C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and stroke risk in early cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a National cohort study.

Background: The C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index (CTI) has been associated with stroke risk in prior studies. However, its relevance among individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome remains uncertain.

Methods: This study included 5767 participants with CKM syndrome stages 0-3 from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Visitation patterns reveal service access disparities for ageing populations in the USA.

As populations age globally, ensuring equitable access to essential services becomes increasingly crucial. This study examines the revealed accessibility of essential services for ageing populations across the USA. A fairness index is developed to compare revealed service accessibility between high-ageing and low-ageing Census Block Groups.

Responding after Hurricane Helene: Rapidly Estimating Impacts to Environmental Health Services in North Carolina.

Hurricane Helene caused catastrophic flooding and infrastructure damage across the mountainous regions of western North Carolina. Responding agencies had to make real-time decisions about emergency response, infrastructure repair, and aid allocation. Here, we describe how our decade-long transdisciplinary research program supported data-driven recovery decisions in the days following a storm through the development of a novel emergency response decision support system (DSS).

Photocatalytic Reactions of α-CF Alkenes with Alcohols by Controllable Non-, Mono- and Dual-Defluorination.

Herein, we present a chemoselective strategy for the divergent synthesis of γ-trifluoromethyl alcohols and difluorohomoallyl alcohols via photoredox-catalyzed hydroxyalkylation of α-CF alkenes with primary/secondary alcohols. Both products can further undergo base-mediated intramolecular defluorinative cyclization to construct monofluorinated dihydrofurans in a one-pot process. Through controllable C-F bond cleavage, this approach enables streamlined synthesis of three types of fluorinated products from abundant and inexpensive raw materials under mild photoredox conditions.

Identifying Candidate Genes Related to the Nutritional Components of Soybean () Sprouts Based on the Transcriptome and Co-Expression Network.

Background: During the germination of soybean seeds, many biochemical metabolic reactions become extremely active, resulting in a series of physiological and biochemical activities, and the seeds being rich in nutrients. Studying the network and key genes that regulate the nutritional content of bean sprouts is particularly important.

Methods: In this study, the nutrient contents of Dongnong 254 and Heze small beans were measured when the bean sprouts were 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm and 7 cm long, and transcriptome sequencing was performed.

Joint associations of PM and smoking with the risk of new-onset stroke in middle-aged and older adult Chinese adults: findings from the CHARLS cohort study.

Background: The relationship between long-term exposure to particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in diameter (PM), smoking, and stroke risk remains unclear. This study investigates their association.

Methods: We analyzed data from 10,839 participants in the 2013 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Mechanistic Insights into Anti-Nectin4-VcMMAE-Induced Ocular Toxicity: From Cellular Uptake Pathways to Molecular Modification.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a novel approach to cancer treatment. Enfortumab vedotin (PADCEV), as a prominent example, has demonstrated remarkable clinical efficacy. However, its ocular toxicity has raised concerns.

Experimental Study on the Influence of Corrosion Duration on the Strength and Failure Characteristics of Sandstone.

The surrounding rock structure in underground environments is frequently subjected to corrosion from alkaline groundwater and disturbances caused by dynamic loads of mining blasts. To investigate the impact of the corrosion duration on the dynamic behavior of sandstones, a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test system was employed to perform dynamic uniaxial compression tests on sandstones with varying corrosion times. X-ray diffraction analysis based on the test results also examined the corrosion mechanisms affecting sandstone.

Multi-View Large Reconstruction Model via Geometry-Aware Positional Encoding and Attention.

Despite recent advancements in the Large Reconstruction Model (LRM) demonstrating impressive results, when extending its input from single image to multiple images, it exhibits inefficiencies, subpar geometric and texture quality, as well as slower convergence speed than expected. It is attributed to that, LRM formulates 3D reconstruction as a naive images-to-3D translation problem, ignoring the strong 3D coherence among the input images. In this article, we propose a Multi-view Large Reconstruction Model (M-LRM) designed to reconstruct high-quality 3D shapes from multi-views in a 3D-aware manner.

Enhancement of Emulsifying Activity in Soy-Protein-Based Products by Partial Substitution with Zein Hydrolysates and Transglutaminase Addition.

Partially substituting other proteins in soy-protein-based products is an effective method to meet nutritional and application requirements. However, the emulsifying properties of soybean protein isolates (SPI) when partially substituted with zein hydrolysates (ZH) remain unknown. In the present work, protein blend (0 h-SPI/ZH) from SPI and ZH with a ratio of 3.

Fractional modeling and numerical investigations of COVID-19 epidemic model with non-singular fractional derivatives: a case study.

This paper focuses on the pivotal challenge of representing fractional dynamics in the context of computational biology, presenting an innovative approach. We utilize a non-singular kernel-type derivative to reformulate a fractional-order epidemic model. Our research focuses on several key aspects.

The spatiotemporal scaling laws of urban population dynamics.

Human mobility is becoming increasingly complex in urban environments. However, our fundamental understanding of urban population dynamics, particularly the pulsating fluctuations occurring across different locations and timescales, remains limited. Here, we use mobile device data from large cities and regions worldwide combined with a detrended fractal analysis to uncover a universal spatiotemporal scaling law that governs urban population fluctuations.

