The efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection for 10-20 mm rectal neuroendocrine tumors based on resection margin status.

Background: Current guidelines recommend that rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) smaller than 10 mm can be treated by endoscopic resection, whereas tumors larger than 20 mm should be treated by surgical resection. However, the optimal treatment of 10-20 mm rectal NETs remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for 10-20 mm rectal NETs based on resection margin status.

Zipper endoscopic full-thickness resection: a pilot study in subepithelial tumor management (with video).

Background And Aims: Traditional endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) involves complete removal of the lesion followed by defect closure. The separated resection and closure technique results in mucosal eversion and misalignment of the muscularis propria layers, making reliable closure difficult. Here, we developed an innovative "cut-and-seal-as-you-go" technique, "Zipper-EFTR" and evaluated the feasibility and safety of the new technique.

PFGA12 ameliorates Hypoxic-Ischemic brain injury by directly regulating PRDX1 and inhibiting ferroptosis.

Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is a severe condition leading to extensive neuronal loss and functional impairments, representing a significant challenge in neonatal care. PFGA12, a peptide derived from fibrinogen alpha chain (FGA), which is notably downregulated in the umbilical cord blood of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) infants. We demonstrate that PFGA12 significantly enhances cell viability and mitigates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced neuronal cell death.

Topology in Thermal, Particle, and Plasma Diffusion Metamaterials.

Diffusion is a fundamental process in the transfer of mass and energy. Diffusion metamaterials, a class of engineered materials with distinctive properties, enable precise control and manipulation of diffusion processes. Meanwhile, topology, a branch of mathematics, has attracted growing interest within the condensed matter physics community.

Muricholic acid mediates puberty initiation via the hypothalamic TGR5 signaling pathway.

The onset of puberty is increasingly observed at earlier ages in children, especially in girls with obesity, a trend that predisposes them to long-term metabolic and reproductive disorders in adulthood. Bile acids have emerged as pivotal signaling molecules in both metabolic and reproductive disorders, but remain unexplored in the early onset of puberty in children. Herein, we find elevated levels of muricholic acid (MCA) species in the serum of girls with central precocious puberty, which strongly correlate with indices of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activation and can reach peak levels during puberty among healthy children.

Tailoring Active Sites in Amorphous NiFe-MOFs through Pyridine Ligand Coordination for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Performance.

The development of high-performance, cost-effective non-noble metal catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical to advancing sustainable hydrogen production via water electrolysis. Herein, we report a facile and mild strategy for synthesizing amorphous bimetallic organic framework materials (NiFe-MOFs) using pyridine-modified threonine (l-PyThr) as an organic ligand. The optimized NiFe-PyThr-4:1 catalyst exhibits remarkable OER activity, requiring low overpotentials of only 162 and 222 mV to achieve current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm, respectively, along with a small Tafel slope of 34.

Combined Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals an Ethylene-Activated Regulatory Model on Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloid Biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus.

Catharanthus roseus contains nearly 200 bioactive monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) that are effective in treating cancer and other diseases. Ethylene plays a significant role in enhancing MIA biosynthesis, and we have found that it greatly induces the accumulation of anhydrovinblastine. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this process are not yet fully understood.

Decentralized Clinical Trials in the Era of Real-World Evidence: A Critical Assessment of Recent Experiences.

Since the first decentralized clinical trial (DCT) was conducted in 2011, there has been an increased usage of DCT due to its benefits of patient-centricity and generalizability of findings. This trend was further expedited by the global COVID-19 pandemic. We identified 23 case studies across various therapeutic areas and grouped them into different categories according to their purposes-by necessity, for operational benefits, to address unique research questions, to validate innovative digital endpoints, or to validate decentralization as a clinical research platform.

Reliable Strategy for the Covalent Bonding of MOFs to SiC Membranes for Ultrastable Noble Metal Capture in Harsh Environments.

Silicon carbide (SiC) membranes combine exceptional chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability but suffer from surface inertness that precludes functionalization. Conversely, MOFs offer unmatched molecular selectivity but are typically powders, severely limiting their practical use. To address this, we develop a generalizable route to fabricate ultrastable MOF@SiC membranes via sequential oxidation and acidification, creating abundant Si-OH sites on SiC surfaces that covalently bond with Zr-MOF crystals; the bonding mechanism between MOFs and substrates has been extensively studied.

Real-Space Quantitative Molecular Analysis at Single-Molecule Resolution.

Advances in molecular analysis and characterization techniques should revolutionize the methods for scientific exploration across physics, chemistry, and biology, fundamentally overturning our understanding of interactions and processes that govern molecular behavior at the microscopic level. Currently, the absence of a molecular analysis method that can both quantify molecules and achieve single-molecule spatial resolution hinders our study of complex molecular systems in sorption and catalysis. Here, we propose a quantitative analysis strategy for small molecules confined in ZSM-5, a zeolite material extensively used in catalysis and gas separation, based on low-dose transmission electron microscopy.

Impact of Digital Supply Chain Finance to alleviate SMEs financing constraints: Evidence from SRDI enterprises in China.

To explore the alleviating effect of digital supply chain finance (DSCF) on financing constraints experienced by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with a view to promoting the digital transformation of enterprises. This observational study utilizes data from Chinese listed enterprises. The study's primary focus is on a selection of SRDI (abbreviation for "specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative") enterprises in the electronics and machinery industries from 2013 to 2020.

