Aortic hemorrhage following anastomotic leakage after esophagogastric surgery before and after implementation of endoscopic vacuum therapy.

Background: Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) has been established as a safe and effective treatment for anastomotic leakage. While rare, major aortic hemorrhage has been reported as a severe complication potentially associated with EVT. However, significant hemorrhages have also been observed in patients with transmural defects in the upper gastrointestinal tract, without the use of EVT.

Interethnic Climate and Psychological Adjustment in High School: The Role of School Belonging and Ethnic Identity.

School interethnic climate has interpersonal and intrapersonal implications for adolescent development, but little is known of how it influences their psychological adjustment over time, let alone what drives this influence. This study examined whether two components of identity-school belonging perceptions and ethnic-racial identity beliefs-mediate the association between 10th grade perceptions of school interethnic climate and 12th grade psychological adjustment. The analytic sample includes 849 students (50% girls; 30% Latinx, 27% White, 16% Asian/Pacific Islander, 18% Multiethnic, 6% African American/Black, 3% Other).

Cisternal Contrast-Enhanced MRI Reveals Post-Stroke Glymphatic Impairment and Compensatory Metabolic Waste Clearance via Microglia/Macrophages.

Recent studies have shown that the glymphatic system plays a crucial role in driving hyperacute edema after ischemic stroke. This has sparked interest in understanding how this system changes in later phases of ischemic stroke. In this study, we utilized cisternal contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) and immunofluorescence staining to investigate glymphatic system alterations at subacute and chronic phases of ischemic stroke.

Genesis, Health Benefits, and Future Perspectives of Probiotics: Exploring Endogenous and Exogenous Classes, Innovations, and Research Gaps.

Probiotics are live beneficial microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts, have gained considerable scientific and commercial interest for their ability to support gut health, strengthen immunity, and reduce disease risk. This review traces the genesis of probiotic science from its origins in traditional fermented foods to contemporary clinical applications, offering a conceptual understanding of its evolution. A clear distinction is drawn between endogenous probiotics, naturally resident in the human microbiome, and exogenous probiotics, introduced via dietary supplements and functional foods.

Investigating the mechanisms of indocyanine green tumour uptake in sarcoma cell lines and ex vivo human tissue.

Indocyanine green (ICG) is a well-established near-infrared dye which has been used clinically for several decades. Recently, it has been utilised for fluorescence-guided surgery in a range of solid cancer types, including sarcoma, with the aim of reducing the positive margin rate. The increased uptake and retention of ICG within tumours, compared with normal tissue, gives surgeons a visual reference to aid resection when viewed through a near-infrared camera.

Environmentally friendly synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) to enhance photocatalytic activity for the photodegradation of various organic dyes and the evolution of hydrogen and oxygen.

This review delivers a focused and critical evaluation of recent progress in the green synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs), with particular attention to state-of-the-art approaches utilizing renewable biomass as precursors. The main objective is to systematically examine innovative, environmentally friendly methods and clarify their direct influence on the core properties and photocatalytic performance of CQDs. The novelty of this review stems from its comprehensive comparison of green synthetic pathways, revealing how specific processes determine key structural, optical, and electronic attributes of the resulting CQDs.

Boreal Toad Survival Varies by Degree of Attenuation and Adaptation of a Fungal Pathogen.

Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a fungal pathogen responsible for dramatic declines of amphibian populations around the world. Experimental exposure studies have documented differences in host susceptibility to Bd, but variation in study designs may limit our ability to compare inferences across studies. Using laboratory-maintained pathogen cultures that may lose virulence over time (i.

Predictors of change in sleep disturbance in Canadian long-term care facilities: a longitudinal analysis based on interRAI assessments.

Purpose: Sleep disturbance is prevalent in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), yet there is limited understanding of individual factors predicting changes in sleep within these populations. Our objective was to determine predictors of sleep disturbance in LTCFs and investigate variation in prevalence across facilities in two Canadian provinces-New Brunswick and Saskatchewan.

Method: This retrospective longitudinal cohort study used interRAI comprehensive health assessment data from 2016 to 2021, encompassing 21,394 older adults aged ≥ 65 years across 228 LTCFs.

Global Research Trends in EV-Based Cell-Free Therapy for Osteoarthritis: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) represents a major global health challenge with no ideal treatment options available. Early-stage treatment typically focuses on symptomatic relief of pain and stiffness; while late-stage patients can only opt for surgical interventions such as joint replacement to improve quality of life. Cell-free therapy based on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has offered a novel therapeutic approach for regulating bone metabolism and repairing cartilage, demonstrating emerging potential.

Lysosome-dependent cell death: disease implications and potential therapeutic targets.

Lysosome-dependent cell death (LDCD) is a regulated form of cell death initiated by increased lysosomal membrane permeability, leading to the cytoplasmic release of lysosomal enzymes and subsequent cellular damage. Molecular mechanisms controlling LDCD include lysosomal membrane instability and lysosomal enzyme release, which together lead to cell damage. A more profound comprehension of these underlying mechanisms may reveal new therapeutic targets for diseases associated with lysosomal dysfunction.

