Viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probes based on the hemicyanine for the organelle-specific visualization during autophagy and ferroptosis.

The dynamic monitoring of cell death processes remains a significant challenge due to the scarcity of highly sensitive molecular tools. In this study, two hemicyanine-based probes (5a-5b) with D-π-A structures were developed for organelle-specific viscosity monitoring. Both probes exhibited correlation with the Förster-Hoffmann viscosity-dependent relationship (R > 0.

Warfarin reduces circulating white blood cell count: Post-hoc analysis of two randomized trials.

Warfarin is a widely used vitamin K antagonist (VKA) with known pleiotropic effects beyond anticoagulation. Preclinical and case-control evidence suggests that warfarin may affect hematopoiesis, but longitudinal human evidence is lacking. To explore this potential effect, we conducted a post-hoc analysis of participants in the Hokusai-VTE and ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trials, which randomized patients to warfarin or the direct oral anticoagulant edoxaban with routine laboratory testing at predefined follow-up visits.

The effect of aromatherapy massage with peppermint oil on functional impairments in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder that significantly impairs physical function and daily activities. While conventional treatments focus on symptom management, complementary therapies such as aromatherapy massage have gained attention for their potential benefits.

Objective: This study evaluates the effects of peppermint oil aromatherapy massage on functional impairments in KOA patients.

Parenting stress in autism spectrum disorder: A comparative analysis with other developmental disabilities.

Objective: To compare parenting stress between parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental disabilities (DDs) and to examine ASD's influence on parenting stress through mediation analysis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 48 children with ASD (ASD group) and 77 with non-ASD DDs (non-ASD group), along with one of their parents, at the Gyeongsang National University Hospital between May 2021 and August 2024. All underwent developmental assessments and completed the Korean version of the Parenting Stress Index-4 and the Child Interactive Behavior Test (CIBT).

Early warning of harmful cyanobacteria blooms based on high frequency in situ monitoring and intelligible machine learning modelling: The case study of Lake Müggelsee (Germany).

Driven by eutrophication and global warming, the occurrence and frequency of harmful cyanobacteria blooms (CyanoHABs) are increasing worldwide, posing a serious threat to human health and biodiversity. Early warning enables precautional control measures of CyanoHABs within water bodies and in water works, and it becomes operational with high frequency in situ data (HFISD) of water quality and forecasting models by machine learning (ML). However, the acceptance of early warning systems by end-users relies significantly on the interpretability and generalizability of underlying models, and their operability.

Resolve and regulate: Alum nanoplatform coordinating STING availability and agonist delivery for enhanced anti-tumor immunotherapy.

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway represents a promising target in cancer immunotherapy. However, the clinical translation of cyclic dinucleotide (CDN)-based STING agonists remains hindered by insufficient formation of functional CDN-STING complexes. This critical bottleneck arises from two interdependent barriers: inefficient cytosolic CDN delivery and tumor-specific STING silencing via DNA methyltransferase-mediated promoter hypermethylation.

Predicting left-without-being-seen in an emergency department as a dynamic risk.

Study Objective: Accurately predicting which Emergency Department (ED) patients are at high risk of leaving without being seen (LWBS) could enable targeted interventions aimed at reducing LWBS rates. Machine Learning (ML) models that dynamically update these risk predictions as patients experience more time waiting were developed and validated, in order to improve the prediction accuracy and correctly identify more patients who LWBS.

Methods: The study was deemed quality improvement by the institutional review board, and collected all patient visits to the ED of a large academic medical campus over 24 months.

Gene dysregulation impairs placental angiogenesis in allogeneic pig pregnancies.

Embryo transfer (ET) is a valuable reproductive technology in pigs, albeit its efficiency remains significantly lower than that of natural mating or artificial insemination (AI), owing to high embryonic death rates. Critical for embryo survival and pregnancy success is the placenta, which supports conceptus development through nutrient exchange, hormone production, and immune modulation. Alterations in placental development and function may therefore underlie the reduced efficiency of ET.

Attitudes and ethical beliefs of Russian psychiatrists towards the use of coercive treatment practices.

In many countries little is known about the attitudes and ethical beliefs of practicing psychiatrists towards the use of coercive practices. This is true as regards Russia where coercion was used for political purposes during the Soviet period. However, substantial changes have occurred in the psychiatric system in recent decades with a focus on patients' rights and the idea of consent.

Associations of frailty and its changes with the risks of depressive symptoms: A multi-cohort study.

Background: Frailty is a dynamic condition that may affect mental health. This study aimed to investigate the associations of frailty and its changes with the risks of depressive symptoms across multiple regions in aging populations.

Methods: Data were drawn from five cohort studies in the United States, England, Europe, China, and Mexico.

Exploring the olfactory repertoire of the ecologically important parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): from gene structures to expression analysis.

The ability of parasitoid wasps to precisely locate hosts in complex environments is a key factor in suppressing pest populations. Chemical communication plays an essential role in mediating insect behaviors such as locating food sources, hosts, and mates. Odorant receptors (ORs) are the key connection between external odors and olfactory nerves.

