Acute kidney injury: pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent clinical condition that is associated with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality, as well as the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The pathogenesis of AKI is highly complex and heterogeneous, primarily attributed to metabolic disturbances arising from the disease itself and the administration of medications related to treatment. In recent years, AKI in cancer patients is highly concerned.

Room-Temperature Ferroelectricity in Ultra-Thin p-Type BiCuSeO Films.

Atomically thin 2D layered ferroelectric semiconductors, where polarization switching transpires within the channel material itself, are pivotal to advancing the next generation of high-performance electronics. Nevertheless, the challenge remains in either the controllable synthesis of films or the manipulation of associated ferroelectricity. Here, 2D p-type BiCuSeO (BCSO) films with a thickness down to ≈3 nm are successfully synthesized using molecular beam epitaxy.

A cough detection method based on the conformer-BiLSTM model.

Cough is a common symptom of respiratory disease, and its detection is a basic step in cough sound analysis. Manual cough sound segmentation is tedious, subjective, and inefficient. Cough sounds from real-world scenarios can be collected in various environments using different devices, making cough event detection more difficult.

Mental health status of secondary school students: a meta-analysis of comparative studies between one-child and multi-child families in China.

Introduction: Mental health problems are common among secondary school students. However, when comparing one-child and multi-child families, the findings on the mental health of students are mixed. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to compare the mental health status between secondary school students from one-child and multi-child families in China.

Deciphering the mechanistic landscape of formic acid dehydrogenation with the heterobimetallic Ir(III)-Ni(II) catalyst.

Heterobimetallic catalysts have garnered significant attention due to their potential to achieve synergistic effects in catalytic transformations. However, the mechanistic complexity arising from the interactions between distinct metal centers and multifunctional ligands poses substantial challenges for rational catalyst design. This study systematically investigates the reaction mechanism of Ir(III)-Ni(II) heterobimetallic complexes in the catalytic dehydrogenation of formic acid through density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Elucidation of cellulose swelling behavior in ZnCl-based inorganic salt hydrate and its application in tailoring functional specialty paper.

Novel cellulose solvents, including polybasic inorganic salt hydrates (ISH), have been exploited for cellulose swelling, dissolution and functionalization. The ZnCl-based hydrate is deemed to one of effective cellulose solvents. However, the role of water ratio for tunning cellulose swelling or dissolution remains unclear.

Neuroimaging biomarkers distinguishing medication-naïve adolescents with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder during depressive episodes.

Background: The adolescent period represents a critical window of heightened vulnerability for the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Nevertheless, the neuro-metabolic abnormalities in adolescents with MDD and BD remain incompletely understood, and the early differentiation between MDD and BD in depressive episodes continues to pose significant clinical challenges.

Method: This study involved the recruitment of 60 adolescent MDD, 50 adolescent BD patients in depressed episodes, and 48 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs).

Multi-Scale Spatial Heterogeneity of Liver Fibrosis Evaluated by MR Elastography in Rat Models.

Background: While liver stiffness heterogeneity by MR elastography (MRE) is clinically important, whether MRE reflects multi-scale liver fibrosis heterogeneity and explains histopathological-MRE staging discordance remains unclear.

Purpose: To assess spatial heterogeneity of liver fibrosis at multiple scales using MRE, correlating with histopathology.

Study Type: Prospective.

Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Assessing Histopathological Growth Patterns and Prognosis in Colorectal Liver Metastases.

Background: The desmoplastic histopathological growth pattern (dHGP) of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) is associated with prolonged survival and favorable anti-angiogenic chemotherapy response. However, reliable preoperative identification of dHGP using MRI remains challenging.

Purpose: To develop a dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI)-based model for assessing dHGP probability, facilitating candidate selection for anti-angiogenic neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and prognostic evaluation.

FBP1 as a key regulator of focal adhesion kinase-mediated hepatic stellate cell activation: Multi-omics and experimental validation.

Background: Inhibiting hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is a key therapeutic strategy in liver fibrosis (LF). During activation, aerobic glycolysis is upregulated to meet increased energy demands. Although focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been implicated in regulating HSC glycolysis, its precise role in activation remains unclear.

Predicting geriatric environmental safety perception assessment using LightGBM and SHAP framework.

Global population aging highlights the need to understand how the elderly perceive safety in urban public spaces. This study used image semantic segmentation to identify key visual elements from panoramic images. A dataset was created by combining manual scoring with deep learning to explore how pocket park environments impact older adults' safety perceptions.

MIR124 polygenic risk and functional connectivity of the striatum in patients with bipolar disorder: mediation by childhood trauma.

Background: Both genetic and environmental factors can influence brain function in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). This study aimed to investigate the aberrant functional connectivity (FC) of the striatum and its relationship with the polygenic risk score (PRS) of MicroRNA-124 (MIR124) and experiences of childhood trauma.

Methods: The study recruited 80 patients with BD and 54 healthy controls (HCs).

[Mechanism related to bile acids metabolism of liver injury induced by long-term administration of emodin].