Photocatalyzed/Base-Mediated Defluorinative Three-Component Cascade Cyclization: Access to Monofluorocyclohexenes and 6-Fluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines.

A three-component cascade cyclization of α-CF alkenes, electron-rich alkenes, and dimethyl esters or sulfonamides via a dual C-F bond cleavage process is described. This methodology provides a general and efficient strategy to access monofluorocyclohexenes and 6-fluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines by switching the bifunctional reagents (dimethyl esters or sulfonamides), which are valuable building blocks in synthetic chemistry and the pharmaceutical industries. The reaction mechanism and the synthetic applications of the products have been demonstrated.

Mitigating Cellular Dysfunction Through Contaminant Reduction in Synthetic circRNA for High-Efficiency mRNA-Based Cell Reprogramming.

Synthetic circular RNA (circRNA) holds great promise for biomedical research and therapeutic applications, but impurities introduced during synthesis trigger innate immune responses and significantly compromise its efficacy. In this study, key immunogenic byproducts, including double-stranded RNA, 5' triphosphates from uncircularized RNA, and hydrolyzed RNA fragments, are identified as impairing circRNA functionality via RNA-sensing pathways. To address this, a multi-step purification process is developed that combines enzymatic treatments and cellulose-based filtration to effectively remove these contaminants.

O-GlcNAcAtlas 4.0: An Updated Protein O-GlcNAcylation Database with Site-specific Quantification.

O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is a monosaccharide modification on proteins predominantly inside cells. It is widely appreciated that spatiotemporal protein O-GlcNAcylation regulates a plethora of biological processes. High-throughput analytical techniques, particularly site-specific O-GlcNAc proteomics, have tremendously advanced the profiling of O-GlcNAc proteomes.

Deletion of an evolutionarily conserved TAD boundary impacts spermatogenesis in mice†.

Spermatogenesis is a complex process that can be disrupted by genetic and epigenetic changes, potentially leading to male infertility. Recent research has rapidly increased the number of coding mutations causally linked to impaired spermatogenesis in humans and mice. However, the role of noncoding mutations remains largely unexplored.

Identifying Candidate Genes Related to Soybean () Seed Coat Color via RNA-Seq and Coexpression Network Analysis.

Background: The quality of soybeans is reflected in the seed coat color, which indicates soybean quality and commercial value. Researchers have identified genes related to seed coat color in various plants. However, research on the regulation of genes related to seed coat color in soybeans is rare.

Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Molecular Mechanism of Acetic Acid Increasing Pigment Production in CICC41233.

The addition of acetic acid to cultures is usually used to inhibit the growth of heterotrophic bacteria; however, we found that acetic acid also promotes the growth of CICC41233, as well as the synthesis of pigments (MPs). Compared with no acetic acid or HCl addition, the diameter of CICC41233 colonies increased significantly under acetic acid conditions. On the sixth day of fermentation, the yield of total pigments in increased significantly by 9.

Second Hydration Shell of Mg: Competition between Ion-Water Interaction and Hydrogen Bonding Interaction.

Hydration in Mg solutions is critical in the chemical and biological industries. Researchers have identified a rigid first hydration shell, but the effects of ion-water and hydrogen bonding (HB) interactions beyond the first shell of Mg, especially when ion pairs form at high concentrations, remain controversial. On the basis of density functional theory, machine learning molecular dynamics was performed to study the second shell of Mg in MgCl solutions at various concentrations.

Effects of reduced flow gradient on benthic biofilm communities' ecological network and community assembly.

The intensification of human activities has led to flow reduction and cut-off in most global rivers, seriously affecting riverine organisms and the biogeochemical processes. As key indicators of river ecosystems' structure and function, benthic biofilms play a critical role in driving primary production and material cycling in rivers. This research aimed to investigate the characteristics of microbial communities' complexity and stability during river flow reduction.

Representation Learning Based on Co-Evolutionary Combined With Probability Distribution Optimization for Precise Defect Location.

Visual defect detection methods based on representation learning play an important role in industrial scenarios. Defect detection technology based on representation learning has made significant progress. However, existing defect detection methods still face three challenges: first, the extreme scarcity of industrial defect samples makes training difficult.

QRFP and GPR103 in the paraventricular nucleus play a role in chronic stress-induced depressive-like symptomatology by enhancing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis during chronic stress is essential for depression neurobiology. As the latest member of the RFamide peptide family in mammals, pyroglutamylated RFamide peptide (QRFP) is closely implicated in neuroendocrine maintenance by activating G-protein-coupled receptor 103 (GPR103). We hypothesized that QRFP and GPR103 might contribute to chronic stress-induced depression by promoting corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) release from neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and various methods were employed in this study, with male C57BL/6J mice adopted as the experimental subjects.

Identification and Activity Study of an Impurity Band Observed in the nrSDS-PAGE of Aflibercept.

Background: Aflibercept is a biopharmaceutical targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that has shown promise in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME) in adults. Quality control studies of aflibercept employing non-reduced SDS-PAGE (nrSDS-PAGE) have shown that a significant variant band (IM1) is consistently present below the main band. Considering the quality control strategy of biopharmaceuticals, structural elucidation and functional studies are required.