Effect of knee joint position on soleus muscle function during isokinetic plantarflexion.

Purpose: Contribution of the gastrocnemii muscles to ankle moment is influenced by the knee joint position because they span the knee and the ankle joint as well. However, limited information is available on the effect of knee joint position on soleus activation under dynamic plantarflexion, hence the aim of this study was to investigate if soleus have a compensatory strategy in fascicle behavior or EMG activity during knee flexed plantarflexion in order to reduce the magnitude of the decrement in ankle moment.

Equipment And Methods: Isokinetic dynamometry with EMG and ultrasound measurements was used to estimate medial gastrocnemius and soleus behavior during knee flexed and extended plantarflexions using three angular velocities.

Carrot-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Dual-Emission Carbon Dots for Ratiometric Detection of Tetracycline and Oxytetracycline.

The antibiotic contamination in aquatic environments, particularly in aquaculture systems, poses substantial risks to ecological balance and human health. To address this issue, we engineered a novel ratiometric fluorescent probe utilizing dual-emission carbon dots (D-CDs) synthesized from sustainable biomass carrot and nitrogen-rich precursors (melamine and o-phenylenediamine) through an efficient one-pot hydrothermal approach. The D-CDs exhibited dual emission peaks at 425nm and 540 nm under 370nm excitation.

S100A8/A9-MCAM signaling promotes gastric cancer cell progression via ERK-c-Jun activation.

S100 protein family members S100A8 and S100A9 function primarily as a heterodimer complex (S100A8/A9) in vivo. This complex has been implicated in various cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). Recent studies suggest that these proteins play significant roles in tumor progression, inflammation, and metastasis.

Predicting carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections in pediatric liver transplant recipients.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections can pose a significant risk following pediatric liver transplantations. This study aimed to identify risk factors for CRE infections and develop prediction models for pediatric recipients.

Methods: This study enrolled pediatric patients who underwent liver transplantation between 2017 and 2023.

Landscape genomics analysis reveals the genetic basis underlying cashmere goats and dairy goats adaptation to frigid environments.

Understanding the genetic mechanism of cold adaptation in cashmere goats and dairy goats is very important to improve their production performance. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively analyze the genetic basis of goat adaptation to cold environments, clarify the impact of environmental factors on genome diversity, and lay the foundation for breeding goat breeds to adapt to climate change. A total of 240 dairy goats were subjected to genome resequencing, and the whole genome sequencing data of 57 individuals from 6 published breeds were incorporated.

An unusual spindle cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma with KIF5B::MET fusion: report of a case.

The spindle cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is exceptionally rare and poses significant diagnostic challenges due to its morphological overlap with other spindle cell lesions of the thyroid. We report a novel case of spindle cell variant PTC in a 66-year-old woman presenting with a TI-RADS 4 thyroid nodule, initially classified as Bethesda III on fine-needle aspiration. Histopathological examination revealed a biphasic tumor composed predominantly of bland spindle cells arranged in solid sheets and fascicles, admixed with entrapped thyroid follicles.

Mitoribosome-Targeting Antibiotics Suppress Osteoclastogenesis and Periodontitis-Induced Bone Loss by Blocking Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis.

The onset and progression of periodontitis are closely related to metabolic reprogramming in the periodontal microenvironment, with osteoclasts playing a critical role in tissue destruction. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of periodontal tissues from healthy individuals and patients with severe chronic periodontitis revealed a significant increase in the expression of mitochondrial-related genes during osteoclast differentiation, suggesting the critical role of mitochondrial function in this process. This study investigates the potential of the novel mitoribosome-targeting antibiotic radezolid in inhibiting osteoclast differentiation.

From stem cell transplantation to stem cell-based drug delivery systems targeting hematological malignancies: recent advances and clinical considerations.

Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a promising treatment option for hematological malignancies. Despite its curative potential, it faces clinical challenges, including relapse and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Systemic toxicity due to chemotherapy is a significant problem in patients with hematological malignancies.

Sulfone-Bond-Toughened Multifunctional Hydrogels with Ion-Modulated Fluorescence and Mechanical Properties.

Sulfone bonding is an emerging dipole-dipole interaction between sulfone groups. Herein, sulfone bonding is used for the first time for engineering tough hydrogels. Sulfone-bond-toughened hydrogels are prepared by copolymerizing acrylamide with a sulfone-functionalized monomer.

circ_0049271 downregulation ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced human renal tubular endothelial cell apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress.

Circular RNA (circRNA) has been confirmed to be a regulator for septic acute kidney injury (AKI). It is reported that circ_0049271 has abnormal expression in AKI patients, but its role and mechanism in septic AKI remain unclear. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated HK-2 cells were served as the cellular model of sepsis-associated AKI (SAKI).

DNA Nanocage-Based Artificial Receptor Generator for Hydrophobic Interaction-Based Specific Membrane Anchoring.

Membrane receptor recognition is a specific biotargeting strategy for disease diagnosis and treatment, but it suffers from insufficient receptor expression levels. Hydrophobic interaction-based membrane anchoring strategy allows high anchoring density, but it lacks specificity. In this study, we present a DNA nanocage-based artificial receptor generator (DNARG) that combines the advantages of high specificity of receptor recognition and high density of hydrophobic membrane anchoring.

CRISPR RNP-Mediated Transgene-Free Genome Editing in Plants: Advances, Challenges and Future Directions for Tree Species.

