Shear stress-activated MMP-2 promotes BMSCs migration via the LIMK1/Cofilin axis during vascular remodeling.

Shear stress enhances matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression, which plays a critical role in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) migration and vascular remodeling via microenvironmental interactions with mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs). MAECs were exposed to disturbed flow using a custom flow device for 1, 3, or 5 h, and conditioned media (MAEC-CM) were collected. BMSCs migration in response to different MAEC-CM conditions was assessed by flow cytometry, transwell, and wound-healing assays.

Predictive Value of Substance P for Pulmonary Infection in Patients With Acute Cerebral Infarction During Hospitalization.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of serum substance P (SP) levels at hospital admission for the development of pulmonary infection during hospitalization in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Additionally, the study explored the association between SP levels and the severity of inflammation following pulmonary infection.

Methods: A total of 340 patients with acute cerebral infarction were retrospectively analyzed.

Concentrated Zwitterion Interfaces for Selective Promotion of Electrochemical Hydroxide Oxidation.

The electrode/electrolyte interfacial structure is a seminal component that governs the activity of electrocatalytic water splitting, providing alternative approaches to electrocatalyst design. Herein, we demonstrate that a dense interface constituting of zwitterionic betaine could selectively accelerate the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by 2 orders of magnitude in current. The hygroscopic betaine molecules not only bind water molecules strongly but also endow the underhydrated characteristics of the hydroxide anions that increase their activity coefficient.

Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Mechanism by Which Foam Macrophages Restrict Survival of Intracellular .

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of foam macrophages (FMs) on the intracellular survival of (MTB) and identify the molecular mechanisms influencing MTB survival.

Methods: An FM model was established using oleic acid induction. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were conducted to identify the key molecular pathways involved in FM-mediated MTB survival.

MyD88 Signaling in Sertoli Cells Mediates LPS-Induced Orchitis in Mice.

Orchitis, a prevalent male reproductive disorder that can severely impair fertility and potentially result in infertility. Sertoli cells orchestrate testicular immune responses during orchitis by modulating local inflammation and maintaining blood-testis barrier integrity. While Myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88), a critical adaptor molecule in the TLR4 signaling pathway, is known to mediate immune responses, its cell-specific role in Sertoli cells during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced orchitis remains elusive.

The China Alzheimer Report 2025.

With the sustained growth of the economy and significant changes in social demographics, the issue of elderly-related diseases has increasingly drawn attention, particularly. Alzheimer's disease (AD), as a representative disease of neurodegenerative diseases, has become a major challenge, affecting the health and quality of life of the elderly population severely. In recent years, the incidence, prevalence and mortality rates of AD have increased in China, imposing substantial economic burdens on families, society and the entire healthcare system.

Ultrasound-activated piezoelectric hydrogel scaffold for synergistic immunomodulation and angiogenesis in accelerated wound healing.

Current wound therapies struggle to dynamically regulate immune responses and angiogenesis, often resulting in impaired healing, scarring, and poor tissue regeneration. The development of smart hydrogel scaffolds offers an opportunity to precisely modulate the wound healing process. Here, we present a pioneering wireless immunomodulatory strategy by integrating amino-modified barium titanate (BTN) nanoparticles with a natural collagen matrix, using oxidized gellan gum (OG) as a crosslinker, to fabricate a tilapia collagen (Col)-based biomimetic piezoelectric hydrogel scaffold (Col/OG/BTN).

AR to GR switch modulates differential TDO2-Kyn-AhR signalling to promote the survival and recurrence of treatment-induced dormant cells in prostate cancer.

Cancer cells can be induced to dormancy initially by specific cancer therapies, but can be reactivated for subsequent relapse as therapy-resistant cancer cells. Although the treatment-induced dormancy-to-reactivation switch is an important process in tumour spread and recurrence, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms, particularly the metabolic underpinnings. In this study, we demonstrated that the tryptophan catabolism-related tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) -kynurenine (Kyn) -aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signalling axis was responsible for both sustaining the survival of dormant prostate cancer cells induced by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and promoting the reactivation of dormant cells and their recurrent outgrowth, which facilitated the development of therapeutic resistance by allowing the dormancy-to-reactivation switch.

Involvement of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.

