DNA methylation signature of oxidative stress and its mediating role in response to metal exposure.

Metal exposure could induce oxidative stress, yet the underlying epigenetic mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to investigate the DNA methylation signatures associated with oxidative stress biomarkers, including 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHdG) and 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), and evaluate their mediating role in metal-induced oxidative stress. A genome-wide DNA methylation association study was conducted in discovery panel (Shiyan, N = 155) with validation in an independent replication panel (Wuhan-Zhuhai, N = 50).

Polygenic prediction of body mass index and obesity through the life course and across ancestries.

Polygenic scores (PGSs) for body mass index (BMI) may guide early prevention and targeted treatment of obesity. Using genetic data from up to 5.1 million people (4.

Linear and non-linear proteome-wide association studies provide novel insight into venous thromboembolism.

Venous thromboembolism is a life-threatening vascular event with high prevalence and genetic determinants. PWAS has become a popular strategy to identify therapeutic targets of complex diseases. However, the current PWAS model only considers the linear relationship between protein and disease.

Dynamics of Crossed Acquired Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants: From Vaccine to Hybrid Immunity in China.

The immune response to evolving Omicron variants in China, especially after booster doses and breakthrough infections post-Zero-COVID-19 policy, is poorly understood. In a 14-month cohort of 206 adults, baseline assessments were conducted the day before the third COVID-19 vaccine dose (Visit 1), with follow-ups at 1 (Visit 2), 3 (Visit 3), 6 (Visit 4), 9 (Visit 5), and 14 (Visit 6) months after the dose. The lifting of Zero-COVID-19 policy coincided with a surge in Omicron breakthrough infections among our participants, occurring 12 months after the third vaccine dose.

Chromosomal translocations are a significant driver of hybrid sterility in rice.

Hybrid sterility is a major barrier in exploiting hybrid vigor in rice grains produced by crossing distantly related parents. While genetic mechanisms such as the killer-protector system have been extensively studied, novel systems underlying hybrid sterility remain poorly characterized. Here, a novel hybrid sterility system governed by two tightly pseudolinked loci SGA1 (on chromosome 1) and SGA2 (on chromosome 2) is reported, which induces semi-sterility in male and female gametes during hybridization between the indica and japonica subspecies.

Enhanced Trained Immunity in Peripheral Monocytes in Unstable Angina With Elevated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein.

Despite effective secondary prevention for coronary heart diseases, recurrent events remain high. Elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) indicates increased inflammation risk. This study aimed to investigate the trained immunity of circulating monocytes in unstable angina (UA) patients with elevated hsCRP.

Using ventilation hood during cooking reduced household air pollution exposure and brought cardiometabolic and pulmonary health benefits: A community-based, cluster-randomized controlled intervention study.

Trial evidence is lacking from real-world community setting regarding whether use of ventilation hood during cooking could reduce household air pollution exposure and bring health benefits. We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled intervention study of using ventilation hood during cooking at five economically underdeveloped villages in southwest China over an 8-month period, where wood remained the dominant cooking fuel. We assessed changes in personal 24-h PM exposure and indicators of cardiometabolic and pulmonary health pre- to post-intervention among 115 intervention and 60 control participants.

OsBRK1-mediated phosphorylation of OsPFN2 regulates meiotic spindle-actin assembly and rice fertility.

Formation of a meiotic spindle structure is crucial for chromosome segregation and fertility in plants. Previous studies have shown that actin decorates spindle microtubules in mammalian oocytes, forming spindle actin, which is indispensable for genome stability and gamete segregation. However, the regulatory mechanisms that underlie spindle-actin assembly remain unknown.

Sleep patterns and DNA methylation age acceleration in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Background: Sleep is a biological necessity and fundamental to health. However, the associations of sleep patterns (integrating sleep determinants) with DNA methylation age acceleration (DNAm AA) remain unknown. We aimed to investigate the associations of sleep patterns with DNAm AA.

[Urban Ozone Driving Factors Based on Explainable Machine Learning].

Sixteen sites in the coastal city of Qingdao, including eight national control sites, seven provincial control sites, and one background site, were selected. By coupling the extreme gradient boosting （XGBoost） model with the interpretability SHapley Additive exPlanations （SHAP） module, the impact of meteorological elements and atmospheric pollutant emissions on ozone （O） pollution was investigated. The results indicated that from 2019 to 2023, meteorological factors contributed 67.

