Long-term exposure in high viscous microenvironment facilitates acquired drug resistance of colon cancer cells to doxorubicin.

Chemotherapy is one of the most common strategies for treating colorectal cancer (CRC). However, acquired drug resistance (ADR) impairs the efficiency of chemotherapy. For CRC treatment, the long-term administration could affect cancer microenvironment and induce environment-mediated drug tolerance that contributes to ADR.

Research Strategies and Methods of Hydrogels for Antitumor Drug Delivery.

Tumor treatments have substantially advanced through various approaches, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and gene therapy. However, efficient treatment necessitates overcoming physiological barriers that impede the delivery of therapeutic agents to target sites. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) are a prominent research area, particularly in tumor therapy.

Tailoring cell behaviour by surface micropatterning and interconnected porous structure of gelatin/nano-silica/PLGA 3D composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

Scaffold architecture with complementary features on the surface brings the desired properties in the surface chemistry. That structure plays a critical role in tissue engineering to tailor cell behaviour and promote effective transport for cell growth and tissue regeneration. In this work, a controllable interconnected three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffold with surface micropatterning was fabricated.

Predictors of early resistance to catheter-directed thrombolysis in patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis.

Purpose: To determine predictors of immediate thrombolysis resistance (iTR) in patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT), defined as thrombosis involving the femoral or more proximal veins, with or without concomitant popliteal vein involvement, and to investigate its impact on long-term post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) outcomes.

Methods: This single-center retrospective study reviewed consecutive patients who underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) as first-line therapy. Baseline demographics, clinical history, comorbidities and provoking risk factors for DVT, intraprocedural findings, periprocedural complications, and follow-up outcomes were compared between the iTR and immediate thrombolysis success (iTS) groups.

Impact of the intracellular mechanical microenvironment of breast cancer and normal mammary epithelial cells on magnetic hyperthermia of FeO nanoparticles.

Magnetic hyperthermia has been widely investigated as a promising cancer treatment modality. Efficient heat generation by magnetic nanoparticles under an alternating magnetic field (AMF) is critical for therapeutic efficacy. While extracellular conditions in the tumor microenvironment are considered key determinants of heat generation, the impact of the intracellular microenvironment has received less attention.

Thermosensitive liposomal nanomedicine-functionalized photothermal composite scaffolds for light-guided cancer therapy.

In breast cancer treatment, the elimination of residual cancer cells in a sustainable and controllable manner to prevent recurrence remains a critical challenge in postoperative adjuvant therapy. In this study, a novel implantable therapeutic composite scaffold platform (ALA@lipo/Au/Gel/PGA) was developed based on a porous scaffold composed of biocompatible gelatin and polyglutamic acid (PGA). This platform incorporated the photothermal agent Au nanorods (AuNRs) and thermosensitive liposomes encapsulated with the photosensitizer precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA).

The impact of corporate social responsibility on employee safety citizenship behavior in Chinese gas sector.

Drawing upon the Affective Events Theory (AET), we exam how and under what conditions corporate social responsibility (CSR) in gas companies relates to more employee safety citizenship behavior (SCB). In Study 1, a scenario-based experiment involving 481 gas company employees revealed that CSR initiatives positively influenced employee gratitude and SCB. Furthermore, the interaction between CSR and performance pressure significantly enhanced both employee gratitude and SCB.

Stem cell therapy for diabetes: Advances, prospects, and challenges.

Diabetes mellitus, a global epidemic, represents a major public health threat. Stem cell therapy, with its regenerative capacity, has emerged as a promising approach for diabetes mellitus management. This paper reviews recent advancements, prospects, and challenges in stem cell-based treatments for diabetes mellitus, focusing on the applications of induced pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells, the development of pancreatic islet organoids, and the potential for personalized medicine.

[Ecosystem Services Assessment and Network Optimization Under Multiple Scenario Simulations in the Karst Area of Southeast Yunnan].

Global climate change and economic growth have altered land use structures， impacting ecosystem services and spatial distributions. The Southeast Yunnan karst region， with its fragile ecological environment and diverse land use types， has become a focal area of research. Utilizing multi-scenario simulations， this study evaluates the impacts of future land use changes on ecosystem services and optimizes the ecological network， aiming to provide scientific guidance for regional ecological protection and sustainable development.