Nutritional and Pharmacological Significance of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L): A Comprehensive Narrative Review.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L) is a rich source of bioactive compounds, including punicalagin, ellagic acid, anthocyanins, and urolithins, which contribute to its broad pharmacological potential. This review summarizes evidence from in vitro and in vivo experiments, as well as clinical studies, highlighting pomegranate's therapeutic effects in inflammation, metabolic disorders, cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, microbial infections, and skin conditions. Mechanistic insights show modulation of pathways such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2).

Barriers and facilitators of pediatric adherence to antiretroviral therapy: perspectives from caregivers in Türkiye.

Aim: This study aimed to describe barriers and facilitators of the adherence of children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to antiretroviral therapy (ART) from the perspectives of their caregivers.

Methods: In-depth interviews were held with the caregivers of 15 children. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis procedures.

A child with ulcerative colitis presenting with delirium: a case report.

Background: Delirium in patients with ulcerative colitis may be seen, especially in the elderly and in patients hospitalized for a long time. In children, Wernicke's encephalopathy may occur due to thiamine deficiency in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. We present a patient with ulcerative colitis who presented with delirium as the first symptom, did not respond to steroid treatment and improved with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha treatment.

Association of problematic internet use with health-related daily habits in adolescents: evidence from a school-based survey.

Background: With the development of technology, easier access to the internet and its excessive use have led to problematic internet use (PIU). The prevalence of PIU and its association with lifestyle behaviors in adolescents have become subjects of increasing academic interest. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PIU among Turkish high school students and to investigate its association with sleep, physical activity and dietary habits.

An alternative approach to diagnosis and treatment of intractable paroxysmal sneezing in a child.

Background: Intractable paroxysmal sneezing is a rare and diagnostically challenging condition in children, often mimicking organic diseases. While it is often addressed as psychogenic in the literature, our case presented findings suggestive of a tic disorder, highlighting the need for a broader diagnostic perspective.

Case Presentation: An 11-year-old girl was referred to the child and adolescent psychiatry clinic with a one-year history of persistent and fluctuating sneezing episodes.

Human-Centered Urban Heat Island Intensity in Global Megacities: Nonlinear Response Patterns and Region-Specific Thresholds.

As the global urban heat island (UHI) effect intensifies, understanding how UHI intensity responds to its influencing factors changes is critical for designing effective mitigation strategies. We focused on global megacities, shifted the UHI intensity assessment from physical indicators to human-related parameters, and then evaluated how human-centered UHI intensity responded to influencing factor change. We verified a significant discrepancy between traditional UHI intensity and human-centered UHI intensity worldwide, an average absolute difference of 1.

ONAC005 enhances salt stress tolerance by promoting suberin deposition in root endodermis.

Salt stress impairs photosynthetic efficiency and consequently reduces the growth, development, and grain yield of crop plants. The formation of hydrophobic barriers in the root endodermis, including the suberin lamellae and Casparian strips, is a key adaptive strategy for salt stress tolerance. In this study, we identified the role of the rice NAC transcription factor, ONAC005, in salt stress tolerance.

Controlling collagen I orientation on polyetheretherketone implants to improve epithelial sealing.

Transcutaneous devices such as dental implants frequently fail due to infections at their interfaces with epithelial tissues. These infections are facilitated by the lack of integration between the devices and the surrounding soft tissues. This study aims to improve epithelial integration through surface modification of a transcutaneous implant material (polyetheretherketone (PEEK)).

Engineering of a Complex of the DNase Domain of Colicin E9 with the Immunity Protein Im9 Activated by the Protease pS273R of African Swine Fever Virus.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a large DNA virus that causes a highly lethal disease in pigs and currently has no effective vaccines or antiviral treatments available. We designed a protein switch that combines the DNase domain of colicin E9 (DNase E9) and its inhibitor Im9 with the viral protease cleavage site. The complex is only destroyed in the presence of an ASFV pS273R protease, which releases DNase activity.

Asymmetric Fe-O-Ni Pair Sites in Two-Step Dealloyed Prussian Blue Analogue Nanocubes Enrich Linear-Adsorbed Intermediates for Efficient Oxygen Evolution.

Ni-Fe (oxy)hydroxides are among the most active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in alkaline media. However, achieving precise control over local asymmetric Fe-O-Ni active sites in Ni-Fe oxyhydroxides for key oxygenated intermediates' adsorption steric configuration regulation of the OER is still challenging. Herein, we report a two-step dealloying strategy to fabricate asymmetric Fe-O-Ni pair sites in the shell of NiOOH@FeOOH/NiOOH heterostructures from NiFe Prussian blue analogue (PBA) nanocubes, involving anion exchange and structure reconstruction.

Bioactive Coatings for Cardiovascular Stents: Modulating Immune Response for Enhanced Performance.

Cardiovascular disorders remain a leading cause of death worldwide, and the use of contemporary stents is paving the way for a profound shift in the field of cardiology. In the surgical process postimplantation, the graft or stent and host-immune interaction play a significant role in the healing process, thus it is a major challenge in healthcare. To address these challenges, recent advancements have introduced bioactive coatings with specialized modifications in stents to enhance their interaction with surrounding environment.

Microbial Enzymes for Biomass Conversion.

Plant biomass has emerged as a cornerstone of the global bioenergy landscape because of its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The cell wall of plant biomass is an intricate network of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose by holoenzymes converts these polymers into monosaccharides and paves the way for the production of bioethanol and other bio-based products.