exchange Membranes for High-Performance Water Electrolysis.

Anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis (AEMWE) is considered an economical technology for producing green hydrogen energy. However, conventional AEMs comprising polymer backbones with anisotropically aligned cationic pendant groups exhibit unsatisfactory AEMWE performance and durability, limiting their practical implementation. Herein, a facile method for fabricating a durable high-performance AEM via a one-pot monomer-level Menshutkin (m-Men) reaction in a porous mechanical support is proposed.

Interaction patterns amongst risk factors for bladder cancer in adults with type 2 diabetes managed in primary care.

Background: Previous studies have shown that patients with type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of developing bladder cancer than the general population. However, little is known about how different risk factors interact to influence the risk of bladder cancer among diabetes patients.

Aim: To explore the interaction patterns among factors associated with the risk of bladder cancer incidence among patients who received diabetes management in primary care.

Association Between Diabetes and Site-Specific Cancer Risk: A Population-Based Cohort Study on the Differential Role of Metabolic Profiles.

This study is aimed at investigating (i) whether diabetes is associated with each site-specific cancer and (ii) whether metabolic factors (lipids and liver enzyme) are differentially linked to different site-specific cancers by diabetes status. A retrospective cohort study was performed using electronic health records of Hong Kong. Patients who utilized public healthcare services between the year 1997 and 2021 with complete laboratory records and no cancer history were included.

Noninstrumented Posterolateral Lumbar Fusions Continue to Fade Relative to Instrumented Posterolateral Approaches for Lumbar Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Over the Past Decade.

Introduction: Although posterolateral lumbar fusions (PLFs) were historically routinely performed without instrumentation, instrumentation has become ubiquitous in this setting. Recent assessments of noninstrumented PLFs practices are lacking.

Methods: Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis patients undergoing noninstrumented or instrumented single-level PLFs (with or without interbody) were identified from 2012 to 2022 M170 Ortho PearlDiver.

Optimized Ion-Transport Properties of Diallylammonium-Cyclopolymerized Anion-Exchange Membranes for High-Performance Water Electrolysis.

Anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) are the key components of AEM-based water electrolysis (AEMWE) for green hydrogen production. Unfortunately, many AEMs have unsatisfactory ion conductivity, and the factors governing their ion transport remain unclear. To address these limitations, herein, a new pyrrolidinium-containing diallylammonium-cyclopolymerized (PDT) AEM is proposed.

Optimizing Treatment Precision: Role of Adaptive Radiotherapy in Modern Anal Cancer Management.

Anal cancer is a rare malignancy with rising incidence. Definitive treatment with radiation and concurrent chemotherapy represent the standard of care for patients with non-metastatic disease. Advances in radiation delivery through the use of intensity-modulated radiotherapy have significantly reduced the toxic effects of treatment.

Protocol for characterizing biomolecular condensates through live-cell imaging and analysis.

Biomolecular condensates are important targets of investigation due to their physiological functions as well as their roles in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and drug delivery. Here, we present a protocol for characterizing biomolecular condensates across three confocal microscopy-based modalities, namely, subcellular localization, fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), and time lapse analysis of mobility and fission/fusion events. We detail optimized image acquisition parameters and describe steps for analysis workflows utilizing ImageJ macros and plugins, including 2D and 3D analysis approaches.

Extrinsically microporous polymer membranes derived from thermally cross-linked perfluorinated aryl-ether-free polymers for gas separation.

State-of-the-art membranes derived from polymers of intrinsic microporosity offer promising alternatives to energy-intensive, thermally driven separation techniques but often suffer from reduced performance under condensable gases or physical aging. Here, extrinsically microporous polymer membranes (EMPMs) are introduced as a distinct class of microporous membranes, fabricated from perfluorinated aryl-ether-free aromatic polymers via defluorination-induced thermal cross-linking. This process generates extrinsic micropores, increases intersegmental distances, and significantly enhances gas permeability.

Human TDP-43 overexpression in zebrafish motor neurons triggers MND-like phenotypes through gain-of-function mechanism.

Dysregulation of the TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), including intraneuronal cytoplasmic mislocalisation and aggregation is a feature of multiple neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTLD), limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE) and alzheimers disease (AD). Unravelling the causes and functional consequences of TDP-43 dysregulation is paramount to understanding disease mechanisms as well as identifying effective therapeutic targets. Here we present a comprehensive characterisation of three stable transgenic zebrafish models that express human TDP-43 variants in motor neurons.

The Most Common Disqualifying Medical Conditions in Army Aviators, 2016-2020.

Introduction: Military aviators have long undergone enhanced medical screening to minimize accidents and deaths. U.S.

Critical impact of lysine 136 in TDP-43 phase separation, compartmentalization, and aggregation in living vertebrates.

TDP-43 is a nuclear RNA-binding protein that undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and forms insoluble aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases. By studying TDP-43 in living vertebrates, we confirmed that TDP-43 undergoes LLPS and forms dynamic biomolecular condensates in spinal motor neurons. We validated that interfering with the lysine residue at position 136 altered the phase separation behavior of TDP-43 by reducing cytoplasmic mislocalization and aggregation.