Inverse association between dietary fiber intake and gallstone disease in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database.

Background: The cross-sectional association of dietary fiber intake with gallstone disease in United States adults remains to be comprehensively elucidated.

Methods: We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2017-2023. The assessment of dietary fiber intake was derived from 24-h dietary recalls.

Advanced Cancer Immunotherapy via SMARCAL1 Blockade Using a Glucose-Responsive CRISPR Nanovaccine.

Cancer immunotherapy that activates the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway to resist tumors has recently attracted considerable attention. However, STING activation can induce opposing interferon functions that contribute to T-cell exhaustion via programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). In particular, effectively using the immune system to combat tumors remains a substantial challenge due to tumor immunosuppressive factors such as SMARCAL1.

The Nuclear Transcription Factor Regulates the Protrusion of Tomato Fruit Tip.

NF-Y transcriptional regulators play crucial roles in diverse biological processes in plants, primarily through the formation of NF-Y complexes that bind to specific DNA motifs. These complexes modulate the expression of downstream genes, which influence plant development and growth. In our research, the function of the NF-Y family C subunit member gene in tomato was investigated with the CRISPR/Cas9 method.

Unveiling the genetic basis of floral scent formation in roses using weighted gene co-expression and protein-protein interaction network analyses.

Rosa species hold considerable economic and medicinal importance, used in traditional medicine, essential oils, and landscaping. However, the mechanisms of floral scent formation in roses are not well understood, hindering genetic improvement. To bridge this gap, we conducted a combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis, identifying nine key fragrance compounds.

Bioinspired Hyperboloid Mechanical Metamaterial for Shock Absorption and Strain Regulation in Cartilage Remodeling.

Inspired by the shock-absorbing capabilities of natural insect elytra, a hyperboloid lattice metamaterial exhibiting unique compression-torsion coupling behavior is designed and fabricated. This structure efficiently converts dynamic loads into strain energy, enabling high-strain elastic deformation. The hyperboloid lattice is integrated with a classic reticulation framework and filled with GelMA hydrogel, creating a tailored osteochondral scaffold with mechanical properties that closely match those of joint tissue.

Transforming surgical planning and procedures through the synergistic use of additive manufacturing, advanced materials and artificial intelligence: challenges and opportunities.

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a powerful approach in healthcare to augment the functionalities of patient-specific medical products and surgical tools. One such area of the healthcare industry is surgical planning and procedures, where the benefits of AM can revolutionize the industry. AM technologies, commonly known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, can change the conventional surgical methodology from the "open-detect-operate-close" mode to the "detect-open-operate-close" mode.

Targeting CD16A on NK cells and GPC3 in hepatocellular carcinoma: development and functional validation of a therapeutic bispecific antibody.

Introduction: Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses significant therapeutic challenges due to chemotherapy resistance and limited efficacy of current targeted therapies. To address this unmet need, we developed a bispecific antibody (BsAb) platform targeting CD16A on natural killer (NK) cells and glypican-3 (GPC3), a tumor-specific antigen overexpressed in 70% of HCC cases.

Methods: High-affinity anti-CD16A single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) were selected via phage display, followed by engineering of Fc-stabilized BsAbs (MA4-hFc(N297A)-CD16A series) to minimize FcγR-mediated toxicity.

Land use and climate change-based multi-scenario simulation of ecosystem service trade-offs/synergies: A case study of the central Yunnan urban agglomeration, China.

Exploring Land use and climate change-based multi-scenario simulation of ecosystem service trade-offs/synergies is of great importance to regional ecological security and sustainable development. Taking the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration (CYUA) as a case study, six different scenarios of LULC-RCP were established to quantitatively assess four key ecosystem services(ESs) of water yield (WY), carbon stock (CS), soil conservation (SR) and habitat quality (HQ) with multiple objective programming and patch-generating land use simulation(MOP-PLUS) and integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs (InVEST) models. The ESs were revealed regarding spatio-temporal trade-offs/synergies using Spearman correlation and geographically weighted regression (GWR).

Spatiotemporal Regulation of STING Activity by Linear Ubiquitination Governs Antiviral Immunity.