Inulin Diet Alleviates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Increasing Akkermansia and Improving Intestinal Barrier.

: Previous studies have shown varying efficacy of high-fiber diets containing different ingredients in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). This study aimed to identify which high-fiber diet protects against AAA in mice and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. : This study compared inulin, cellulose, and chow diets in terms of their impact on aneurysm enlargement, elastin degradation, matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 expressions, CD3+ T cell and CD68+ macrophage infiltration, and macrophage differentiation.

Association of Decreased Fecal Microbiota Akkermansia with Increased High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Patients with Unstable Angina.

Background And Objective: Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) serves as a well-established biomarker for assessing cardiovascular inflammation risk. However, the specific intestinal microbiota alteration contributing to increased inflammation remains unclear.

Chromosomal structural variation loci HSS1 and HSS6 lead to hybrid sterility in rice.

Chromosomal structural variation leads to rice hybrid sterility, and this study has established a new inheritance model and offers a novel insight into hybrid sterility in rice. The utilization of heterosis among different species significantly enhances rice yield. However, the direct application of this advantage is hindered by hybrid sterility (HS).

Cis-Regulatory Alterations in FOXP4 Modulate Esophageal Cancer Susceptibility Induced by Chronic Alcohol Exposure.

Unlabelled: Chronic alcohol exposure is a risk factor for developing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). To identify alcohol-responsive genes involved in esophageal carcinogenesis, we employed mouse models to systematically investigate alterations in cis-regulatory elements in the esophageal epithelium across different ethanol exposure durations. A key exposure duration, 16 weeks of exposure to 20% ethanol, corresponded with increased expression of 222 genes that correlated with ESCC progression and were enriched in pathways related to epithelial proliferation and oncogenesis.

Association and predictive value of immunoglobulin and complement levels for incident coronary heart disease: a nested case-control study in Chinese adults.

Aims: To investigate the associations of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) and complement levels with incident coronary heart disease (CHD), and to explore the potential mediating role of C-reactive protein (CRP).

Methods And Results: We measured serum levels of IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM, complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), and CRP in a nested case-control study within the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, consisting of 1605 CHD cases and 1605 age- and sex-matched controls. We quantified the associations of serum Ig and complement levels with incident CHD using conditional logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models.

Estimation of physiological aging based on routine clinical biomarkers: a prospective cohort study in elderly Chinese and the UK Biobank.

Background: Chronological age (CA) does not reflect individual variation in the aging process. However, existing biological age predictors are mostly based on European populations and overlook the widespread nonlinear effects of clinical biomarkers.

Methods: Using data from the prospective Dongfeng-Tongji (DFTJ) cohort of elderly Chinese, we propose a physiological aging index (PAI) based on 36 routine clinical biomarkers to measure aging progress.

OsSRF8 interacts with OsINP1 and OsDAF1 to regulate pollen aperture formation in rice.

In higher plants, mature male gametophytes have distinct apertures. After pollination, pollen grains germinate, and a pollen tube grows from the aperture to deliver sperm cells to the embryo sac, completing fertilization. In rice, the pollen aperture has a single-pore structure with a collar-like annulus and a plug-like operculum.

Identification of biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer by proteomic analysis in two prospective cohorts.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the deadliest malignancy due to late diagnosis. Aberrant alterations in the blood proteome might serve as biomarkers to facilitate early detection of PC. We designed a nested case-control study of incident PC based on a prospective cohort of 38,295 elderly Chinese participants with ∼5.

The RNA binding protein EHD6 recruits the mA reader YTH07 and sequesters OsCOL4 mRNA into phase-separated ribonucleoprotein condensates to promote rice flowering.

N-Methyladenosine (mA) is one of the most abundant modifications of eukaryotic mRNA, but its comprehensive biological functionality remains further exploration. In this study, we identified and characterized a new flowering-promoting gene, EARLY HEADING DATE6 (EHD6), in rice. EHD6 encodes an RNA recognition motif (RRM)-containing RNA binding protein that is localized in the non-membranous cytoplasm ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules and can bind both mA-modified RNA and unmodified RNA indiscriminately.