Comparative Cochlear Transcriptomics in Echolocating Bats and Mouse Reveals Hras as Protector Against Noise-Induced Hearing Loss.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), caused by irreversible cochlear hair cell (HC) damage, lacks effective therapies due to a limited understanding of endogenous protective mechanisms. The echolocating bats exhibit natural resistance to intense noise, and this suggested novel insights into methods to protect against NIHL. Here, through comparative transcriptomic analysis of noise-exposed cochleae from the eastern bent-winged bats (Miniopterus fuliginosus) and mice, the specific transcriptional dynamics in noise-resistant Miniopterus fuliginosus are revealed, thus highlighting potential mechanisms for preventing cochlear damage that mouse models cannot replicate, with Hras emerging as the most significant hub upregulator.

PVC Nanoplastics Exposure Exacerbates Asthma through R-Loop Accumulation and Subsequent STING Activation in Macrophages.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Emerging evidence suggests that microplastics and nanoplastics (NPs) pose significant health risks. When inhaled, these tiny particles can accumulate in the lungs, triggering inflammation, oxidative stress, and other disruptions in pulmonary function.

Knowledge Mapping of Aspergillus-Related Research in Respiratory Medicine: A Bibliometric Analysis Based on English-Language Articles Spanning 1975 to 2022.

Aspergillus has become the second most common causative agent of invasive fungal infections and is the leading cause of death from fungal infections. English-language publications ranging from 1975 to 2022 collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database were analyzed visually using VOSviewer, R package Bibliometrix, Scimago graphic, Gephi, Pajek, and Microsoft Excel 365. Literature search using the advanced search function in WoSCC with the search formula "TS=(Aspergillus).

Impact of Market Authorization Holder (MAH) system on pharmaceutical innovation in China.

Background: The Market Authorization Holder (MAH) system in China, which separates marketing authorisation from production authorisation, was piloted in 2016 across 10 provinces and cities and was fully implemented at the end of 2019 with the new revision of the 'Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China'. This study examines the impact of the MAH system on innovation in China's pharmaceutical industry.

Methods: Using data from A-share pharmaceutical enterprises between 2009 and 2023, this study employs a Propensity Score Matching Difference-in-Difference (PSM-DID) design.

Relationship between carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and decreased left ventricular diastolic function in patient with coronary heart disease: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Arterial compliance is an independent predictor of diastolic dysfunction. Invasive catheterization can accurately reflect diastolic function. However, studies on the invasive assessment of diastolic function are currently limited.

Causal evidence for the primordiality of colours in trans-Neptunian objects.

The origins of the colours of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) represent a crucial unresolved question, central to understanding the history of our Solar system. Recent observational surveys revealed correlations between the eccentricity and inclination of TNOs, and their colours. This rekindled the long-standing debate on whether these colours reflect the conditions of TNO formation or their subsequent evolution.

Resting-state EEG associated with clinical measures to predict upper limb motor recovery of subacute stroke.

Background: After stroke, upper limb dysfunction seriously affects patients' quality of life. The uncertain prognosis of patients poses a challenge for therapists in developing personalized rehabilitation programs. Electroencephalograph (EEG) power spectrum changes during rehabilitation training may have a predictive effect on the improvement of upper limb movement.

Direct Identification of O-Glycopeptides by Low-Temperature Assisted Nanopore Technique.

O-glycopeptides are highly expressed in various human cancers and play a key role in cancer progression and metastasis, making them promising biomarkers for early diagnostics. However, the inherent complexity and heterogeneity of glycans pose a major challenge for the simultaneous and precise analysis of multiple glycopeptides. Here, we developed a low-temperature nanopore technique capable of simultaneously discriminating 4 truncated O-glycopeptides with varied glycoforms.

Network analysis on depressive symptoms and big five personality traits of community elderly over 60 years old: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The global population is undergoing significant aging, with the elderly facing prominent physical and mental health challenges. Geriatric depression is becoming increasingly prevalent, imposing a heavy burden on healthcare and caregiving. This study employs network analysis to explore the relationship between geriatric depressive symptoms and the Big Five personality traits, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for preventing and intervening in geriatric depression.

Correction: Dual drug-loaded metal-phenolic networks for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and synergistic chemo-chemodynamic therapy of breast cancer.

Correction for 'Dual drug-loaded metal-phenolic networks for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and synergistic chemo-chemodynamic therapy of breast cancer' by Li Xia , , 2024, , 6480-6491, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TB00462K.

Quantitative Super-Resolution Imaging of On-Origami DNA Conformation and Reactivity Under Electric Fields.

Self-assembled DNA nanostructures have been popularly used to develop DNA-based electrochemical sensors by exploiting the nanoscale positioning capability of DNA origami. However, the impact of the electric field on the structural stability of the DNA origami framework and the activity of carried DNA probes remains to be explored. Herein, we employ DNA origami as structural frameworks for reversible DNA hybridization, and develop a single-molecule fluorescence imaging method to quantify electric field effects on DNA conformation and hybridization properties at the single-molecule level.

Dual-Locked Polymeric STING Nano-Agonist/Sonosensitizer Augments Spatiotemporally Controlled Cancer Sono-Immunotherapy.

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is a central target in cancer immunotherapy, but current STING agonist therapies lack precision control, leading to suboptimal therapeutic outcomes and systematic adverse effects. Herein, we engineered a dual-locked immuno-polymeric nanoplatform (IPN) with precise spatiotemporal control over the release of STING agonists to enhance cancer immunotherapy. This platform, constructed from biocompatible poly(β-amino esters) (PBAE), incorporates the STING agonist (MSA-2) covalently linked via ester bonds, which is co-assembled with a sonosensitizer.

Parkin Acetylation-Mediated Mitophagy Orchestrates Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Osteogenesis and Bone Regeneration During Ageing.

Aim: To investigate the functional significance of mitophagy in age-related osteogenic decline and the underlying mechanisms using in vivo and in vitro models.

Materials And Methods: An alveolar bone defect model in aged mice and a serial passaging-induced ageing model of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were established. Osteogenic potential in mice was assessed by micro-CT, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical analyses and histological staining.