The kynurenine pathway (KP), a major metabolic pathway for L-tryptophan (Trp) in mammals, plays a multifaceted role in various physiological processes, including neural activity, immune system regulation, and the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. The functional connection between the KP and immune system is supported by robust evidence, including disease-associated alterations in KP metabolite concentrations and enzyme activities that correlate with immune function changes. Imbalances in the KP can be detrimental, as excessive production of pro- or anti-inflammatory metabolites may promote autoimmunity or impair pathogen defense.

Distribution and metabolism of iPSC-MSCs in the joint cavity of an osteoarthritis rat model.

Introduction: To investigate the metabolism and distribution of iPSC-MSCs in the joint cavity of rats with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods: The iPSC-MSCs labeled with the Antares2 luciferase gene were injected into the knee joints of rats, and then the metabolism and distribution of the cells in vivo were revealed by imaging and molecular biomarker methods.

Result: Histopathological results demonstrated that iPSC-MSCs significantly reversed joint tissue damage of arthritic rats.

Light-Based 3D Bioprinting of Testicular Organoid as an In Vitro Model for Reproductive Toxicity Assessment.

Organoids can be used as an in vitro platform for studying tissue development and toxicology evaluation. While in vitro maturation of somatic and germ cells has been demonstrated in organoids, generating reproducible primary testicular cell-derived organoids for toxicity evaluation remains challenging. In this study, we developed testicular organoids using light-based 3D bioprinting of neonatal mouse primary testicular cells on transwell inserts.

Improved Detection of HIV-1 Drug Resistance With Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction: A Comparative Study and Its Implications.

Background: HIV drug resistance is a crucial factor in treatment failure. Sanger sequencing, the current gold standard for resistance testing, cannot detect low-abundance variants constituting <20% of the virus population. Although next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers higher sensitivity, it is susceptible to biases during the amplification stage, further reducing the proportion of low-abundance mutant sequences.

Design and Synthesis of Ferulic Acid Derivatives with Trifluoromethyl Pyrimidine and Amide Frameworks for Combating Postharvest Kiwifruit Soft Rot Fungi.

Fungal diseases significantly affect the quality and safety of food and agricultural products. Pyrimidine ether compounds have shown effectiveness as commercial antifungal agents, but their prolonged or excessive use has led to resistance and pesticide residue issues, necessitating structural modifications. In this study, ferulic acid served as a framework for synthesizing a series of derivatives by introducing pyrimidine and amide groups.

Effects of cryptotanshinone in treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome in rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: PCOS is a prevalent endocrine disorder characterized by metabolic dysfunctions, including insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. Cryptotanshinone, a bioactive compound, has shown promise in addressing reproductive abnormalities. However, its therapeutic potential for the management of PCOS has not been sufficiently investigated.

GRK2-mediated phosphorylation and de-succinylation of PKM2 reduce macrophage glycolysis in rheumatoid arthritis.

Glucose metabolism disorder is an important hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Inhibiting key glycolysis enzymes is the primary approach, but effective treatments targeting glycolytic metabolism have not yet reached clinical practice. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) as a multi-signals regulatory hub has attracted wide attention.

Simulation of multiple scenarios and ecological environment effects in production-living-ecology space of the Yellow River Delta.

Exploring the evolution of production-living-ecology space and their ecological environmental effects under multiple future scenarios is of great significance for coordinating territorial spatial planning and improving environmental quality. Based on land use data from the Yellow River Delta efficient ecological economic zone in 2000, 2010, and 2020, we analyzed the distribution of production-living-ecology space and ecological environment quality. Using the PLUS model, we projected the distribution of production-living-ecology space in 2030, 2040, and 2050 under the scenarios of natural development (NDS), ecological protection (EPS), and urban development (UDS), and analyzed the ecological environment quality index and ecological contribution.

Safety Evaluation of Contezolid (MRX-I) Versus Linezolid in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Background & Objectives: Contezolid (MRX-I) is a novel ortho-fluorophenyl dihydropyridone developed by MicuRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. It has been approved for the treatment of drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections with relatively lower toxicity than other oxazolidinones such as linezolid. However, the toxicity profile has not yet been completely revealed.

