Neuroprotective role of GLT-1/EAAT2 in glutamate-induced excitotoxicity.

Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity represents a common pathomechanism in neurological disorders. As the predominant glutamate transporter in the central nervous system, glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1, known as EAAT2 in humans) plays a crucial role in maintaining glutamate homeostasis and preventing excitotoxicity through its Na⁺-dependent transport mechanism. Key functions of GLT-1 include reducing extracellular glutamate concentration, regulating calcium homeostasis, suppressing oxidative stress, preserving mitochondrial integrity, and modulating neuroinflammatory processes by limiting microglial activation.

Trends of Female Breast Cancer Burden in China over 25 Years: A Join Point Regression and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis Based on the GBD (1997-2021).

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors among women globally. The incidence and mortality rates of female BC exhibit significant variation across different countries and regions.

Objective: This study analyzed the trends of BC among Chinese women from 1997 to 2021 to support evidence-based for the prevention, screening and treatment strategies of female BC in China.

The Evolution of Virulence of Carbapenem-Resistant from the Same Source Under the Pressure of Omadacycline Treatment.

Introduction: (KP) is a common Gram-negative bacterium in clinical practice and can cause various infectious diseases, including pneumonia, liver abscess and bloodstream infection. Carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) has become a major threat to global health due to its high incidence and mortality rates, especially the ST11-CRKP strain prevalent in China.

Methods: The age, main clinical diagnosis, previous health and immune status of the two patients with ST11-CRKP-related infections during the same period reported in this study were similar.

First-line benmelstobart plus anlotinib versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma (ETER100): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: The underexplored potential of PD-L1 blockade in advanced renal cell carcinoma highlights an urgent need for novel agents. This trial aimed to compare benmelstobart (a novel PD-L1 inhibitor) plus anlotinib with sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: ETER100 was a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial conducted at 37 medical sites in China.

Adropin as a therapeutic candidate for HFpEF: evidence of oxidative stress mitigation via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which accounts for more than half of all heart failure cases worldwide, has emerged as a major public health challenge characterized by substantial morbidity and mortality rates. As adropin is a key regulator of cardiovascular and metabolic homeostasis, this study investigated its therapeutic effects against HFpEF pathogenesis.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (60% fat-derived calories) with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 0.

Velocity-Selective arterial spin labeling (VSASL) for cerebral blood volume assessment in gliomas: comparison with VSASL based cerebral blood flow and dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI.

Purpose: Cerebral blood volume (CBV) maps created using dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion weighted imaging (DSC-PWI) are valuable but may be limited by gadolinium contraindications in certain clinical scenarios. A noninvasive perfusion method for CBV assessment based on velocity-selective (VS) ASL has emerged. This study is to evaluate the performance of VSASL-derived CBV among glioma patients in clinical practice, comparing with the VSASL-based cerebral blood flow (CBF) and DSC-PWI.

TRIM2 inhibits apoptosis by ubiquitinating BNIP3 to protect the intestine against ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice.

Intestinal damage following interrupted blood flow and its return (intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury) is a serious medical problem occurring in various clinical situations. While the death of intestinal epithelial cells is a key factor, the precise reasons behind this cell death are not fully known. In this study, we identified significant downregulation of an E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM2 in mouse models of this injury and in cells mimicking the condition.

Rufy3 Knockdown Induces PANoptosis Through MAP4/CDK1 Axis to Inhibit Colorectal Cancer Growth: Evidence From In Vitro and In Vivo Models.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high morbidity and mortality. PANoptosis is a phenomenon in which metabolism and cell death are closely related. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of PANoptosis in CRC is still unclear.

Salvigenin mitigates neuronal ferroptosis by binding to PI3K and enhancing the interaction between VCP and PI3K in the repair of spinal cord injury.

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a major public health issue, characterized by the excessive production of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), iron accumulation, and lipid peroxidation within the injured spinal cord, which are closely related to ferroptosis. Recently, an increasing number of natural drug monomers including salvigenin (SGN) have shown potential therapeutic value in the nervous system.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanism of SGN in the repair of SCI by mitigating ferroptosis.

Progress in the mechanistic understanding of NETs formation in cancer.

Recent studies have revealed that the tumor microenvironment (TME) mediates neutrophil activation through multicomponent collaborative regulatory mechanisms, serving as a key driver of NETs formation. Cytokines, platelets, and complements activate neutrophil signaling pathways, ultimately forming NETs with protumorigenic properties in the TME. Notably, exogenous stimuli such as surgery, chronic stress, and pathogens can regulate NETs formation by remodeling the TME.

Expression and significance of TWEAK and CD163 in monocytes of patients with newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus with renal involvement.

ObjectiveTo detect the expression levels of TWEAK and CD163 in monocytes from the peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated with renal involvement (SLE+RI) and to explore the application value of TWEAK and CD163 in the diagnosis of SLE and SLE+RI.MethodsThe expression levels of TWEAK and CD163 in the monocytes of 70 SLE patients and the control group were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‒qPCR). To analyse the relationship between TWEAK/CD163 expression levels and laboratory examination and clinical manifestations in monocytes of SLE+RI patients.

SYHA1813, A VEGFR and CSF1R Inhibitor, in Patients With Recurrent High-Grade Gliomas: A Multicenter, Open-Label Phase I Study.

