Cumulative burden of estimated glomerular filtration rate and the risk of intracranial atherosclerosis: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) is a major cause of ischemic stroke. The longitudinal associations of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with ICAS are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of cumulative eGFR burden with incident ICAS.

Aristolochic acid I promotes renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by activating the mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1-complement system.

Aristolochic acid I (AAI) activates the complement system, triggering inflammation and renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF). This study investigated the role of mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1 (MASP1) in AAI-induced RIF. Treating human proximal tubular (HK-2) cells with AAI (2.

The Cumulative Atherogenic Index of Plasma Exposure in Carotid Plaque: A Cohort Study in China.

Background: Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is recognized as a marker for atherosclerosis, but the impact of long-term AIP exposure on carotid plaque remains unknown.

Objectives: The objective of the study is to assess the associations of cumulative AIP (cumAIP), incorporating the time course of cumAIP accumulation with the risk of carotid plaque.

Methods: A total of 9,202 participants from the Beijing Health Management Cohort were followed up until December 31, 2021.

Size influence of nanoparticles on relative gain of polymer based optical waveguide amplifiers.

Nanoparticles (NPs) doped polymer based optical waveguide amplifiers (OWAs) have been attracting much attention. As an important component of gain medium, the size of NPs has a significant influence on the relative gain of the OWAs. NPs with larger size have improved luminescence properties, but also increase the scattering loss in OWAs.

Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and frailty: the mediating role of body mass index.

Background: The Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM), a newly introduced metric, indicates gut microbiota diversity. However, its correlation with frailty remains unexplored.

Method: A total of 25,320 individuals were included in the 2007-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Analysis of ALPS-Index: Difference in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With or Without Mild Cognitive Impairment and Its Relationship With Hippocampal Microstructure.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with cognitive impairment has a high incidence rate globally, and there is a need to investigate the relationship among the glymphatic system, hippocampus microstructure, and cognition in T2DM. The present study aims to delineate changes in the perivascular space index (ALPS-index) among T2DM patients with different cognitive states and investigate any possible correlation between the ALPS-index and the diffusive indicators of the bilateral hippocampi in T2DM. In addition, we seek to identify specific cognitive domains with substantial correlation with the ALPS-index in the general population.

Discordance of Small Dense LDL Cholesterol Beyond LDL Cholesterol or Non-HDL Cholesterol and Carotid Plaque.

Background: Different low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles exhibit distinct proatherogenic properties.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate associations of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C), large buoyant low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (lbLDL-C), sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio, and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio with carotid plaque (CP) risk in the general population, and to perform discordance analyses to determine which biomarker better reflects CP risk beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C).

Methods: This study enrolled 20,369 participants from Beijing Health Management Cohort.

Cinobufagin induced myocardial cell toxicity in H9c2 cells via inhibiting histone methyltransferase SMYD1 expression.

Cardiotoxicity of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) is an important factor in pharmacogenetic cardiovascular diseases, which directly affects the clinical use of TCM. Recently, cinobufagin (CBG), the active substance of Toad venom, has shown as a potential anti-tumor natural product. However, its cardiotoxicity limits the clinical application and the intrinsic mechanism is unclear.

m6A reader IGF2BP2-stabilized lncRNA LHX1-DT inhibits renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell proliferation and invasion by sponging miR-590-5p.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been established as a critical regulator in various human cancers. However, the role of m6A modification in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its interaction with long non-coding RNA LHX1-DT (LHX1-DT) remains unclear. Differentially expressed lncRNAs and m6A levels were identified through microarray analysis.

Development and multi-center validation of a high-performance predictive model for early detection of cognitive impairment in older adults: data-based on communities in Northern China.

Background: The prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) is progressively rising. Insufficient awareness, complex diagnostic procedures, and the absence of effective treatment methods contribute to the challenge. Therefore, our objective is to develop and validate a CI screening model specifically for the elderly population in China.

Live-Cell Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Imaging of Metabolically Regulated Akt Activation Dynamics in HepG2 Cells.

Metabolically regulated Akt activation is a critical node in the insulin signaling cascade and provides valuable insights into the relationship between diabetes and cancer. To precisely quantify Akt activity in HepG2 cells, we developed a robust, reproducible protocol utilizing Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) with genetically encoded Akt-specific biosensors. This protocol outlines detailed steps for cell culture, imaging dish preparation, and transfection of HepG2 cells to express FRET-based biosensors, alongside specific guidelines for laser scanning confocal microscope hardware and software configuration.

Macrostructural and microstructural alterations of hippocampal subregions in T2DM: NODDI provides added value to DTI and volumetric analyses.

Objective: We explored macrostructural and microstructural changes in the hippocampal subregions of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and compared the effectiveness of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) with that of traditional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and volumetric analysis in detecting structural alterations.

Methods: A total of 302 participants (128 T2DM patients and 174 healthy controls) underwent 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological assessments.

Diagnostic efficiency of peripheral tumor serum biomarkers in lung cancer and their correlation with clinicopathological features.

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of serum tumor markers - carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) - in the diagnosis of lung cancer, and to evaluate the role of preoperative imaging in lung cancer diagnosis.

Methods: A total of 56 lung cancer patients, diagnosed at The Fourth Hospital of Daqing City between January 2022 and December 2023, were included in the lung cancer group. Additionally, 69 patients with benign pulmonary tumors diagnosed during the same period were included in the benign tumor group.