Understanding the Active Site Structures and Achieving Catalytic Activity Tuning of Atomically Dispersed FeN Sites for Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Atomically dispersed FeNC catalysts with high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity have attracted great attention since the last decade. Due to comparable ORR activity and low material cost, they are promising platinum group metal (PGM)-free catalysts that can replace the commercialized Pt/C materials; furthermore, it can facilitate the efficiency of the fuel cell technologies and mitigate dependence on fossil fuels. Great advancements have been made to experimentally optimize the synthesis approach of the FeNC catalysts, enhance the ORR activity, and improve the catalyst stability.

Deep learning for Parkinson's disease classification using multimodal and multi-sequences PET/MR images.

Background: We aimed to use deep learning (DL) techniques to accurately differentiate Parkinson's disease (PD) from multiple system atrophy (MSA), which share similar clinical presentations. In this retrospective analysis, 206 patients who underwent PET/MR imaging at the Chinese PLA General Hospital were included, having been clinically diagnosed with either PD or MSA; an additional 38 healthy volunteers served as normal controls (NC). All subjects were randomly assigned to the training and test sets at a ratio of 7:3.

High-resolution vessel wall imaging-driven radiomic analysis for the precision prediction of intracranial aneurysm rupture risk: a promising approach.

Objective: This study aimed to extract the radiomic features of intracranial aneurysm (IA) and parent artery (PA) walls from high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) images and construct and validate machine learning (ML) predictive models by comparing them with the radiomics score (Rad-score).

Methods: In this study, 356 IAs from 306 patients were retrospectively analyzed at Yuzhong Center and randomly divided into training and test cohorts in an 8:2 ratio. Additionally, 66 IAs from 58 patients were used at Jiangnan Center to validate the predictive model.

Evidence for brain glial activity in chronic migraine patients: a [C] PBR28 PET/MR study.

Purpose: Although neuroinflammation may play a key role in the pathology of migraine and its progression to chronic migraine (CM), its specific involvement-particularly the role of microglia- remains unclear. We investigated whether neuroinflammation is involved in the pathophysiology of CM and whether pro-inflammatory signals are associated with its clinical features.

Methods: Nineteen individuals with CM and 10 healthy controls (HCs) underwent integrated brain positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) using the translocator protein (TSPO) radioligand ([C] PBR28, a marker of glial activation, together with the quantification of blood plasma inflammatory cytokine/chemokine.

RORγt agonist LYC-55716 potentiates IFN-α's efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma through enhancing cytotoxicity of Tc17 cells and infiltration of CD8 T cells.

While interferon-alpha (IFN-α) demonstrates potent antineoplastic activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but many patients have a low response rate and may even develop resistance to it. It is necessary to find new strategies to reduce IFN-α resistance and improve its efficacy. RAR-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) agonists exhibit dual immunomodulatory functions, demonstrating both immunosuppression-reducing and immune-activating properties.

Probing the Effects of Dimethyl Aluminum Isopropoxide Surface Reaction Byproducts on Atomic Layer Deposition Nucleation.

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) processes that leverage a myriad of metal-organic and complementary reactant combinations have been identified to realize precise and conformal thin film growth. However, the effects of the ALD reaction byproducts on nucleation and growth mechanisms are rarely considered. Site-selective ALD processes provide an opportunity for the detailed investigation of uniform surface sites with atomistic accuracy.

Methionine in embryonic development: metabolism, redox homeostasis, epigenetic modification and signaling pathway.

Methionine, an essential sulfur-containing amino acid, plays a critical role in methyl metabolism, folate metabolism, polyamine synthesis, redox homeostasis maintenance, epigenetic modification and signaling pathway regulation, particularly during embryonic development. Animal and human studies have increasingly documented that methionine deficiency or excess can negatively impact metabolic processes, translation, epigenetics, and signaling pathways, with ultimate detrimental effects on pregnancy outcomes. However, the underlying mechanisms by which methionine precisely regulates epigenetic modifications and affects signaling pathways remain to be elucidated.

The effect of TIGIT and PD1 expression on T cell function and prognosis in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia at diagnosis.

T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) is a recently-identified immune checkpoint molecule, and no study ever explores the prognostic significance of TIGIT on bone marrow T cells of newly-diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. We collected fresh marrow samples from 71 adult AML patients at diagnosis and 31 healthy donors (HDs) to test for TIGIT and PD1 expression in T cells by flow cytometry. Fifteen newly-diagnosed AML patients and six HDs were performed T cell activation in vitro and tested intracellular TNF-α and INF-γ production.