Nutritional Immunity in Wound Infection: Unveiling the Role of Dietary Elements in Host-Pathogen Interaction.

Nutritional immunity is an essential defense process by which the host restricts the supply of critical micronutrients to invading pathogens, thus hindering their survival and growth. During wound infections, this mechanism is instrumental in determining the course of host-pathogen interactions. This article discusses the pathophysiology of wound infection, beginning with the classification of wounds as acute and chronic wounds, and emphasizes how compromised epithelial barriers and chronic inflammation provide a niche for microbial colonization.

Dual-pathological cascade delivery of apoptotic vesicles for targeted therapy in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Achieving effective drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy poses significant challenges in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Here, we developed a dual-pathological cascade delivery system utilizing therapeutic mesenchymal stem cell-derived apoptotic vesicles (ApoVs). These vesicles are engineered with MMP13-responsive cell-penetrating peptides (MR-ApoVs) for targeted modulation of senescence.

Factors influencing the birth weight of ART-conceived offspring.

Since the birth of the first infant conceived through assisted reproductive technology (ART) in 1978, over 10 million individuals worldwide have been born using these methods. ART has offered hope to many facing infertility. However, concerns remain regarding potential health risks in ART-conceived offspring.

Automatic generation and risk stratification of carotid plaque in virtual shear wave elastography using a generative adversarial network.

Shear wave elastography (SWE) is an effective ultrasound imaging technique for assessing carotid plaque vulnerability. However, acquiring SWE images typically requires costly specialized equipment and must be performed by experienced radiologists, which limits its accessibility, especially in remote areas. To address these limitations, we propose a workflow involving two neural networks: a U-Transformer-ConvNeXt model for the segmentation of carotid plaque in B-mode ultrasound images, and a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based model for generating virtual SWE (V-SWE) images, which eliminates the need for physical SWE acquisition.

The impact of deep brain stimulation payment adjustments on healthcare utilization in Shanghai, China: a regression discontinuity analysis of health insurance claims.

Background And Objectives: Recently, the financial burden on medical insurance funds has increased rapidly. The policy effects of paying for innovation await scientific measurement. This study uses DBS, a high-value medical product, as an example to quantify the causal effect of insurance coverage changes on healthcare utilization, informing global value-based payment strategies.

Evaluation of the performance of large language models in endoscopic lumbar surgery: a comparative analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of three large language models (LLMs)-ChatGPT o1-preview, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, and Gemini 1.5 Pro-in providing information on endoscopic lumbar surgery based on 10 frequently asked patient questions.

Changing Burden, Risk Factors, and Projections of Low Back Pain in Adolescents and Young Adults: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Study Design: Ecological study.

Objective: To illustrate the spatiotemporal trends, attributable risk factors, and the projected burden of LBP among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15-39 years.

Summary Of Background Data: Low back pain (LBP) poses a considerable challenge to individuals and society, and current epidemiological trends in AYAs experiencing LBP remain to be explored.

Gastrointestinal Management Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Protocol Improves Postoperative Recovery in Patients Undergoing Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Study designRetrospective Study.ObjectivesPostoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction (POGD) adversely affects patient outcomes. ERAS protocols can improve postoperative outcomes by optimizing gastrointestinal (GI) function.

Prognostic value of the triglyceride-glucose index for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.

Objective: We are committed to demonstrating that the initial triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index possesses prognostic importance for patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

Methods: 354 patients who utilized continuous CAPD at Wuhan No.1 Hospital were recruited.

A novel pre-contoured V-shaped rod in one-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy for the treatment of rigid lumbar kyphosis caused by ankylosing spondylitis: technical note and case series.

Purpose: To introduce and evaluate the feasibility of one-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) combined with pre-contoured V-shaped rods in the treatment of spinal kyphosis deformity caused by ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: Five patients from ages 33 to 47 years old with progressive spinal kyphosis caused by AS underwent one-level PSO, combined with pre-contoured V-shaped rods. Further technical modifications included a PEEK cage, enhanced positioning device, and enlarged osteotomy area.

Associations between meteorological factors and pregnancy complications during different pregnancy trimesters: a multicenter retrospective study in eastern China.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the effects of ambient temperature on the risk of pregnancy complications. However, the associations between multiple meteorological factors and pregnancy complications have rarely been studied.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective study on the impacts of meteorological factors on pregnancy complications in different trimesters in Ningbo, China, from 2013-2023.

Automatic Multi-Task Segmentation and Vulnerability Assessment of Carotid Plaque on Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Images and Videos via Deep Learning.

Intraplaque neovascularization (IPN) within carotid plaque is a crucial indicator of plaque vulnerability. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a valuable tool for assessing IPN by evaluating the location and quantity of microbubbles within the carotid plaque. However, this task is typically performed by experienced radiologists.