LINC00926, Regulated by TCF12, Modulates the Ubiquitination of GPX4 to Regulate Ferroptosis by Interacting with STUB1 in HUVECs.

LINC00926 has been identified as an upregulated lncRNA in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) through high-throughput sequencing. This study aimed to explore the biological role of LINC00926 in vascular endothelial cell ferroptosis and its underlying mechanisms. For in vitro experiments, HUVECs were exposed to hypoxic conditions.

A systematic review of hypervirulent research: bibliometric and topic modeling perspectives.

Background/objective: Hypervirulent (hvKP) is an emerging global health threat, exhibiting increased virulence and multidrug resistance compared to classic . Understanding the research landscape surrounding hvKP is crucial for developing effective control strategies. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the global research trends in hvKP from 2013 to 2024 using bibliometric and topic modeling techniques.

Potential compensatory mechanism for cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes and prediabetes: altered structure-function coupling.

Background: Structure-function (SC-FC) coupling may be more sensitive to detecting changes in the brain than any single modality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SC-FC coupling changes on cognition and their interactions in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 493 participants (119 with normal glucose metabolism (NGM), 125 with prediabetes, and 249 with T2DM) were included in the study.

Integrating genome-wide association studies and transcriptomics prioritizes drug targets for meningioma.

Meningioma, a prevalent central nervous system tumour, presents a significant challenge in neuro-oncology. This study harnesses genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and transcriptomic analysis to illuminate the pathological underpinnings of meningioma and spearhead the discovery of novel drug targets. By employing summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR), colocalization analyses and Mendelian randomization, we pinpointed four genes as pivotal therapeutic targets.

Effects of Degassing Treatment on the Dielectric Properties of XLPE Insulation Used in High-Voltage DC Power Cables.

Cross-linked polyethylene power cables are widely used in high-voltage DC transmission lines, owing to their good dielectric and physical-chemical properties. However, the production process of XLPE involves cross-linking and degassing, in which the cross-linking process produces a variety of cross-linking by-products, and the changes in the properties of the cable insulation caused by the degassing process are not well understood. XLPE samples were degassed at 90 °C for 7 and 14 days in this paper, and the main by-products were found to be α-methylstyrene, acetophenone, and cumyl alcohol, the contents of which all declined after the degassing treatment.

Quantifying cell divisions along evolutionary lineages in cancer.

Cell division drives somatic evolution but is challenging to quantify. We developed a framework to count cell divisions with DNA replication-related mutations in polyguanine homopolymers. Analyzing 505 samples from 37 patients, we studied the milestones of colorectal cancer evolution.

Injectable oxidized high-amylose starch hydrogel scaffold for macrophage-mediated glioblastoma therapy.

Glioblastoma, characterized by rapid proliferation and invasiveness, is largely resistant to current treatment modalities. A major obstacle is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which restricts the delivery of therapeutic agents as well as the infiltration of effective immune cells into glioblastoma. In this study, we developed an injectable oxidized high-amylose starch hydrogel (OHASM) to serve as a biomaterial scaffold for the delivery of macrophages and macrophage-polarizing drugs, aiming to bypass the BBB and enhance glioblastoma treatment.

Association of individual-based morphological brain network alterations with cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To investigate the altered characteristics of cortical morphology and individual-based morphological brain networks in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as the neural network mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in T2DM.

Methods: A total of 150 T2DM patients and 130 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in this study. The study used voxel- and surface-based morphometric analyses to investigate morphological alterations (including gray matter volume, cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and localized gyrus index) in the brains of T2DM patients.

Revolutionizing diagnosis of pulmonary based on CT: a systematic review of imaging analysis through deep learning.

Introduction: The mortality rate associated with (MTB) has seen a significant rise in regions heavily affected by the disease over the past few decades. The traditional methods for diagnosing and differentiating tuberculosis (TB) remain thorny issues, particularly in areas with a high TB epidemic and inadequate resources. Processing numerous images can be time-consuming and tedious.

Nuclear Condensates of WW Domain-Containing Adaptor With Coiled-Coil Regulate Mitophagy via Alternative Splicing.

Biomolecular condensates segregate nuclei into discrete regions, facilitating the execution of distinct biological functions. Here, it is identified that the WW domain containing adaptor with coiled-coil (WAC) is localized to nuclear speckles via its WW domain and plays a pivotal role in regulating alternative splicing through the formation of biomolecular condensates via its C-terminal coiled-coil (CC) domain. WAC acts as a scaffold protein and facilitates the integration of RNA-binding motif 12 (RBM12) into nuclear speckles, where RBM12 potentially interacts with the spliceosomal U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP).

Hyperosmotic stress-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the mechanosensitive PIEZO1 channel in dry eye corneal epithelium.

Unlabelled: The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by hyperosmotic stress is a critical pathophysiological response in dry eye disease (DED), driving the chronic cycle of inflammation on the ocular surface. The specific mechanism underlying hyperosmotic mechanical stimulation activates the NLRP3 inflammasome remains unclear. This study provides evidence that PIEZO1, a mechanosensitive ion channel, functions as the primary receptor for corneal epithelial cells in sensing mechanical stimulation induced by tear hyperosmolarity.