CRISPR ribonucleoprotein (RNP)-mediated genome editing offers a transgene-free platform for precise genetic modification in diverse herbaceous and tree species, including rice, wheat, apple, poplar, oil palm, rubber tree and grapevine. However, its application in woody plants faces distinct challenges, notably inefficient delivery and regeneration difficulties, particularly in species such as bamboo. While some of these issues also occur in herbaceous plants, they are often significantly more complex in woody species due to factors such as intricate cell wall architecture, widespread recalcitrant genotypes and inherent limitations of current delivery platforms.

Impact of influenza on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: pathophysiology, exacerbations, and preventive approaches.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent respiratory condition associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly during respiratory infections such as influenza. The interaction between COPD and influenza is multifaceted, involving compromised immune responses, chronic inflammation, and impaired lung function. Influenza infection can exacerbate COPD, leading to acute exacerbations, hospitalizations, and higher mortality.

Toward Rational Electrocatalyst Design: Dynamic Insights from Liquid Environmental Transmission Electron Microscopy.

Electrocatalysis, a pivotal field at the intersection of physical chemistry and materials science, plays a crucial role in advancing energy conversion and storage technologies through rational catalyst design. However, understanding reaction mechanisms at the atomic level remains a great challenge due to the intricate interplay between catalysts, reactants, and complex environments (e.g.

Fabrication and production of conjugated neurotensin-silver nanoparticles and evaluation of its effect on pathophysiology of allergic asthma.

Asthma, a respiratory tract disease, is characterized by inflammation and obstruction of airway. Inflammatory cells play a significant role in allergic asthma, and there is no complete cure for asthma. One of the new approaches in medicines is nanoparticle-base treatment.

Knockdown of ARHGDIB promotes autophagy and reduces inflammation in LPS-induced alveolar epithelial cells via the PRKACB/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical clinical condition with high mortality, necessitating the development of more effective therapeutic strategies. Rho Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDP) beta (ARHGDIB) has been shown to exert protective effects against noxious stimuli in various disease models.

Objective: In this study, we investigated whether ARHGDIB knockdown had a protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury in alveolar epithelial cells and elucidated its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Glycyrrhizin alleviates renal damage in MRL/lpr mice by modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis and regulating the RTK-PKCα axis: insights from reverse network pharmacology.

The present investigation elucidates the therapeutic potential of glycyrrhizin, the predominant triterpene saponin isolated from (licorice), in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disorder characterized by multisystemic involvement and therapeutic recalcitrance. Comprehensive interrogation of multiple disease-specific databases facilitated the identification of crucial SLE-associated molecular targets and hub genes, with MAPK1, MAPK3, TP53, JUN, and JAK2 demonstrating the highest degree of network centrality. Subsequent molecular docking simulations and binding affinity assessments revealed compounds with exceptional complementarity to these pivotal molecular targets, establishing as a pharmacologically promising botanical source and glycyrrhizin as its principal bioactive constituent meriting comprehensive mechanistic investigation.

Testis-specific protein HSF5 is essential for proper chromatin organization and transcriptional reprogramming to drive pachynema progression.

Chromatin remodeling and transcriptional reprogramming play critical roles during mammalian meiotic prophase I; however, the precise mechanisms regulating these processes remain poorly understood. Our previous work demonstrated that deletion of heat shock factor 5 (HSF5), a member of the heat shock factor family, induces meiotic arrest and male infertility. However, the molecular pathways through which HSF5 governs meiotic progression have not yet been fully elucidated.

Apoptosis regulates intestinal regeneration via iPLA2 and EGFL7 signaling in .

Apoptosis preserves organismal homeostasis by selectively eliminating unnecessary or damaged cells, with accumulating evidence also suggesting that it activates regenerative pathways and facilitates tissue remodeling. To date, however, the regulatory mechanisms linking this form of programmed cell death to regeneration remain poorly defined, particularly in evolutionarily basal organisms. Using the sea cucumber ( ) as a model for intestinal regeneration, this study identified robust apoptotic activity across key regenerative stages.

The Role of Gut Microbiota on Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Mediated by Circulating Inflammatory Proteins: A Two-Step, Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Persistent inflammation is a crucial characteristic of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Gut microbiota (GM) contribute to the occurrence and development of several pulmonary diseases through the "gut-lung axis." The genetic role of GM in IPF and the mediating effect of circulating inflammatory proteins.

Phase II Dose-Randomized Study of Sunvozertinib in Platinum-Pretreated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Exon 20 Insertion Mutations (WU-KONG1B).

Purpose: WU-KONG1B (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03974022) is a multinational phase II, dose-randomized study to assess the antitumor efficacy of sunvozertinib in pretreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor () exon 20 insertion mutations (exon20ins).

Methods: Eligible patients with advanced-stage exon20ins NSCLC were randomly assigned by 1:1 ratio to receive sunvozertinib 200 mg or 300 mg once daily (200 and 300 mg-rand cohorts).

High-voltage electrical pulses for pancreatic cancer treatment in the era of precision medicine.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) presents a significant therapeutic challenge due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Emerging evidence supports the efficacy of high-voltage electrical pulses (HVEPs) in PC treatment, leveraging dual benefits of pancreatobiliary duct integrity maintenance and immunogenicity activation.

Objective: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from January 2000 to January 2025.