Aristolochic acid I promotes renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by activating the mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1-complement system.

Aristolochic acid I (AAI) activates the complement system, triggering inflammation and renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF). This study investigated the role of mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1 (MASP1) in AAI-induced RIF. Treating human proximal tubular (HK-2) cells with AAI (2.

Catalpol attenuates hepatic glucose metabolism disorder and oxidative stress in triptolide-induced liver injury by regulating the SIRT1/HIF-1α pathway.

Triptolide (TP), known for its effectiveness in treating various rheumatoid diseases, is also associated with significant hepatotoxicity risks. This study explored Catalpol (CAT), an iridoid glycoside with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, as a potential defense against TP-induced liver damage. and models of liver injury were established using TP in combination with different concentrations of CAT.

A LC-MS-based serum pharmacochemistry approach to reveal the compatibility features of mutual promotion/assistance herb pairs in Xijiao Dihuang decoction.

Xijiao Dihuang decoction (XDT), a famous formula, was usually used to improve the prognosis of patients with blood-heat and blood-stasis syndrome-related diseases. There were some mutual promotion and mutual assistance herb pairs in XDT. However, the exact functions of these herb pairs in the compatibility of XDT were not elucidated due to the lack of appropriate methodologies.

Identifying potential Q-markers for quality evaluation of Zhenyuan capsule by integrating chemical analysis, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations.

Quality markers (Q-markers) are of great significance for quality evaluation of herbal medicines. Zhenyuan Capsule (ZYC) is a kind of Chinese patent medicine used to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, reliable and effective Q-markers for ZYC are still lacking.

miR-125b-5p-MAPK1-C/EBPα feedback loop regulates all-trans retinoic acid resistance in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Background: Various studies have highlighted the significance of miR-125b-5p in tumour chemotherapy resistance; However, whether miR-125b-5p is associated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) resistance in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has not been reported.

Methods: Drug-resistance-related factors in APL were predicted using the DRESIS database. The expression levels of miR-125b-5p in ATRA-sensitive and ATRA-resistant APL cells were determined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Aristolochic acid I aggravates oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis by inhibiting APE1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.

Nephrotoxicity induced by aristolochic acid I (AAI) is related to redox stress and apoptosis. Apurinic/apyrimidine endonuclease 1 (APE1) has antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. This study investigated the potential role of APE1 in AAI-induced nephrotoxicity.

Association between the systemic immune-inflammation index and outcomes among atrial fibrillation patients with diabetes undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence and the levels of the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII, platelet × neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio) in patients with AF and diabetes mellitus (DM) undergoing after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA).

Patients And Methods: Preoperative SII levels were determined in AF patients with DM undergoing RFCA. Restricted cubic splines were used to determine the correlation between SII and the risk of AF recurrence.

Aircraft route recovery based on distributed integer programming method.

In order to further promote the application and development of unmanned aviation in the manned field, and reduce the difficulty that airlines cannot avoid due to unexpected factors such as bad weather, aircraft failure, and so on, the problem of restoring aircraft routes has been studied. To reduce the economic losses caused by flight interruption, this paper divides the repair problem of aircraft operation plans into two sub problems, namely, the generation of flight routes and the reallocation of aircraft. Firstly, the existing fixed-point iteration method proposed by Dang is used to solve the feasible route generation model based on integer programming.

Adaptive neural-network-based sliding mode control of switching distributed delay systems with Markov jump parameters.

This paper is devoted to the issue of observer-based adaptive sliding mode control of distributed delay systems with deterministic switching rules and stochastic jumping process, simultaneously, through a neural network approach. Firstly, relying on the designed Lebesgue observer, a sliding mode hyperplane in the integral form is put forward, on which a desired sliding mode dynamic system is derived. Secondly, in consideration of complexity of real transition rates information, a novel adaptive dynamic controller that fits to universal mode information is designed to ensure the existence of sliding motion in finite-time, especially for the case that the mode information is totally unknown.

Integration of network pharmacology, transcriptomics and molecular docking reveals two novel hypoglycemic components in snow chrysanthemum.

Our previous studies uncovered the glucose-lowering properties of snow chrysanthemum tea, however, the active ingredients and underlying mechanisms were yet to be uncovered. Flavonoids are the most active and abundant components in snow chrysanthemum tea. In this study, we treated leptin-deficient diabetic ob/ob or high-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6 J obese mice with or without total flavonoids of snow chrysanthemum (TFSC) for 14 weeks.

MicroRNA-143-3p ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis by polarizing naive CD4 T cells into Treg cells.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a persistent and systemic autoimmunity disease. The abnormal differentiation of Treg cells is important in pathogenesis. Despite previous studies showed that microRNAs (miRNAs, miR) are pivotal modulators of Treg cells, the effect of miRNAs on Treg cell differentiation and function is not clear.

Robot path planning based on artificial potential field with deterministic annealing.

In the context of motion planning in robotics, the problem of path planning based on artificial potential fields has been examined using different algorithms to avoid trapping in local minima. With this objective, this paper proposes a novel method based on a deterministic annealing strategy to improve the potential field function by introducing a temperature parameter to increase the robot's obstacle avoidance efficiency. The annealing and tempering strategies prevent the robot from being trapped at the local minima and allow it to continue towards its destination.

saponins (PNS) attenuate Th17 cell differentiation in CIA mice via inhibition of nuclear PKM2-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation.

