SKDF: A Simple Knowledge Distillation Framework for Distilling Open-Vocabulary Knowledge to Open-world Object Detector.

Open World Object Detection (OWOD) is a novel computer vision task with a considerable challenge, bridging the gap between classic object detection (OD) and real-world object detection. In addition to detecting and classifying seen/known objects, OWOD algorithms are expected to localize all potential unseen/unknown objects and incrementally learn them. The large pre-trained vision-language grounding models (VLM, e.

Latent Profiles in Herpes Zoster Vaccine Hesitancy among Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shanghai, China.

Background: Herpes zoster (HZ) poses health risks for adults aged ≥50. Despite vaccine effectiveness, uptake remains low due to hesitancy. This study explored heterogeneity in HZ vaccine hesitancy using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), guided by the 5C model.

3D imaging of underwater scanning photon counting lidar based on multiscale spatio-temporal resolution.

This manuscript presents an underwater scanning photon counting lidar system specifically designed for the 3D imaging of underwater targets. A multiscale spatio-temporal resolution method is proposed to enhance the accuracy and resolution of 3D scanning imaging. Signal extraction is achieved through macro pulse accumulation number and macro time resolution, based on the spatio-temporal correlation constrained by relative signal intensity difference factor.

Exploring community health workers' perspectives on recommending influenza vaccination to older adults: a phenomenological study.

Background: Influenza endangers older adults' health and is preventable through vaccination, yet coverage remains suboptimal. Although community health workers (CHWs) are essential to promote influenza vaccine uptake, limited research examines their recommendation behaviours. This study examines the characteristics of CHWs' influenza vaccination recommendation behaviours by investigating their lived experiences and perceptions.

Mapping Behavioral and Social Drivers of Influenza Vaccine Uptake in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.

Influenza vaccination plays a crucial role in reducing morbidity and mortality among older adults; however, uptake remains suboptimal, particularly in the post-COVID-19 pandemic. In many settings, countries have not recovered their influenza vaccine coverage rates to the same level as pre-COVID. Therefore, this scoping review systematically identified the behavioral and social drivers (BeSD) influencing influenza vaccination among older adults using the BeSD framework.

Oxidative stress modulation in alcohol-related liver disease: From chinese botanical drugs to exercise-based interventions.

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a chronic liver injury caused by long-term excessive alcohol consumption, with complex and multifaceted pathological mechanisms. Research indicates that oxidative stress (OS), inflammatory responses, and lipid metabolic disturbances induced by alcohol and its metabolites are primary contributors to hepatocyte injury, positioning OS as a key target in ALD treatment. The main non-pharmacological treatment for ALD is alcohol abstinence, while medical treatment primarily relies on Western pharmacological interventions.

Aerobic Exercise Alleviates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Inhibition of Ferroptosis.

Introduction: Doxorubicin (DOX), a potent anthracycline, is widely used in cancer therapy, but its effect is limited by doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Increasing evidence suggests that DIC is associated with ferroptosis, a cell death characterized by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides. Although aerobic exercise is recommended for chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction, the extent to which its protective effects against DIC are mediated through the inhibition of ferroptosis remains largely unclear.

Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation Enhances Substrate Metabolism, Exercise Efficiency and Reduces Post-Exercise Fatigue in Active Young Males.

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs, isoleucine, leucine, and valine) are commonly applied to promote muscle protein synthesis. However, the effects of BCAAs on exercise-induced substrate metabolism, performance and post-exercise fatigue during endurance exercise remain unclear. In a double-blind cross-over design, eleven active males completed 1 h of constant load exercise (CLE) at 60% VOmax power followed by a time to exhaustion (TTE) test at 80% VOmax power after supplementation with BCAAs or placebo on consecutive three days.

Relationships between health personality and death anxiety: mediating role of death coping self-efficacy among Chinese clinical medical freshmen.

Background: Death anxiety in physicians is considered to be a possible factor affecting the quality of palliative care. As the reserve force of future medical careers, the level of death anxiety among clinical medical freshmen and its impact mechanism deserves attention. Previous studies have indicated that personality traits and self-efficacy may be factors influencing death anxiety.

Understanding the Patient Experience with Twice-Nightly Sodium Oxybate Therapy for Narcolepsy: A Social Listening Experiment.

Background/objectives: Narcolepsy is a chronic neurologic disorder associated with substantial challenges that affect the social, emotional, and financial quality-of-life domains. A social listening analysis and structured survey were conducted to better understand the candid perspective of people with narcolepsy (PWN) and their experience with twice-nightly sodium oxybate (SXB).

Methods: To characterize conversations and experiences in narcolepsy communities where SXB was mentioned, a social media analysis was conducted from August 2011 to October 2022.

Treatment strategies for smartphone addiction: efficacy study of transcranial direct current stimulation and exergaming.

Objective: Smartphone addiction is on the rise globally. This study aimed to compare the rehabilitative effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and exergames on smartphone addiction among college students. Additionally, we discussed the central mechanisms through changes in electroencephalography (EEG) to provide clinical insights.

Macrophage P2YR activation aggravates psoriatic inflammation through IL-27-mediated Th1 responses.