Emodin is a hydroxyanthraquinone compound that is widely distributed and has multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, and liver-protective effects. Research indicates that emodin may be one of the main components responsible for inducing hepatotoxicity. However, studies on the mechanisms of liver injury are relatively limited, particularly those related to bile acids(BAs) metabolism.

Subgraph entropy based network approaches for classifying bipolar disorder from resting-state magnetoencephalography.

Currently, bipolar disorder diagnosis is primarily based on clinical interviews. Magnetoencephalography signals reflect changes in the brain's magnetic field induced by neuronal activity. As a result, the combination of magnetoencephalography and network science holds great promise for identifying bipolar disorder biomarkers.

Compensation for X-linked Pdha1 silencing by Pdha2 is essential for meiotic double-strand break repair in spermatogenesis.

It is known that various testis-specific mitochondrial proteins are associated with energy metabolism and male meiosis. PDHA2 is a testis-specific mitochondrial protein, and its encoding gene is speculated to be an autosomal retrogene of the progenitor X-linked Pdha1. Here, we show that Pdha2 knockout (KO) mice exhibit azoospermia due to failure at the late pachytene-diplotene transition.

Prediction of piezoelectric properties of NBT-based ceramics based on deep neural networks.

In recent years, the rapid advancement of materials science has underscored the significance and complexity of understanding and optimizing the properties of piezoelectric materials. Traditional analytical methods have encountered difficulties in addressing the challenges posed by variable material compositions and intricate processing conditions. However, deep neural networks (DNNs) present new opportunities in this field due to their robust capabilities in nonlinear data processing and pattern recognition.

Exploring the Role of Cuproptosis-related Genes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Through WGCNA, Single-cell Sequencing and Experiments.

Background: Cuproptosis, a newly discovered form of programmed cell death, has potential implications for tumorigenesis and cancer progression. This study investigates the role of cuproptosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and identifies associated biomarkers using bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing. Despite recent advances, the mechanisms of cuproptosis in AML remain unclear, and its relationship with immune cell infiltration could reveal novel therapeutic targets.

Epigenetic modulation of odontoblast differentiation: implications for regenerative endodontics.

Objective: Conventional restoration of dentine loss relies on the use of inert or bioactive materials that fail to replicate the resilience of natural tissue. Odontoblasts are essential for dentine formation and its structural integrity. Hence, understanding the molecular signals that control odontoblastic differentiation is essential for developing regenerative endodontic strategies.

Design a bistable polymeric vascular stent (BPVS) and evaluate the biomechanical properties.

Background And Objectives: Polymeric vascular stents generally have the disadvantages of poor biomechanical properties, which may not achieve the therapeutic purpose of supporting the blocked vascular vessels to restore normal blood flow. The bistable structure depending on the two stable configurations seems to improve the weak strength of stents. This paper mainly designs a polymeric vascular stent with bistable structure to enhance the radial force, and reduce the radial recoil and wall shear stress.

Combining decitabine with radiotherapy to enhance nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiosensitivity via the TFAP2C-OTUD1-SLC25A11 axis.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignancy in certain geographic regions, with radiotherapy serving as the primary treatment. Recent research shows that epigenetics and deubiquitinases (DUBs) are crucial in NPC progression and treatment response. However, the emergence of radioresistance in NPC cells presents a significant challenge, often resulting in treatment failure.

Prevalence of depression and cognitive impairment and their inter-relationship and association with quality of life among older stroke survivors: the findings of a national survey in China.

Background: Post-stroke depression (PSD) and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) are prevalent neuropsychiatric problems that are associated with high disability burden and low quality of life (QoL). This study explored the PSD-PSCI network, along with the interaction and association with QoL among Chinese older stroke survivors.

Methods: Data from the 2017-2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey were obtained to investigate the inter-relationship between PSD and PSCI among older stroke survivors.

Autophagy induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis aggravates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via YAP/TAZ-miR-21-5p axis.

Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a keystone pathogen in adult periodontitis, is linked to an increased risk of many cancers. Although autophagy stimulated by P.

Application Advances of Lentiviral Vectors: From Gene Therapy to Vaccine Development.

Since their development in the 1990s, the applications of lentiviral vectors have rapidly extended to the fields of gene and cancer therapy, as well as vaccine development, owing to their unique advantages of efficiently transducing both dividing and nondividing cells and achieving stable and long-term expression of genes. However, with their clinical application, potential safety issues have emerged, such as the possibility of insertional oncogenesis, immune reactions, and tumorigenesis, which have attracted widespread attention from the academic and clinical communities. In this review, we thoroughly explore the strategies used to optimize lentiviral vectors and assess their potential benefits and risks in different fields.

Aflatoxin B1 and Eimeria ovinoidalis impairs meat quality of sheep by regulating the HIF-1ɑ/HK2/glycolysis axis.

Mutton consumption is increasing due to its abundant nutritional elements and flavorful taste. However, sheep breeding is inevitably influenced by various factors, including feed mycotoxin contamination and parasitic infection. In this study, we investigated the effect of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Eimeria ovinoidalis (EO) on sheep meat quality following a two-week treatment.