Drawing insights: exploring how participants experience rich picture interviews for studying complex issues in health professions education.

Innovative qualitative approaches are essential for exploring how health professions education (HPE) can address complex, value-laden constructs such as social accountability. Visual elicitation techniques, including rich picture interviews (RPIs), offer distinctive opportunities to surface layered, affective, and contextually embedded understandings. This methodological study examines participant perspectives on the use of RPIs within a broader qualitative interpretive description on social accountability.

Potential repurposing of lapatinib and pazopanib as neuroprotective agents in a rat model of Huntington's disease.

The neuroprotective potential of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), potent anticancer drugs, was verified against various neurodegenerative insults, but not Huntington's disease (HD). These promising outcomes were due to their ability to modulate various intracellular signalling pathways. Hence, the current study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of lapatinib and pazopanib in the 3-nitropropionic (3-NP)-induced HD model in rats.

Effect of pentoxifylline on serum levels and gene expression of inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methylxanthine derivative, has been recognized as a potential anti-inflammatory treatment across various conditions, yet its effects on inflammatory markers remain inconsistent. This systematic review/meta-analysis evaluated the impact of PTX on serum levels and gene expression of key inflammatory markers in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and ProQuest up to May 2025.

Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome with curcumin: mechanisms and therapeutic promise in chronic inflammation.

The NOD‑like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a key molecular complex that amplifies inflammatory cascades by maturing interleukin‑1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin‑18 (IL-18) and inducing pyroptosis. It serves as a major driver and co-driver of numerous diseases associated with chronic inflammation. Dysregulated NLRP3 activation contributes to the progression of disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis.

Health-related quality of life of single-person households in the United States: results from the 2014-2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Purpose: Little is known about the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of single-person households. We evaluated the physical and mental health impairment associated with household arrangements.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2014-2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data.

Utility and performance of cerebrospinal fluid cytology in discriminating central nervous system infections and brain tumors.

Background And Objective: Differentiating central nervous system infections (CNSIs) from brain tumors (BTs) is difficult due to overlapping features and the limited individual indicators, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology remains underutilized. To improve differential diagnosis, we developed a model based on 9 early, cost-effective cerebrospinal fluid parameters, including CSF cytology.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with CNSIs or BTs at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between October 1st, 2017 and March 31st, 2024 were enrolled and divided into the training set and the test set.

Long-term outcomes of modern radiation therapy for pituitary adenoma - different techniques: single institute experience.

Background: Pituitary adenomas are relatively common benign intracranial tumors that may cause significant hormonal imbalances and visual impairments. Radiotherapy (RT) remains an important treatment option, particularly for patients with residual tumor after surgery, recurrent disease, or ongoing hormonal hypersecretion. This study summarizes long-term clinical outcomes and radiation-associated toxicities in patients with pituitary adenomas treated with contemporary radiotherapy techniques at a single institution.

Acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation: efficacy of the use of absorbable haemostatic gelatin in uterine artery embolisation.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and complications of absorbable haemostatic gelatin uterine artery embolisation for symptomatic acquired uterine arterio-venous malformation (UAVM).

Methods: All the adult female patients who had acute urogenital bleeding due to UAVM confirmed on ultrasound and received uterine artery embolisation (UAE) for UAVM in a tertiary institution between January 2000 and October 2024 were included. Patients who had UAE for other causes were excluded.

Clinical evaluation of motion robust reconstruction using deep learning in lung CT.

In lung CT imaging, motion artifacts caused by cardiac motion and respiration are common. Recently, CLEAR Motion, a deep learning-based reconstruction method that applies motion correction technology, has been developed. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the clinical usefulness of CLEAR Motion.

Using Medication Dispensation Data to Identify Clusters with Similar Prescribing Patterns in Older Adults Living with Dementia.

Background And Objectives: Older adults living with dementia are a heterogeneous group, which can make studying optimal medication management challenging. Unsupervised machine learning is a group of computing methods that rely on unlabeled data-that is, where the algorithm itself is discovering patterns without the need for researchers to label the data with a known outcome. These methods may help us to better understand complex prescribing patterns in this population.

Heart-derived endogenous stem cells.

Regenerative cardiology has emerged as a novel strategy to improve cardiac healing following ischemic injury. While stem-cell-mediated cardiac regeneration has garnered much attention as a promising strategy, its value remains debated owing to the lack of ideal stem cell source candidates. Resident/endogenous cardiac-derived stromal cells (CSCs) exhibit superior therapeutic potential due to their innate abilities to differentiate into cardiac cells, especially cardiomyocytes (CM).

Quantitative MRI Dixon signal drop and fat fraction for differentiating bone marrow lesions: a two-center prospective analysis.

Background: Bone marrow (BM) lesion differentiation remains challenging, and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may enhance accuracy over conventional methods. We evaluated the diagnostic value and inter-reader reliability of Dixon-based signal drop (%drop) and fat fraction percentage (%fat) as adjuncts to existing protocols.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective two-center study, 172 patients with BM signal abnormalities underwent standardized 1.