Multicenter Practice of Non/Minimized Fluoroscopy Ablation for Paroxysmal AF in China: The PAF-ICE Trial.

Background: Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE)-guided non/minimized-fluoroscopy catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) has been reported, but its effectiveness and safety still lack multicenter evidence.

Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ICE-guided non/minimized-fluoroscopy catheter ablation compared with the traditional fluoroscopy-guided approach in patients with paroxysmal AF.

Methods: A total of 448 patients with paroxysmal AF, from 15 centers in China, were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a non/minimized-fluoroscopy group (n = 223) and a traditional approach group (n = 225).

Comparison of the arthroscopic and open surgery for the treatment of acute high-grade acromioclavicular joint dislocation using suture button: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To conduct a meta-analysis of clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of arthroscopic and open surgery for the treatment of acute high-grade acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation using a suture button.

Methods: The review process was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two independent reviewers conducted the literature searches based on preferred reporting items from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Lower Respiratory Infections in Children: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study, 2021.

Background: Lower respiratory infections (LRI) are a leading cause of death among children aged 0 to 14 globally. LRI burden estimates remain incomplete, especially in resource-limited settings.

Objective: To assess the global, regional, and national burden of LRI in children, analyse trends in incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and predict future burden projections from 2022 to 2035, exploring variations in major bacterial pathogens.

Equivalence of oral and intravenous tranexamic acid in knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is widely used to manage blood loss in joint arthroplasty. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of oral versus intravenous TXA in knee arthroplasty, focusing on blood loss and related outcomes.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.

The role of CBFβ::MYH11 fusion gene in acute lysis pneumopathy: A dual impact on risk and prognosis.

Acute lysis pneumopathy (ALP) is a rare but fatal complication that can occur during induction chemotherapy for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Currently, there is a paucity of large case reports detailing high-risk and poor prognostic factors associated with its occurrence. To provide evidence-based guidance on ALP, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 608 patients with newly diagnosed AML (non-M3), among whom 20 developed ALP during hydroxycarbamide (hydroxyurea) therapy and/or induction chemotherapy, resulting in an overall incidence rate of 3.

Modulating metabolism to improve the therapeutic outcomes of CAR cell therapies: From bench to bedside.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell therapies have emerged as a groundbreaking approach in cancer treatment, offering new hope for patients with refractory tumors. Despite their success, the therapeutic efficacy of CAR cell therapies is often undermined by metabolic factors within the tumor microenvironment (TME), which impede CAR cell function and lead to treatment resistance. Current literature has not fully explored how these metabolic processes contribute to CAR cell therapy failure, particularly in the context of solid tumors, where the TME presents unique challenges.

PLK3-Activated Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI), a prevalent complication of sepsis, sorely needs effective interventions. Yet, our grasp of the mechanisms behind sepsis-induced AKI is far from complete, hindering the development of targeted therapies. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was used to induce sepsis in mice, followed by treatment with the PLK3 antagonist R406 to assess the effects of PLK3 inhibition on inflammatory responses and renal damage.

Tyramine-modified Ag nanoparticle loaded with carvacrol for antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulant treatment of sepsis.

Carvacrol (CA) exhibits excellent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, but its clinical application is limited by low bioavailability and targeting capability. To overcome these limitations, tyramine-modified Ag nanoparticle loaded with CA (Ag-CA@Tyr) was prepared. It exhibited a regular spherical shape and demonstrated good drug release characteristics, stability, and biosafety.

C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and stroke risk in early cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a National cohort study.

Background: The C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index (CTI) has been associated with stroke risk in prior studies. However, its relevance among individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome remains uncertain.

Methods: This study included 5767 participants with CKM syndrome stages 0-3 from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Changes in the genus in patients with autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Autoimmune diseases have different pathogenic mechanisms but share underlying patterns of gut microbiome perturbation and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Recent evidence suggests that an arthritogenic strain of causes a local inflammatory response in the gut. Therefore, the aim of this review was to systematically summarize the relationships between and multiple autoimmune diseases.

Anti-PD-1 therapy achieves favorable outcome in gastric cancer combined with chronic hepatitis B.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of gastric cancer patients with different hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection statuses.

Patients And Methods: The clinical data of 89 gastric cancer patients treated at our centre were retrospectively analysed. The patients were divided into chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-infected patients (13 patients), resolved hepatitis B (RHB)-infected patients (49 patients), and HBV-uninfected (HBV-) patients (27 patients) according to their HBV infection status.

Exosomal miR-216a-5p targeting TLR-4 alleviates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating M2 macrophage polarization and neutrophil inflammation.

Macrophages and neutrophil play a key role in the initiation and recovery of liver ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) through transitions in the phenotype and induces inflammation, However, the mechanisms governing these damages have yet to be fully elucidated. Exosomes have emerged as an important mediator of cellular crosstalk in various physiological and pathological processes. This study explored the role of exosomal miRNA in macrophage polarization and liver IRI.

Endovascular Therapy Versus Medical Management for Large Ischemic Infarct: 1-Year Outcomes of the ANGEL-ASPECT Trial.