Purinergic signaling plays a causal role in the modulation of immune inflammatory response in the course of psoriasis, but its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. As a member of purinoceptors, P2YR mainly distributed in macrophages was significantly up-expressed in skin lesions from patients with psoriasis in the present study. Here, the severity of psoriasis was alleviated in imiquimod-treated mice with macrophages conditional knockout of P2YR, while the cell-chat algorithm showed there was a correlation between macrophage P2YR and Th1 cells mediated by IL-27.

Clinical nurses' legal roles, challenges, and responses to enabling legislation in China: a qualitative study.

Background: With the surge in China's registered nurse population, defining their rights and responsibilities is crucial for ensuring the quality of medical services. However, challenges such as unresolved medical disputes and unclear duties persist due to the inadequacy and lack of transparency in current nursing laws and policies. This study evaluated nurses' legal awareness, legislative needs, and views on laws and policies affecting their practice, providing insights for future improvements in nursing legislation.

Understanding herpes zoster vaccine hesitancy and information asymmetry: a qualitative study in China.

Background: Herpes zoster is more prevalent among the older adult due to the age-related immune decline, leading to significant pain and complications. Although vaccination effectively prevents viral infections, vaccine hesitancy remains a major barrier to achieving high vaccination rates.To address this, we conducted a qualitative survey using Vaccine Hesitancy Determinants Matrix and 5C model to understand and improve vaccination rates in this group.

Comparing the efficacy of exercise therapy on adult flexible flatfoot individuals through a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of different exercise interventions for adult flexible flatfoot. Nine databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), SCOPUS, PRDro, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and Wanfang data) were systematically searched from their inception until February 2024. The search resulted in 2112 records, with 11 studies included.

Risk Factors Affecting the Outcomes of CT-Guided Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation of the T3 Sympathetic Nerve in the Treatment of Craniofacial Hyperhidrosis.

Background: Current studies mostly suggest that hyperhidrosis is caused by relative sympathetic hyperactivity. Sympathetic radiofrequency thermocoagulation is widely used in clinics. Previous studies have demonstrated that surgery at T3 is effective and safe compared with higher levels, so craniofacial hyperhidrosis in our hospital is selected to be treated at T3.

Unraveling Herpes Zoster Vaccine Hesitancy, Acceptance, and Its Predictors: Insights From a Scoping Review.

Objectives: Herpes zoster vaccination is critical in preventing herpes zoster virus infection and its associated consequences. Despite its relevance, global herpes zoster immunisation coverage remains alarmingly low. Understanding the factors that drive vaccine scepticism and acceptance is crucial for increasing immunisation rates and improving public health outcomes.

Insulin resistance and its relationship with long-term exposure to ozone: Data based on a national population cohort.

The relationship of ozone (O), particularly the long-term exposure, with impacting metabolic homeostasis in population was understudied and under-recognised. Here, we used data from ChinaHEART, a nationwide, population-based cohort study, combined with O and PM concentration data with high spatiotemporal resolution, to explore the independent association of exposure to O with the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR). Among the 271 540 participants included, the crude prevalence of IR was 39.

Exploring exercise-driven exerkines: unraveling the regulation of metabolism and inflammation.

Exercise has many beneficial effects that provide health and metabolic benefits. Signaling molecules are released from organs and tissues in response to exercise stimuli and are widely termed exerkines, which exert influence on a multitude of intricate multi-tissue processes, such as muscle, adipose tissue, pancreas, liver, cardiovascular tissue, kidney, and bone. For the metabolic effect, exerkines regulate the metabolic homeostasis of organisms by increasing glucose uptake and improving fat synthesis.

Material Design of Ultra-Thin InN/GaN Superlattices for a Long-Wavelength Light Emission.

GaN heterostructure is a promising material for next-generation optoelectronic devices, and Indium gallium nitride (InGaN) has been widely used in ultraviolet and blue light emission. However, its applied potential for longer wavelengths still requires exploration. In this work, the ultra-thin InN/GaN superlattices (SL) were designed for long-wavelength light emission and investigated by first-principles simulations.

Glycolytic enzyme Enolase-1 regulates insulin gene expression in pancreatic β-cell.

Enolase-1 (Eno1) plays a critical role in regulating glucose metabolism; however, its specific impact on pancreatic islet β-cells remains elusive. This study aimed to provide a preliminary exploration of Eno1 function in pancreatic islet β-cells. The findings revealed that the expression of ENO1 mRNA in type 2 diabetes donors was significantly increased and positively correlated with HbA1C and negatively correlated with insulin gene expression.

Graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) induce behavioral disorders via the disturbance of kynurenine pathway in zebrafish larvae.

The emergence of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) expands the use of graphene derivatives in nanomedicine for its direct therapeutic applications in treating neurodegeneration, inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and among others. Nevertheless, the biosafety assessment of GQDs remains deficient mostly because of the diverse surface characteristics of the nanoparticles. Our prior work demonstrated that GQDs can induce strong thigmotactic effects in zebrafish larvae over a wide range of concentrations, yet the underlying metabolic mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Pre-fusion motion state determines the heterogeneity of membrane fusion dynamics for large dense-core vesicles.

Aim: In neuroendocrine cells, large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs) undergo highly regulated pre-fusion processes before releasing hormones via membrane fusion. Significant heterogeneity has been found for LDCV population based on the dynamics of membrane fusion. However, how the pre-fusion status impacts the heterogeneity of LDCVs still remains unclear.