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon gene protein (STING) signaling plays a critical role in innate immunity and must be tightly regulated to maintain immune homeostasis, but the mechanism underlying the spatiotemporal regulation of this pathway remains largely elusive. Here, it is shown that during DNA viral infection, the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) and ovarian tumor deubiquitinase with linear linkage specificity (OTULIN) reversibly catalyze the linear ubiquitination of STING. At the early stage of the infection, LUBAC promotes STING linear ubiquitination to drive its trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus through binding to the Sec24b subunit of the coat protein complex II (COPII) complex.

Harnessing delta-like ligand 3: bridging biomarker discovery to next-generation immunotherapies in refractory small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), accounting for 10-20% of lung cancers, remains one of the most aggressive neuroendocrine malignancies, with fewer than 7% of patients surviving beyond five years. While the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to platinum-based chemotherapy has modestly improved outcomes, long-term benefits are limited to a subset of patients, highlighting the critical need for reliable biomarkers and innovative therapies. Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3), a Notch signaling regulator overexpressed in 70-80% of SCLC tumors, has emerged as a simultaneous biomarker and therapeutic target.

MSFusion: A multi-source hybrid feature fusion network for accurate grading of invasive breast cancer using H&E-stained histopathological images.

Invasive breast cancer (IBC) is a prevalent malignant tumor in women, and precise grading plays a pivotal role in ensuring effective treatment and enhancing survival rates. However, accurately grading IBC presents a significant challenge due to its heterogeneous nature and the need to harness the complementary information from multiple nuclei sources in histopathology images. To tackle this critical problem, we introduce a novel multi-source hybrid feature fusion network named MSFusion.

Solar-light-driven inactivation of toxigenic Microcystis by floating photocatalytic mesh system: Insights on physiological mechanism and application.

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) pose serious ecological and health risks with releasing waterborne toxins. In this study, a novel floating BiWO-based photocatalytic mesh (BPM) system was developed for efficient water purification by targeting the inactivation of HABs-dominated Microcystis and detoxification of associated microcystins (MCs) under solar light irradiation. The superior flotation, durability and sunlight utilization of the BPM system were achieved by its super-hydrophobic surface, robust stainless-steel mesh carrier, and efficient light transmission, respectively.

Advances in cardiac ultrasound speckle tracking technology for assessing left ventricular systolic function after adjuvant radiotherapy following breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer.

Breast-conserving surgery is a widely used treatment for breast cancer, often followed by adjuvant therapy such as adjuvant paclitaxel and trastuzumab (APT). While APT effectively reduces local recurrence and distant metastasis, it may also impair left ventricular systolic function. Speckle tracking imaging (STI) is a noninvasive ultrasound technique that quantitatively evaluates overall cardiac function.

Decoding Consumer-Perceived Risks in China's C-end Online Purchasing Pre-made Dishes: A Quality Safety Risk Identification Model Based on Grounded Theory.

The COVID-19 pandemic has driven a significant shift in Chinese society from restaurant 'takeaway' to contactless online purchases of pre-made dishes, raising concerns about their quality safety. This study aims to identify the quality safety risk factors of pre-made dishes purchased online and construct a comprehensive risk identification framework. Using Python, textual data from consumer reviews of the top 50 pre-made dishes on four major e-commerce platforms (Taobao, JD.

YEATS2: a novel cancer epigenetic reader and potential therapeutic target.

YEATS2, an evolutionarily conserved reader of histone acylation marks (H3K27ac, H3K27cr, H3K27bz), functions as a central oncogenic driver in diverse cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its structurally plastic YEATS domain bridges acyl-CoA metabolism to chromatin remodeling, amplifying transcription of survival genes such as MYC, BCL2, and PD-L1. YEATS2 orchestrates malignancy-specific programs-sustaining ribosome biogenesis in NSCLC through ATAC complex recruitment, enhancing NF-κB-dependent immune evasion in PDAC, and activating PI3K/AKT-driven metabolic rewiring in HCC.

Nanoarchitectonics for Pentagon Defects in Carbon: Properties and Catalytic Role in Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a crucial process in electrochemical energy technologies, featuring fuel cells and metal-air batteries in the coming carbon-neutral society. Carbon materials have garnered significant attention as economical, sustainable alternatives to precious metal catalysts. In particular, there have been increasing reports recently that pentagons introduced into graphitic carbons promote catalytic activity for ORR.