Adsorption and interaction mechanisms of asphaltene subfractions on silica surfaces.

Adsorption of asphaltenes onto mineral solids contributes to fouling, scaling, and plugging issues in the oil industry. Among asphaltene subfractions, those with strong oil/water interfacial activity are expected to possess superior adsorption abilities on mineral surfaces. In this study, interfacially non-active (INAA) and active (IAA) fractions were separated from whole asphaltenes.

Mechanism and control technology of roadway floor heave deformation and failure under the influence of repeated mining in multiple coal seams.

Deformations caused by of roadway floor heave due to the repeated mining of multiple coal seams is a prominent problem in deep coal mining. This work examines roadway floor heave under the influence of repeated mining in multiple coal seams as the research object. Through theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field experiments, the failure mechanism of floor heave deformation is revealed, and effective control techniques are proposed.

Realization of a 27.5 °C Atmospheric Microwave Plasma Jet at 8 W for Surface Modification of Thermosensitive Polymers.

Atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) enable efficient solvent-free surface modification to enhance the wettability, adhesion, and biocompatibility of polymers. However, conventional APPJs often generate high temperatures and energetic particles, which lead to melting, surface degradation, and molecular damage of thermosensitive polymers, thus limiting their scope of application. This study demonstrates an optimized atmospheric pressure microwave plasma jet (MPJ) operating at 8 W microwave power, achieving gas temperatures as low as 27.

Trophodynamic mechanisms of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in oligotrophic ecosystem from the Tibetan Plateau river.

Tibetan Plateau (TP) is known as the Third Pole, yet little is known about environmental behavior and trophodynamic of PFAS in pristine ecosystem linked to accelerated glaciers melting. We characterized sediment-water partition behaviors in high-altitude region, compared trophic magnification potential between different climatic zones, and used structural equation model (SEM) to link geographic, biologic variability to PFAS bioaccumulation. Short-chained (including PFBA and PFBS) were predominant in water, whereas long-chained (6:2 FTS, PFOS) contributed more in organisms from Yarlung Tsangpo River, suggesting long-chain dependence bioaccumulation potential.

YOLO11-RLN: An aerial UAV algorithm for forest fire detection.

To address the limitations of existing forest fire detection models, including suboptimal unmanned aerial vehicle adaptability, low detection accuracy, and high false detection rates, we propose a new a UAV-oriented forest fire detection algorithm: YOLO11 with RepVGG, long fire-line texture fusion attention, and nano optimization, Our approach introduces several key improvements: RepVGG replaces the YOLO11 backbone to enhance feature extraction and detection accuracy; a novel long fire-line texture fusion (LTF) module is designed to improve fire feature perception in complex forest environments; the WIoU loss function is integrated to enhance small fire detection and accelerate convergence; and YOLOv8-nano parameterization is employed to reduce model complexity and mitigate overfitting. Experimental results demonstrate that YOLO11-RLN outperforms YOLO11, achieving 7.338%, 5.

Improvements in Microstructure, Mechanical and Degradation Properties of Mg-Y-Zn-Zr Alloy via Extrusion for Implant Applications.

The microstructure and degradation behavior of a low-alloyed Mg-1.2Y-Zn-0.3Zr alloy were investigated for potential implant applications by permanent mold casting and hot extrusion.

Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Risk of Gestational Metabolic Disorders: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) has been implicated in gestational metabolic disorders (GMD), yet their causal relationships remain unclear. This study employed genetic approaches to investigate potential causal associations between mtDNA-CN and various GMDs.

Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilizing genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from large-scale populations: mtDNA-CN (n = 395 718), preeclampsia (PE) (n = 267 242), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (n = 123 579), gestational hypertension (GH) (n = 118 990), hyperlipidemia (n = 9714), and obesity (n = 463 010).

Controlling Liquid Droplet Motion on Solid Surfaces: from Pinning Mechanisms to Driving Forces.

Liquid droplets are ubiquitous in both natural and engineered systems, and play a key role in many application scenarios, ranging from painting and cleaning to microfluidics and interfacial engineering. The high mobility and deformability of liquid droplets enable diverse functionalities yet lead to complex physical behaviors (e.g.