Background: Several trials have shown the benefit and safety of endovascular therapy (EVT) compared with medical management (MM) of patients with a large ischemic core in the 90-day follow-up. However, the 1-year outcome comparison between EVT and MM in Asian patients with a large ischemic core has not been investigated. Our aim was to evaluate the 1-year outcomes of patients in the ANGEL-ASPECT trial (Endovascular Therapy in Acute Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusive Patients with a Large Infarct Core).

Advances in Management of Subdural Effusion After Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Brain Injury.

Subdural effusion is a common complication after decompressive craniectomy for traumatic brain injury. While many cases are asymptomatic and resolve with conservative management, some patients develop significant mass effect, leading to elevated intracranial pressure, midline shift, and clinical worsening, which may require surgery. Current treatment strategies vary widely, with no established consensus.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound improves diagnosis of cervical internal carotid artery pseudo-occlusion.

Objective: We aimed to assess the diagnostic effectiveness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for identifying pseudo-occlusion and to compare disease-free survival (DFS) or recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates between surgical and non-surgical interventions.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 522 hospitalized patients with internal carotid artery occlusion diagnosed by cervical computed tomography angiography across four participating centers. In total, 149 participants who underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound and digital subtraction angiography were analyzed.

Proteomics and single cell profiling identify keratin driven preexisting immunity influences lung squamous carcinoma neoadjuvant therapy.

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) demonstrates heterogeneous responses to neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade, necessitating biomarkers for outcome prediction. Here, we identify tumor keratinization as a key determinant of therapeutic resistance. In 470 LUSC patients, elevated serum CYFRA 21-1 correlated with non-complete pathological response (non-CPR), while CK5/6 immunohistochemistry revealed strong association between keratinization and residual tumor burden.

Antibody-drug conjugates in breast cancer: current resistance mechanisms and future combination strategies.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), inspired by Paul Ehrlich's "magic bullet" concept to target cancer cells with cytotoxic drugs while sparing healthy cells, represent a transformative approach in breast cancer therapy. From early agents (e.g.

Clinical comparison of simultaneous integrated and sequential boost IMRT of tumor bed after breast conserving surgery.

Background: To explore the clinical effect compare between the simultaneous-integrated boost and sequential-boost intensity modulated radiotherapy in early breast cancer patients after breast conserving surgery.

Methodology: According to the different postoperative radiotherapy methods, 66 early breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery were divided into two groups, 34 in the simultaneous-integrated boost group and 32 in the sequential-boost intensity group. Adverse reactions, cosmetic effects, local recurrence rate, progression-free survival and overall survival rates were compared.

AI-based diagnosis of acute aortic syndrome from noncontrast CT.

The accurate and timely diagnosis of acute aortic syndrome (AAS) in patients presenting with acute chest pain remains a clinical challenge. Aortic computed tomography (CT) angiography is the imaging protocol of choice in patients with suspected AAS. However, due to economic and workflow constraints in China, the majority of suspected patients initially undergo noncontrast CT as the initial imaging testing, and CT angiography is reserved for those at higher risk.

Designed optogenetic tool for bridging single-neuronal multimodal information in intact animals.

Integrating morphological, functional and molecular information of individual neurons is critical for classifying neuronal cell types and probing circuit mechanisms of brain functions. Despite the emergence of extensive single-neuronal morphology datasets largely via random sparse labeling, it remains challenging to map arbitrarily selected neuron's morphology in vivo, especially in conjunction with its functional and molecular characteristics. Here, we report a genetically encoded Photo-inducible single-cell labeling system (Pisces) that enables simple, rapid and long-term in vivo labeling of the entire morphology of arbitrary neurons, as exemplified in intact larval zebrafish.

Study on the Mechanism of Bone Marrow Stem Cell-Derived Exosome miR-30a/DLL4 Acting on Traumatic Brain Injury Angiogenesis.

Objective: To explore the effects of bone marrow stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosome miR-30a/DLL4 expression on angiogenesis following traumatic brain injury (TBI), which may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for postoperative TBI recovery.

Methods: A rat TBI model was established using the free-fall method, and exosomes from different sources were injected into the brain. Rats were divided into sham-operated, TBI model, TBI+inhibitor NC-Exo, TBI+miR-30a-inhibitor-Exo, TBI+OE NC-Exo, and TBI+DLL4-OE-Exo groups.

Effect of lateral versus supine positioning on hypoxaemia in sedated adults: multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of lateral versus supine positioning on incidence of hypoxaemia in sedated patients and to provide evidence based recommendations for respiratory strategies.

Design: Prospective, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

Setting: 14 tertiary hospitals in China, July to November 2024.

Arthroscopic Autologous Hamstring Tendon Graft Bridging Repair of an Irreparable Subscapularis Tear.

Irreparable subscapularis tears are technically challenging, but bridging surgery restores the anatomical integrity of the rotator cuff, enabling the residual rotator cuff tissues to regain their functionality. Given the potential benefits of bridging surgeries, we describe a transtendon bridging repair technique that anatomically restores the footprint of the subscapularis, providing a broad area for tendon-to-bone healing. This Technical Note describes this technique and presents a collection of technical insights that could address this specific condition and streamline a potentially daunting surgical process.