Effectiveness of community health management for hypertensive patients under the medical alliance in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The prevalence of hypertension in China has been increasing, imposing a heavy burden on premature mortality and catastrophic healthcare expenditure. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of community health management on blood pressure control for hypertensive patients under the medical alliance, a model of integrated care in China.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, three English databases and three Chinese databases were searched from January 2010 to March 2024, with two reviewers involved in the screening, data extraction, quality assessment, and narrative synthesis with characteristics and interventions.

Identification and validation of cellular senescence-related genes and immune cell infiltration characteristics in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Objective: To identify cell senescence-related genes and immune cell infiltration characteristics in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) using bioinformatics and investigate their biological functions and signaling pathways.

Methods: GSE56081 and GSE23130 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The former was used for the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the latter was used as the validation set.

Explainable AI assisted vertebral refracture diagnosis after percutaneous vertebroplasty through effective feature engineering and stacked ensemble learning.

Background And Objective: To develop and validate a machine learning model based on stacking ensemble learning and feature selection strategies to predict vertebral refracture risk after percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Methods: Clinical data from osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) patients treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty were retrospectively collected. Preprocessing steps included outlier removal, feature encoding, normalization, and Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) for dataset balancing.

Increased CCL18 expression infers a poor prognosis in glioblastoma multiforme and promotes U-87 MG cell proliferation and migration: A retrospective cohort study.

This study aims to investigate the role of C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 18 (CCL18) in glioblastoma multiforme tissues. Glioblastoma multiforme-related gene expression, clinical parameters, and the corresponding expression data in normal tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and The Genotype-Tissue Expression database, respectively. The expression levels of CCL18 in 1157 normal tissues, 166 glioblastoma multiforme tissues and its relationship with clinicopathological features were analyzed.

Orthostatic intolerance following posterior lumbar interbody fusion: incidence, risk factors, and impact on postoperative recovery: a prospective cohort study.

Background Context: Despite the well-established consensus about the importance of early ambulation, the causes of orthostatic intolerance and its impact on patient recovery after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) remain poorly understood.

Purpose: To determine the incidence of orthostatic intolerance and relevant risk factors after PLIF in an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program.

Study Design: A prospective observational cohort study.

Intrauterine infusion of autologous endometrial stem cells for the treatment of moderate and severe intrauterine adhesions: a before-and-after study.

Background: Intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) can easily cause female infertility or recurrent abortion, but there is still no effective treatment to improve the pregnancy and live birth rates in patients with IUAs. In recent years, great advances have been made in stem cell therapy; however, additional clarity is needed on the clinical efficacy of endometrial stem cells in the treatment of IUAs.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen patients with moderate-to-severe IUAs were included in the study at Xiangtan Central Hospital from 2018 to 2020.

The universal zero markup drug policy and gastric cancer hospitalization expenses: an analysis of trends and influencing factors in Shanghai from 2014 to 2021.

Background: The increasing hospitalization expenses for Gastric Cancer (GC) impose a notable economic burden on society. Although the Chinese government has implemented the Universal Zero Markup Drug Policy (UZMDP) to control the growth of hospitalization expenditures, costs have continued to rise. Identifying the factors influencing the hospitalization expenses of GC patients is crucial.

Analysis of factors influencing attrition among clinical traditional Chinese medical major graduates: based on a discrete choice experiment.

Background: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is essential for promoting health worldwide. Despite governmental support, TCM faces critical challenges, including workforce shortages and high attrition rates, with many clinical TCM graduates pursuing non-clinical careers. This study aims to explore the employment preferences of these graduates and to propose strategies for retaining TCM professionals, optimizing the input-output ratio of TCM education, and supporting the sustainable development of the TCM industry.

Job preferences among traditional Chinese medicine clinical graduates in China: a discrete choice experiment.

Background: Primary-level Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) healthcare institutions are currently facing a severe shortage of TCM professionals, highlighting the urgent need to explore the job preferences of TCM clinical graduates. This study aimed to investigate the stated job preferences of TCM clinical graduates when seeking employment.

Methods: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted to assess the employment preferences of TCM clinical graduates from 16 TCM universities across China.

Current status and prospects of robot-assisted spine surgery.

Introduction: Traditional spine surgery is frequently impeded by a number of challenges, including the complexity of the underlying anatomy, the depth of the surgical locations, and the limited visibility. These factors can collectively result in prolonged operation times and a reduction in the precision. The advent of robot-assisted spine surgery has brought about a transformative solution, particularly in the context of screw placement.

Clinical and Radiological Comparison of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic and Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy in the Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Degenerative Disease.

Objective: Unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy (UBE) is an emerging and minimally invasive surgeryfor lumbar spinal degenerative disease. However, the efficacy, safety and the radiological changes of dural sac and paraspinal muscle of UBE compared with the conventional percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) remains to be determined. The purpose of the study was to comprehensively compare the clinical efficacy between UBE and PTED in the surgical treatment of lumbar spinal degenerative disease.