Tuning the rate performance in O2-type layered manganese-based oxides through cobalt doping.

Lithium-rich manganese-based cathode materials Li[LiNiMn]O have received considerable attention. However, severe voltage decay and structural distortion of O3-type layered oxides hinder further practical applications. O2-type layered cathode materials can restrict the movements of transition metals and effectively suppress the voltage decay.

Kinetics of Proton Transfer and String of Conformational Transformation for 4-Pyridone-3-carboxylic Acid Under External Electric Field.

In order to explore the essence of the anticoccidiosis of anticoccidial drugs under bioelectric currents, the intermolecular double-proton transfer and conformational transformation of 4-pyridone-3-carboxylic acid were investigated by quantum chemistry calculations (at the M06-2X/6-311++G**, M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ and CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ levels) and finite temperature string (FTS) under external electric fields. The solvent effect of HO on the double-proton transfer was evaluated by the integral equation formalism polarized continuum model. The results indicate that the influences of the external electric fields along the direction of the dipole moment on double-proton transfer are significant.

Spherical Indentation Behavior of DD6 Single-Crystal Nickel-Based Superalloy via Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Simulation.

Nickel-based superalloys are widely utilized in critical hot-end components, such as aeroengine turbine blades, owing to their exceptional high-temperature strength, creep resistance, and oxidation resistance. During service, these components are frequently subjected to complex localized loading, leading to non-uniform plastic deformation and microstructure evolution within the material. Combining nanoindentation experiments with the crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM), this study systematically investigates the effects of loading rate and crystal orientation on the elastoplastic deformation of DD6 alloy under spherical indenter loading.

High Oxidation State V-O-Co Structure Promotes the Role of V-O Intermediates in Efficient HMF Oxidation.

Designing heterometallic oxygen-bridge structure (M1-O-M2) to achieve the efficient and stable electrochemical conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) has become an important approach to address the rapid consumption of fossil fuels and mitigate white pollution. However, designing effective M1-O-M2 structures and elucidating their catalytic mechanisms remains a key challenge in this field. In this study, a high oxidation state V-O-Co structure is constructed by doping V into reconstructed CoOOH, which promotes the formation of the active intermediate V-O.

Glass transition-induced luminescence in ZIF-62.

We reported that ZIF-62 glass exhibits enhanced luminescence upon glass transition, contrasting with the crystalline phase fluorescence quenching caused by ordered ligand arrangement. Theoretical simulations combining molecular dynamics and quantum mechanical calculations reveal specific configurations in the glassy state with intensified emission, which are corroborated by experiments.

Improving Phase Stability of α-CsPbI through Combined Strain-Doping Engineering: Insights from First-Principles Calculations and Machine Learning.

The all-inorganic perovskite of cubic CsPbI (α-CsPbI) exhibited high thermal stability, owing to the absence of volatile organic cations. However, the poor phase stability at room temperature limits its practical applications. In this work, the phase transition mechanism of CsPbI from the cubic phase (α) to the tetragonal phase (β) was studied by first-principles calculations.

Engineering vacancy-rich van der Waals heterostructures in high-conductivity carbon networks for ultrastable sodium storage.

Rational design and application of high performance anodes are crucial for advancing sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). In this work, the 3D Mo-ZIF-L is subjected to a directional cross-linking process, followed by g-CN incorporation to modify the self-assembled precursor, ultimately yielding a high-conductivity carbon material. Subsequently, bimetallic selenide (ZnSe/MoSe) is successfully loaded onto the carbon surface via chemical vapor deposition.

Reservoir-Engineered Squeezed Lasing through the Parametric Coupling.

We report the first experimental demonstration of squeezed lasing in a reservoir-engineered optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The OPO provides a basis of squeezed states and parametric amplification in lasing emission, whose vacuum reservoir is coupled to a squeezed vacuum generated by a second OPO. With a precisely controlled squeezing angle and strong squeezing injection, the parametric interaction in the first OPO is exponentially enhanced.