Context: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with aberrant Th17 cell differentiation. (Burk.) F.

Investigating the chemical profile of Rheum lhasaense and its main ingredient of piceatannol-3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside on ameliorating cognitive impairment.

Rheum lhasaense A. J. Li et P.

An event-triggered mechanism to observer-based sliding mode control of fractional-order uncertain switched systems.

This paper is dealing with the problem of observer-based event-triggered sliding mode control for fractional-order uncertain switched systems with a positive order less than one. Firstly, a fractional-order state observer is designed, based on which a fractional-order integral sliding surface function is proposed. Then, utilizing the estimated observer error and sliding mode error vectors, an event-triggered condition is constructed to decide whether the current control signal should be updated or not.

Novel active compounds and the anti-diabetic mechanism of mulberry leaves.

Mulberry ( L.) leaves have long been considered beneficial in traditional Chinese medicine to treat infectious and internal diseases. Recently studies have discovered that the mulberry leaf's total flavonoids (MLF) display excellent hypoglycemia properties.

Integrating network pharmacology analysis and pharmacodynamic evaluation for exploring the active components and molecular mechanism of moutan seed coat extract to improve cognitive impairment.

(Moutan) is a traditional medicinal plant in China. Its seed coat is rich in resveratrol oligomer, especially suffruticosol B (SB). Previous studies had shown that the seed coat extracts of (PSCE) had good cholinesterase inhibitory activity and neuroprotective effect, but the effective dose range was unknown, and the pharmacodynamic components and molecular mechanism of PSCE had not been discussed.

RBF Neural Network Sliding Mode Control for Passification of Nonlinear Time-Varying Delay Systems with Application to Offshore Cranes.

This paper is devoted to studying the passivity-based sliding mode control for nonlinear systems and its application to dock cranes through an adaptive neural network approach, where the system suffers from time-varying delay, external disturbance and unknown nonlinearity. First, relying on the generalized Lagrange formula, the mathematical model for the crane system is established. Second, by virtue of an integral-type sliding surface function and the equivalent control theory, a sliding mode dynamic system can be obtained with a satisfactory dynamic property.

Qingluo Tongbi Formula Alleviates Hepatotoxicity Induced by Hook. F. by Regulating Excessive Mitophagy Through the PERK-ATF4 Pathway.

Qingluo Tongbi Formula (QTF) is an empirical formula of Chinese medicine master Zhongying Zhou for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Although including Hook. F.

Salvianolic Acid B Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia Injury by Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation via SIRT1-AMPK-PGC-1α Signaling Pathway.

Salvianolic acid B (SalB) has been extensively investigated in our laboratory for myocardial ischemia (MI) disease. This study mainly aimed to illustrate the relationship between SIRT1 and the therapeutic effect of SalB on MI in rats and hypoxia damage in H9c2 cells. Furthermore, whether the antagonism of NLRP3 by SalB in the injuries mentioned above is related to SIRT1-AMPK-PGC-1α pathway-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis was further investigated.

Triptolide inhibits Th17 differentiation via controlling PKM2-mediated glycolysis in rheumatoid arthritis.

Context: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with the aberrant differentiation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a key enzyme of glycolysis, was associated with Th17 cell differentiation.

Aim: To investigate the potential therapeutic effects of triptolide (TP) in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and Th17 cell differentiation, and elucidated the underlying mechanisms.

Sliding-mode controller synthesis of robotic manipulator based on a new modified reaching law.

In this study, an adaptive modified reaching law-based switch controller design was developed for robotic manipulator systems using the disturbance observer (DO) approach. Firstly, a standard DO is employed to estimate the unknown disturbances of the plant, from which the control signal could be compensated. Then, an adaptive modified reaching law is established to dynamically adapt the switching gain of the sliding mode robust term and further guarantee the finite-time arrival of the established sliding surface.

Macrophage targeted triptolide micelles capable of cGAS-STING pathway inhibition for rheumatoid arthritis treatment.

The abundant M1 macrophages in the joint synovium were the main factors that exacerbate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by secreting various types of inflammatory cytokines. Here, we note that cGAS-STING, an important pro-inflammatory pathway, was significantly up-regulated in RA, enabling it be the potential target for RA therapy. Therefore, in this work, we developed M1 macrophages targeted micelles capable of cGAS-STING pathway inhibition for the smart treatment of RA.

Sesquiterpene lactones from Xanthium sibiricum Patrin alleviate asthma by modulating the Th1/Th2 balance in a murine model.

Background: Asthma is a complex airway disease involving a variety of cells and cytokines. Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder (X. sibiricum) is a traditional Chinese medicine for various immune diseases, especially allergic rhinitis and asthma.

Sliding-mode variable structure control for complex automatic systems: a survey.

Automatic systems (ASs) can automatically control the work of controlled objects without unattended participation. They have been extensively used in industry, agriculture, automobiles, robots and other fields in recent years. However, the performance of the controller cannot meet the work requirements under complex environmental conditions.