Calcified vs. Non-Calcified Tendinopathy of the Rotator Cuff: Clinical Presentations, Prognostic Implications, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.

Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a common cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction, presenting in two primary forms: calcific and non-calcific. These subtypes differ significantly in their pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and natural history, necessitating tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This review delineates the clinical presentations of calcific rotator cuff tendinopathy (RCCT), characterized by distinct pre-calcific, calcific, and post-calcific stages, and contrasts them with the more insidious, degenerative course of non-calcific rotator cuff tendinopathy.

Work-related stress among sworn and non-sworn law enforcement personnel.

Sworn law enforcement personnel in the United States face high rates of work-related stress. Yet, the well-being of more than 300,000 non-sworn personnel, particularly regarding work-related trauma and stress, remains underexplored. This study aims to test the hypothesis that non-sworn personnel experience lower levels of stress, comparing stress and probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) between sworn and non-sworn personnel.

Anomalous Origin of the Right Coronary Artery from the Left Main Coronary Artery in A Patient with Non-Specific Chest Pain.

Unlabelled: Anomalous origin of the coronary arteries is a rare congenital condition that can present as non-specific chest pain or shortness of breath or remain asymptomatic. Early identification is critical as certain variants are linked with a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Here, we report the case of a 53-year-old female with hypertension, hypothyroidism, obesity (class II) and a history of intermittent chest pain radiating to the left arm for two years.

Rapidly Progressive Primary Central Nervous System Vasculitis: A Rare Case with Multifocal Small and Medium Vessel Involvement.

Introduction: Primary central nervous system vasculitis (primary CNS vasculitis) is a rare inflammatory disorder that affects small-to-medium-sized cerebral vessels, often leading to recurrent strokes. Diagnosis is vague due to non-specific neurological symptoms. Imaging findings, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and exclusion of systemic vasculitis are essential for diagnosis.

Janus Kinase Inhibitors as A Breakthrough Treatment for Refractory Dissecting Cellulitis of the Scalp.

Background: Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) is a rare, chronic neutrophilic dermatosis that is often refractory to conventional therapies.

Case Report: We present a 29-year-old male with treatment-resistant DCS who achieved rapid and sustained remission following off-label use of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor. Previous therapies, including antibiotics, corticosteroids, and isotretinoin, had failed.

Lineage Switch of Adult B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia to Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Following B-Cell-Directed Therapy.

Background: Blinatumomab and inotuzumab ozogamicin (InO) are B-cell targeted agents used in the frontline and relapsed/refractory treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL). Blinatumomab, a bispecific T-cell engager that targets CD19 and CD3, and InO, an antibody-drug conjugate targeting CD22, have both shown efficacy. However, recent reports have noted lineage conversion as a complication when these agents are used individually or sequentially.

Multi-Omics and Clinical Validation Identify Key Glycolysis- and Immune-Related Genes in Sepsis.

Background: Sepsis is characterized by profound immune and metabolic perturbations, with glycolysis serving as a pivotal modulator of immune responses. However, the molecular mechanisms linking glycolytic reprogramming to immune dysfunction remain poorly defined.

Methods: Transcriptomic profiles of sepsis were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus.

Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Hyperuricemia in Perimenopausal Women.

Objective: To develop and validate a nomogram model for predicting the risk of hyperuricemia (HUA) in perimenopausal women.

Methods: In this study, physical examination information of perimenopausal women was collected at the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China. We utilized the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) and binary logistic regression to investigate the risk factors of HUA among perimenopausal women.

Identifying Features of Electroencephalography Associated with Improved Awareness in Persistent Vegetative State via Multiscale Entropy: A Machine Learning Modeling Study.

Accurate differentiation between persistent vegetative state (PVS) and minimally conscious state and estimation of recovery likelihood in patients in PVS are crucial. This study analyzed electroencephalography (EEG) metrics to investigate their relationship with consciousness improvements in patients in PVS and developed a machine learning prediction model. We retrospectively evaluated 19 patients in PVS, categorizing them into two groups: those with improved consciousness ( = 7) and those without improvement ( = 12).

A myotropic AAV vector combined with skeletal muscle -regulatory elements improve glycogen clearance in mouse models of Pompe disease.

Pompe disease is a glycogen storage disorder caused by mutations in the acid α-glucosidase (GAA) gene, leading to reduced GAA activity and glycogen accumulation in heart and skeletal muscles. Enzyme replacement therapy with recombinant GAA, the standard of care for Pompe disease, is limited by poor skeletal muscle distribution and immune responses after repeated administrations. The expression of GAA in muscle with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors has shown limitations, mainly the low targeting efficiency and immune responses to the transgene.

Species-specific gene expression manipulation in humanized livers of chimeric mice via siRNA-encapsulated lipid nanoparticle treatment.

Liver-humanized chimeric mice (PXB-mice) are widely utilized for predicting human pharmacokinetics (PK) and as human disease models. However, residual metabolic activity of mouse hepatocytes in chimeric mice can interfere with accurate human PK estimation. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-formulated small interfering RNA (siRNA) treatment makes it possible to eliminate the shortcomings of chimeras and create new models.

Lipid nanoparticles: Composition, formulation, and application.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are lead non-viral vectors for delivering nucleic acids. LNPs can efficiently encapsulate nucleic acids, protect them from degradation, enhance cellular uptake and induce endosome escape, which show high transfection efficiency and low immunogenicity. In this review, we first introduce the LNP components, highlighting their critical roles in encapsulation, stability, delivery efficiency, and tissue tropism.

Heterogeneous zinc/catechol-derived resin microsphere-functionalized composite hydrogels with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities promote bacterial-infected wound healing.

