Development of an AAV-delivered microRNA gene therapy for Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1.

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), characterized by life-threatening muscle weakness, compromised respiration, and often cardiac conduction abnormalities, is the most common form of adult muscular dystrophy it is. DM1 is caused by a CTG repeat expansion in the 3' untranslated region of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase (DMPK) gene resulting in aggregation of DMPK mRNA into insoluble ribonuclear foci which sequester RNA-binding proteins. Redistribution of essential splicing factors causes mis-splicing of factors responsible for muscle differentiation.

Highly efficient hydrogenation of levulinic acid into γ-valerolactone over modified bifunctional yolk-shell catalyst.

The high efficiency production of renewable resources has been widely used in fuel and synthetic chemistry. In this work, a series of novel, efficient Pd@mSiO-xCeO bifunctional yolk-shell catalysts have been developed and applied to the preparation of γ-valerolactone by the hydrogenation of levulinic acid. The results showed that CeO can effectively improve the catalytic performance of the catalyst, then achieve 100 % conversion of levulinic acid and 97 % selectivity of γ-valerolactone.

Complementary Molecular Passivation of Multiple Surface Defects for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

A complementary passivation strategy employing the simultaneous use of phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI) and ethylhydrazinoacetate hydrochloride (EHACl) is developed to mitigate multiple surface defects in perovskite films. PEAI mainly aims at vacancy defects and tends to induce quasi-2D/3D interface reconstruction, while rich Lewis base sites within EHACl enable it to selectively passivate Lewis acid defects such as undercoordinated Pb⁺. Advanced nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations based on large supercell slabs of FAPbI surface directly correlate the surface chemical interactions with nonradiative carrier lifetimes.

Study on immunogenicity of recombinant ferritin hemagglutinin of canine distemper virus.

Background: Canine distemper virus (CDV) hemagglutinin protein (H), as one of the surface glycoproteins of the virus, helps attach the virus to the host cell through its interaction with cell receptors, makes hemagglutinin protein a key target for the development of neutralizing antibodies.

Methods: In this study, H protein sequences were analyzed by conservation analysis and prediction of multiple immune cell epitopes, three possible epitope sequences were identified. The epitopes were ligated to Ferritin vector with linkers to construct pET30a-Ferritin-Hemagglutinin-Canine distemper virus (FHCDV).

Exciton Properties and Broadband Emission in Two-Dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites.

Two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites are considered as promising optoelectronic materials due to their intriguing broadband emission properties. However, the origin of the broadband emission in RP perovskites remains a controversial issue. Herein, we have systematically analyzed the exciton behavior and luminescence properties of 2D (PEA)PbI.

Save It for the "Hot" Day: An LLM-Empowered Visual Analytics System for Heat Risk Management.

The escalating frequency and intensity of heat-related climate events, particularly heatwaves, emphasize the pressing need for advanced heat risk management strategies. Current approaches, primarily relying on numerical models, face challenges in spatial-temporal resolution and in capturing the dynamic interplay of environmental, social, and behavioral factors affecting heat risks. This has led to difficulties in translating risk assessments into effective mitigation actions.

Dual electrolyte additives to achieve high-rate cycling performance of lithium-ion batteries with a high nickel cathode.

High-Ni cathodes promise high energy density but suffer from interfacial degradation. Here, a dual-additive electrolyte-trimethylsilyl phosphate to scavenge HF and adiponitrile to tailor Li solvation-enables a robust, LiF-rich CEI, boosting NCM811's stability. This strategy achieves 90.

Highly Oriented Nitrogen-Doped Flower-like ZnO Nanostructures for Boosting Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Performance: A Combined Experimental and DFT Study.

A facile method to modify the ZnO catalyst by nitrogen doping and synthesis of a highly oriented flower-like structure is reported. The generated system exhibits an enhanced photoinduced charge separation through the lightning rod effect. A well-aligned structure and high aspect ratio of ZnO nanorods is confirmed by the XRD, FESEM and TEM analyses.

Orthogonal decoupling of an ionic-electronic transport microarchitectured vertical array cathode for flexible sodium-ion batteries.

Vertically-aligned NaVO(PO)F cathodes with orthogonal ion/electron pathways exhibit enhanced Na diffusion (5.8 × 10 m s), delivering 131 mA h g at 0.2C, 85 mA h g at 5C, and 96% capacity retention after 1000 cycles for flexible energy storage.

InclusiViz : Visual Analytics of Human Mobility Data for Understanding and Mitigating Urban Segregation.

Urban segregation refers to the physical and social division of people, often driving inequalities within cities and exacerbating socioeconomic and racial tensions. While most studies focus on residential spaces, they often neglect segregation across "activity spaces" where people work, socialize, and engage in leisure. Human mobility data offers new opportunities to analyze broader segregation patterns, encompassing both residential and activity spaces, but challenges existing methods in capturing the complexity and local nuances of urban segregation.

Experimental and modeling analysis of lenses with concentric cylindrical annular refractive elements: impact on peripheral imaging.

The mechanism by which myopia-managing spectacle lenses slow myopia progression remains controversial. Understanding the changes these lenses introduce to peripheral imaging properties helps shed light on this controversial issue. Given the difficulty of directly measuring these changes in clinical settings, this study combined experimental and modeling approaches to evaluate changes in images at the retina induced by myopia-managing lenses.