Modulating MoS Substrate via d-p Orbital Hybridization Driven by π-Electron Feedback Effect for Dual-Site Adsorption Enhancement of Formaldehyde.

Two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs), such as MoS (MS), exhibit chemically inert basal planes due to saturated intralayer coordination. This inherent inertness limits their specific recognition and adsorption of target gas molecules as gas-sensitive materials. Based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we report a strategy to achieve efficient formaldehyde adsorption by enhancing d-p orbital hybridization within the MS lattice to establish a π-electron feedback mechanism.

Angle-dependent electrocatalytic activity of twisted bilayer graphene for the hydrogen evolution reaction.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are attractive for their unique electronic structures and electrocatalytic properties. In this work, we propose to use the twist angle as a knob to tune the electrocatalytic properties of 2D materials. As proof of concept, we investigate the effects of twist angle (>10°) on the electrocatalytic properties of twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG).

Comparison and analysis of drilling gas flow based on continuous and dual media.

The mathematical models of drilling gas flow based on the continuous medium and pore-fracture dual media were established according to the law of mass conservation, aiming to derive a gas flow model in coal that better reflects field conditions. The physical model was then simplified, the computational grid and nodes were defined, and the finite difference method was employed for model discretization. Subsequently, VB programming was used to perform numerical calculations.

Ultra-High Friction and Adhesion in Hydrogel Layer Driven by Wet-to-Dry Transition Dynamics.

Hydrogels are well-known for their antifriction and lubricating properties, particularly in hydrated environments, where their water-rich polymer networks enable effective friction reduction. However, during the wet-to-dry transition, a critical phase is identified during which the microstructures of a polyacrylamide hydrogel layer undergo volumetric shrinkage, leading to extensive interfacial contact and enhanced intermolecular interactions at solid interfaces. This process leads to a sharp increase in friction and adhesion forces.

Multiphysics Modeling of Heat Transfer and Melt Pool Thermo-Fluid Dynamics in Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion of Metals.

Laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) is one of the most promising additive manufacturing technologies to fabricate complex-structured metal parts. However, its corresponding applications have been limited by technical bottlenecks and increasingly strict industrial requirements. Process optimization, a scientific issue, urgently needs to be solved.

Analysis of High-Speed Cutting Surface Layer Formation and Oxide Layer Thickness Prediction of Titanium Alloy (Ti6Al4V).

This study discusses the surface characteristics of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V during high-speed cutting, especially the effect of cutting speed on surface quality at different measuring scales. The experimental analysis shows that when the feed rate is 0.2 mm, and the detection scale is 1.

Cross-talk between mitophagy pathways in pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic analysis of shared molecular mechanisms.

Background: Mitophagy plays a crucial role in both pre-eclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); however, the molecular mechanisms connecting these conditions remain unclear. This study employs bioinformatics approaches to investigate shared mitophagy-related gene signatures in PE and GDM.

Methods: We analyzed RNA sequencing data from PE and GDM patients to identify mitophagy-related differentially expressed genes (MRDEGs).

Emerging opportunities or paradoxes: Assessing the effect of digital technology adoption on corporate carbon performance.

Digital technology adoption constitutes a crucial foundation for achieving green and low-carbon development. Although existing research has shed light on the link between digital technology adoption and corporate carbon performance from a static perspective, the conclusions remain mixed, and the direction and consequences of the evolution of resources brought together by digital technology adoption are still only marginally understood. Drawing upon dynamic capabilities theory, this study conducts an empirical analysis to investigate the influence mechanism of digital technology adoption on corporate carbon performance.

Water level fluctuations shape phytoplankton community in the Xiangxi Bay from Three Gorges Reservoir.

Water level fluctuations (WLFs) constituted a dominant factor controlling the structure and function of freshwater ecosystems but the mechanism of WLFs on phytoplankton community structure was still unknown. We investigated the characteristics of phytoplankton community structure in Xiangxi Bay from January 2017 to December 2020. Results indicated water level (WL) of the Three Gorges Reservoir was divided into four distinct stages: the decreasing stage (DS), the low water level stage (LS), the storage stage (SS), and the high water level stage (HS).