Objective: Recurrent high-grade gliomas have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SYHA1813, a dual inhibitor of VEGFR and CSF1R, in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas.

Methods: Eligible patients (aged ≥ 18) with histologically or cytologically confirmed recurrent high-grade gliomas were included.

Tegoprazan-based versus esomeprazole-based triple therapy plus bismuth for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication: A nationwide, multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although triple therapy plus bismuth (TTPB), comprising a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), two antibiotics, and bismuth, is widely used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), eradication rates have been suboptimal. Potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) offer stronger and more stable gastric acid inhibition compared to PPIs.

Role of indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 in modulating the malignant biological behavior of cervical cancer cells through the Tryptophan-Kynurenine pathway.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of altered expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) on key enzymes and metabolites within the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway, as well as to assess the resulting effects on the malignant biological behavior of cervical cancer cells, including proliferation, invasion and migration.

Methods: IDO1 expression was assessed in cervical cancer and normal cervical tissues via immunohistochemistry and western blot (WB) analysis. Four human cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa, C33A, SiHa, CaSki) were cultured, and HeLa and SiHa cells-characterized by elevated IDO1 expression-were selected for further experimentation.

Membrane attack complex impairs hepatocyte autophagy in alcohol-related liver disease by regulating the SIRT1-FOXO3 signaling.

Background: Impaired hepatocyte autophagy is a key feature of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). Activation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) regulates autophagy. This study examined the role and regulatory mechanisms of MAC in hepatocyte autophagy during ALD progression.

Stool-based methylated syndecan-2 testing has a high positive predictive value in an average/increased-risk population: a multicenter retrospective study.

Introduction: Stool DNA testing based on methylated syndecan-2 (mSDC2) is a potential novel non-invasive screening test for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to assess its positive predictive value (PPV) in real-world practice.

Methods: This study retrospectively recruited consecutive patients with positive stool DNA-based SDC2 methylation tests from 18 hospitals between November 2016 and July 2021.

Efficacy and safety of anrikefon in patients with pruritus undergoing haemodialysis: multicentre, double blind, randomised placebo controlled phase 3 trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of anrikefon (formerly known as HSK21542), a novel selective peripherally restricted kappa opioid receptor agonist, in patients with chronic kidney disease associated pruritus.

Design: Multicentre, double blind, randomised placebo controlled phase 3 trial.

Setting: 50 centres in China, June 2022 to June 2024.

Comparing predictive accuracy of carotid artery ultrasonography with inferior vena cava ultrasonography for predicting postinduction hypotension in older patients: a prospective observational study.

Objectives: Hypotension frequently occurs following the initiation of general anaesthesia, particularly in older individuals, and is linked to adverse postoperative consequences when it is severe. This study was designed to compare the predictive effects of carotid ultrasound measurements and inferior vena cava (IVC) ultrasound measurements on postinduction hypotension (PIH) in older patients.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in pure aortic regurgitation: one-year outcomes of the AURORA trial.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in pure aortic regurgitation (AR) remains challenging because of inadequate anchoring forces. Traditional approaches, which rely solely on virtual annulus oversizing, have demonstrated limited success. We propose a novel anatomical classification system and dual-anchoring theory to optimise the TAVI strategy in patients with pure AR.

Berberine as a Multi-Targeted Therapeutic Agent in Melanoma: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Combination Therapies.

Melanoma is a type of aggressive cancer distinguished by its high propensity for recurrence, the development of metastases, and an unfavorable outlook for recovery. Treatment modalities for melanoma encompass surgery, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. In recent decades, berberine has garnered attention for its significant anticancer properties across various cancer types.

Unraveling the Role of METTL3 in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis via m6A-CXCL1/NF-κB modulation.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a significant cause of gastric diseases, with its pathogenic mechanisms still not fully understood. This study investigates the role of METTL3, an enzyme involved in m6A methylation, in modulating the CXCL1/NF-κB signaling pathway in H.

Plasma SFRP2 hypermethylation as a diagnostic biomarker for dilated cardiomyopathy detected by methylation-specific PCR.

Objective: To investigate the clinical utility of plasma Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 2 (SFRP2) gene hypermethylation as a non-invasive epigenetic biomarker for diagnosing Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and stratifying cardiac function.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 482 participants (241 DCM patients and 241 healthy controls) was analyzed. DCM patients were further stratified by New York Heart Association (NYHA) class into better cardiac function (BCF; NYHA I-II) and poor cardiac function (PCF; NYHA III-IV) groups.

Astragaloside IV alleviates myocardial injury in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis by targeting dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1 to improve macrophage mitochondrial function and polarization.

Objective: The present study aims to determine whether astragaloside IV (ASIV) alleviates myocardial injury in juvenile mice with multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) sepsis by targeting dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin-1), thereby restoring macrophage mitochondrial function and inhibiting pro-inflammatory M1 polarization.

Methods: In vitro, macrophage polarization was evaluated using flow cytometry (iNOS/CD86 for M1; Arg-1/CD206 for M2). Mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed using JC-1 and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) staining.

Cumulative resting heart rate load and cardiovascular risk in patients with heart failure in sinus rhythm.

Introduction And Objectives: Resting heart rate is a readily available vital sign with important prognostic significance. However, traditional measures overlook both the magnitude and duration of elevated heart rate over time. This study assessed the association between cumulative resting heart rate load and adverse outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) in sinus rhythm.