Assessing Peer Exposure at a Group Level: The Role of Mild-to-Moderate Symptoms in the Transmission of Mental Health Problems.

Preliminary evidence suggests that mental health problems can transmit within adolescent peer social groups. However, prior studies have primarily quantified exposure by counting peers with mental health problems, which cannot precisely reflect the group level density of already affected peers. Moreover, existing evidence predominantly focused on transmission associated with exposure to severe cases, neglecting the more widely prevalent mild-to-moderate cases.

Temporal dynamics in attentional bias toward shopping cues among problematic online shoppers.

Background And Aims: Online shopping has become a primary form of consumption in daily life, inevitably accompanied by the emergence of problematic online shopping. Attentional bias towards online shopping cues influences individuals' online shopping behavior. This study examined attentional bias mechanisms in problematic online shoppers using two experiments.

Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Lytic Phage N22 and Its Effect on Drug-Resistant .

Background: (KP) infections present a significant clinical challenge and are frequently associated with elevated drug resistance. The use of phage therapy has resurged in response to escalating antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to address the multidrug resistance crisis in intensive care units by exploring the use of ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI), a widely used clinical antimicrobial agent, in conjunction with phage therapy.

SciLinker: a large-scale text mining framework for mapping associations among biological entities.

Introduction: The biomedical literature is the go-to source of information regarding relationships between biological entities, including genes, diseases, cell types, and drugs, but the rapid pace of publication makes an exhaustive manual exploration impossible. In order to efficiently explore an up-to-date repository of millions of abstracts, we constructed an efficient and modular natural language processing pipeline and applied it to the entire PubMed abstract corpora.

Methods: We developed SciLinker using open-source libraries and pre-trained named entity recognition models to identify human genes, diseases, cell types and drugs, normalizing these biological entities to the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS).

Bioinformatics-based identification of mirdametinib as a potential therapeutic target for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress.

The molecular link between endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains elusive. Our study aimed to uncover core mechanisms and new therapeutic targets for IPF. By analyzing gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we identified 1519 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 11 ERS-related genes (ERSRGs) diagnostic for IPF.

Preclinical models of immune checkpoint inhibitors-related interstitial pneumonia for anti-PD1 tumor immunotherapy.

Immune-related adverse reactions (irAEs) are common adverse reactions after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment, impacting the universality and continued use of immunotherapy. Currently, preclinical models to investigate the mechanisms underlying these adverse effects are inadequate. This study aims to develop both in vitro and in vivo models of irAEs to advance basic research on these adverse reactions.

Tip carbon encapsulation customizes cationic enrichment and valence stabilization for low K acidic CO electroreduction.

Acidic electrochemical CO conversion is a promising alternative to overcome the low CO utilization. However, over-reliance on highly concentrated K to inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction also causes (bi)carbonate precipitation to interfere with catalytic performance. In this work, under the screening and guidance of computational simulations, we present a carbon coated tip-like InO electrocatalyst for stable and efficient acidic CO conversion to synthesize formic acid (HCOOH) with low K concentration.

Profile of non-invasive physical health indicators associated with cognitive performance in Chinese older adults: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: Existing studies have indicated the potential role of non-invasive physical health indicators as an early detector of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults. However, evidence is lacking in determining the appropriate physical health indicators for early screening of cognitive decline in each domain. Therefore, the current study aimed to establish a comprehensive physical health indicators profile in association with cognitive performance.

Prefrontal cortex responses to game rewards and losses in individuals with Internet Gaming Disorder: Insights from fNIRS during mobile gameplay.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the brain activity characteristics of individuals with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) during mobile gameplay, focusing on neural responses to positive and negative game events. The findings may enhance our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying IGD.

Methods: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was employed to measure hemodynamic responses (HbO/HbR) in the prefrontal cortex of both IGD participants and recreational gaming users (RGU), during solo and multiplayer mobile gameplay.

Abnormally slow dynamics in occipital cortex of depression.

Aim: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by altered activity in various higher-order regions like the anterior cingulate and prefrontal cortex. While some findings also show changes in lower-order sensory regions like the occipital cortex in MDD, the latter's exact neural and temporal, e.g.

Antiviral mechanism of Fuzhengjiedu San against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a viral infectious disease that can cause infection in pigs of different ages. The condition known as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome poses a serious risk to the world's pig business and results in significant financial losses. Fuzhengjiedu San (FZJDS) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound, the main components include:Radix Isatidis, Radix Astragali and Herba Epimedii.

Cerebrospinal fluid proteomics reveals the innate immunity and blood-brain barrier dysregulation in a patient with multidrug-resistant ventriculitis treated with intrathecal and intravenous polymyxin B.

is a major pathogen of nosocomial meningitis and ventriculitis. Due to very limited antibiotic treatment options, polymyxins are often used as a last-line therapy. To optimise polymyxin use in the intraventricular environment, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics was employed to investigate host-pathogen-polymyxin interactions in a 69-year-old patient with multidrug-resistant ventriculitis treated with a combination of intrathecal (ITH; 50,000 IU q24h/q48h), intraventricular (IVT; 50,000 IU q48h), and intravenous (500,000 IU, q12h) polymyxin B.