Vitamin D status and its determinants among Chinese infants and toddlers in Hong Kong.

Purpose: Vitamin D is a micronutrient that is necessary for bone health as well as the regulation of mineral homeostasis. This study aims to assess the vitamin D status and its determinants among infants and toddlers in Hong Kong, two of the most vulnerable groups at risk of vitamin D insufficiency.

Methods: A multi-centre cross-sectional study recruiting 887 infants and toddlers was conducted.

Suppression of NRAS-mutant melanoma growth with NRAS-targeting Antisense Oligonucleotide treatment reveals therapeutically relevant kinase co-dependencies.

Background: Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer, and patients with NRAS-mutant melanoma face limited treatment options due to the lack of direct NRAS inhibitors. This study explores the utilization of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to directly target NRAS-mRNA for therapeutic approaches.

Methods: We designed and tested NRAS-mRNA-targeting ASOs.

Voltage-controlled magnetoelectric devices for neuromorphic diffusion process.

Neuromorphic diffusion models have become one of the major breakthroughs in the field of generative artificial intelligence. Unlike discriminative models that have been well developed to tackle classification or regression tasks, diffusion models aim at creating content based upon contexts learned. However, the more complex algorithms of these models result in high computational costs using today's technologies.

TrialSieve: A Comprehensive Biomedical Information Extraction Framework for PICO, Meta-Analysis, and Drug Repurposing.

This work introduces TrialSieve, a novel framework for biomedical information extraction that enhances clinical meta-analysis and drug repurposing. By extending traditional PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) methodologies, TrialSieve incorporates hierarchical, treatment group-based graphs, enabling more comprehensive and quantitative comparisons of clinical outcomes. TrialSieve was used to annotate 1609 PubMed abstracts, 170,557 annotations, and 52,638 final spans, incorporating 20 unique annotation categories that capture a diverse range of biomedical entities relevant to systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Lexical associations can characterize clinical documentation trends related to palliative care and metastatic cancer.

Palliative care is known to improve quality of life in advanced cancer. Natural language processing offers insights to how documentation around palliative care in relation to metastatic cancer has changed. We analyzed inpatient clinical notes using unsupervised language models that learn how words related to metastatic cancer (e.

Proteomics Analysis of the TDP-43 Interactome in Cellular Models of ALS Pathogenesis.

Cytoplasmic aggregation and nuclear depletion of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a hallmark pathology of several neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE). However, the protein interactome of TDP-43 remains incompletely defined. In this study, we aimed to identify putative TDP-43 protein partners within the nucleus and the cytoplasm and with different disease models of TDP-43 by comparing TDP-43 interaction partners in three different cell lines.

Survival Tree Analysis of Interactions Among Factors Associated With Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) and diabetes share many common lifestyle risk factors, such as obesity. However, it remains largely unknown how different factors interact to influence the risk of CRC development among patients with diabetes.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the interaction patterns among factors associated with the risk of CRC incidence among patients with diabetes.

Characterizing practice variations in the care of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis across the University of California Health.

Despite publicly available practice guidelines, in-hospital cirrhosis care remains highly variable. Prior studies of cirrhosis guideline adherence have been limited by administrative claims data. We aimed to overcome these limitations by using a novel multicenter electronic health record (EHR) database, the University of California Health Data Warehouse (UCHDW), to compare guideline adherence in the 5 medical centers of the University of California Health (UCH).

Advancing Non-Aqueous Etching Strategy for Swift and High-Yield Synthesis of 2D Molybdenum Carbides (MXenes).

Aqueous hydrofluoric acid (HF)-based solutions are widely used for etching MAX phases to synthesize high-purity 2D molybdenum carbides (MXenes). However, their applicability is limited to selected MAX phases, and the production of certain MXenes, such as Mo-based MXenes, remains challenging owing to low quality, low yield, and the time-intensive process, often requiring several days to weeks. In this study, a non-aqueous etchant for faster and more efficient synthesis of high-purity Mo-based MXenes is introduced.

The interactions among factors associated with the risk of lung cancer among diabetes patients: a survival tree analysis.

Past epidemiological studies demonstrated mixed findings on the association between diabetes and lung cancer. Given the possible links between diabetes, smoking, and respiratory diseases, this study aims to examine the interaction patterns among factors associated with the risk of lung cancer among diabetes patients. A territory-wide retrospective cohort study was performed using electronic health records of Hong Kong.

FTO suppresses DNA repair by inhibiting PARP1.

Maintaining genomic integrity and faithful transmission of genetic information is essential for the survival and proliferation of cells and organisms. DNA damage, which threatens the integrity of the genome, is rapidly sensed and repaired by mechanisms collectively known as the DNA damage response. The RNA demethylase FTO has been implicated in this process; however, the underlying mechanism by which FTO regulates DNA repair remains unclear.