Bacterial infection in the injured skin may threaten the wound repair and skin regeneration owing to aggravated inflammation. The multifunctional dressings with persistent antibacterial activity and improved anti-inflammatory capability are urgently required. Herein, a type of heterogeneous zinc/catechol-derived resin microspheres (Zn/CFRs) composed of zinc ions (Zn) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles was developed to impart the methacrylamide chitosan (CSMA)-oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA) hydrogel with a persistent Zn release behavior.

Plants, Pills, and the Brain: Exploring Phytochemicals and Neurological Medicines.

Neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, spinal cord injuries, and traumatic brain injuries, represent substantial global health challenges due to their chronic and often progressive nature. While allopathic medicine offers a range of pharmacological interventions aimed at managing symptoms and mitigating disease progression, it is accompanied by limitations, including adverse side effects, the development of drug resistance, and incomplete efficacy. In parallel, phytochemicals-bioactive compounds derived from plants-are receiving increased attention for their potential neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Construction of Silver-Calcium Micro-Galvanic Cell on Titanium for Immunoregulation Osteogenesis.

This work aims to construct a functional titanium surface with spontaneous electrical stimulation for immune osteogenesis and antibacteria. A silver-calcium micro-galvanic cell was engineered on the titanium implant surface to spontaneously generate microcurrents for osteoimmunomodulation and bacteria killing, which provides a promising strategy for the design of a multifunctional electroactive titanium implant. Titanium-based implants are usually bioinert, which often leads to inflammation-induced loosening.

Recent Advances in Metal-Organic Frameworks for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

With the rapid advancement of communication technologies, issues of electromagnetic pollution and electromagnetic compatibility have become increasingly severe, heightening the demand for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have flourished in this field owing to their chemical tunability, high porosity, tailored topological structures, and functionality. MOF-derived composites exhibit diverse loss mechanisms and heterogeneous structures, achieving lightweight, broadband, and highly efficient absorption.

Immunotherapies for Aging and Age-Related Diseases: Advances, Pitfalls, and Prospects.

Aging is characterized by a gradual decline in the functionality of all the organs and tissues, leading to various diseases. As the global population ages, the urgency to develop effective anti-aging strategies becomes increasingly critical due to the growing severity of associated health problems. Immunotherapy offers novel and promising approaches to combat aging by utilizing approaches including vaccines, antibodies, and cytokines to target specific aging-related molecules and pathways.

Ultra-sensitive pH responsive hydrogels with injectable and self-healing performance for controlled drug delivery.

Ultra-sensitive pH-responsive drug delivery system designed to operate within the slightly acidic microenvironment of tumors are highly desired for hydrogel applications in cancer therapy. In this study, 4-Formylbenzoic acid modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-FBA, PF) was synthesized and utilized as a carrier for encapsulating the anticancer drug Doxorubicin (Dox). This was subsequently crosslinked with polyethylenimine (PEI) via benzoic-imine bond to form drug-loaded PVA-FBA/PEI hydrogel (D-PFP).

Occupational Sharps and Needlestick Injuries Among Physician Residents at an Academic Medical Center.

Objective: Occupational sharps and needlestick injuries (SNSI) are a significant and persistent challenge in the U.S. healthcare work environment.

The Comparative Effects of White Potato and White Rice Consumption on Measures of Cardiometabolic Health in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Features of Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of daily consumption of white potatoes compared with white rice on cardiometabolic health in individuals with type-2 diabetes (T2D).

Objective: To determine the effects of white potato consumption compared to white rice (a commonly consumed refined grain) on indices of glycemic control and cardiovascular health in individuals with overweight or obesity and T2D.

Methods: In this randomized crossover study, comparative control trial, 24 adults with T2D [45-80 y, body mass index (kg/m) 25-40] consumed baked white potatoes (100 g) or calorie-matched white rice (75 g) daily for 12 wk, separated by a 2-wk washout, with assessments of glycemic control, lipids, inflammation, blood pressure, endothelial function, and body composition at baseline (only 1 baseline visit included as a covariate in statistical analyses), 6 wk, and 12 wk.

Machine learning predicts improvement of functional outcomes in spinal cord injury patients after inpatient rehabilitation.

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) presents a significant burden to patients, families, and the healthcare system. The ability to accurately predict functional outcomes for SCI patients is essential for optimizing rehabilitation strategies, guiding patient and family decision making, and improving patient care.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 589 SCI patients admitted to a single acute rehabilitation facility and used the dataset to train advanced machine learning algorithms to predict patients' rehabilitation outcomes.

Qualitative insights from an online community-based exercise intervention for persons living with HIV.

Introduction: Online community-based exercise (CBE) is a rehabilitation strategy that can promote health outcomes among people living with HIV. We aimed to describe experiences implementing a community-based exercise (CBE) intervention with adults living with HIV.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal qualitative descriptive study involving interviews with adults living with HIV and persons implementing an online tele-coaching CBE intervention.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis: knowledge, practices and occurrence among pregnant women receiving antenatal care in a teaching hospital, Ghana.

Background: Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is a condition commonly caused by . It is the second most common infection of the female genitalia affecting many women worldwide. Studies have identified unhealthy genital care practices to be associated with the infection among women including expectant mothers.

Preclinical dementia rating scores are associated with plasma phosphorylated tau-217.

Introduction: Simple screening tools are critical for assessing Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pre-dementia changes. This study investigated longitudinal scores from the Quick Dementia Rating System (QDRS), a brief study partner-reported measure, in relation to baseline levels of the AD biomarker plasma pTau217 in individuals unimpaired at baseline.

Methods: Data from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (N = 639) were used to examine whether baseline plasma pTau217 (ALZpath assay on Quanterix platform) modified QDRS or Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (PACC3) trajectories (mixed-effects models; time = age).