Determination of Ethoxy Content in Ethylcellulose via Relative Quantitative H NMR Spectroscopy.

The research team established a quantitative H NMR method to determine the relative ethoxy content (EO%) in ethylcellulose using a CDCl/TFA-d solvent mixture. High-field NMR spectroscopy enabled direct measurement without the use of internal or external calibrants by integrating the methyl proton signals (δ 1.15 ppm) and the methylene/methine proton signals (δ 2.

Machine learning-assisted classification and adulteration detection of fatty oils using fatty acid profiles obtained via supercritical fluid chromatography.

Fatty oils are essential in the pharmaceutical field for enhancing the solubility and oral bioavailability of drugs, as well as reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, detecting adulteration in specific fatty oils is critical to ensuring pharmaceutical quality and safety. In this study, we present a rapid method for classifying and detecting adulteration that combines supervised machine learning (ML) with supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry (SFC-MS).

Comparative analysis of impurity profiles in rifampicin capsules with different crystal forms using LC-MS/MS.

Rifampicin (RIF) is a kind of semi-synthetic antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial action, which has remarkable antibacterial activity against many pathogenic microorganisms. The World Health Organization classifies RIF as critically important for human medicine, especially for tuberculosis treatment. The polymorphic nature of RIF contributes to the complexity of the impurities of the drug.

Targeted screening and profiling of massive components of colistimethate sodium by two-dimensional-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based on self-constructed compound database.

In-depth study of the components of polymyxins is the key to controlling the quality of this class of antibiotics. Similarities and variations of components present significant analytical challenges. A two-dimensional (2D) liquid chromatography-mass spectrometr (LC-MS) method was established for screening and comprehensive profiling of compositions of the antibiotic colistimethate sodium (CMS).

Targeted and non-targeted metabolic analysis of chlorpromazine in grass carp as well as the in-silico and metabolomics toxicity assessment.

Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is an abused sedative that is extensively metabolized in organisms. However, the metabolic pathway of CPZ in aquatic organisms is still unclear. In this study, CPZ metabolites was analyzed in grass carp exposed to CPZ in the raising water using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS).

Penetration Enhancer-Free Mixed Micelles for Improving Eprinomectin Transdermal c Efficiency in Animal Parasitic Infections Therapy.

Introduction: Eprinomectin offers promise against parasitic infections. This study develops Eprinomectin (EPR) mixed micelles for transdermal delivery, aiming to enhance efficacy and convenience against endoparasites and ectoparasites. Physicochemical characterization and pharmacokinetic studies were conducted to assess its potential as an effective treatment for parasitic infections.

Rapid Determination of Trace Ethylene Glycol and Diethylene Glycol in Propylene Glycol-Contained Syrups by Ultrahigh-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry after Precolumn Derivatization.

Ethylene glycol (EG) and diethylene glycol (DEG) are two contaminants known to cause a variety of human health problems, when ingested in certain amounts, they can cause adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and even death. They are widely found in propylene glycol, which is commonly used as a base for pharmaceutical syrups. The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method for the evaluation of EG and DEG in commercially available pediatric syrups.

Rapid determination of 54 dye components in hair dyes by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Chemical hair dye components can have allergenic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risks. Detecting restricted and prohibited ingredients in these products is challenging due to product diversity, isomer separation, instability, and wide polarity range. A method was developed using HPLC-high-resolution mass spectrometry for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of 54 hair dye components in various products.

Simultaneous detection of five mycotoxins in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by visual protein microarray.

The pollution of mycotoxins to crops such as traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) is an established problem throughout the world. Thus, mycotoxin determination in TCMs during production and processing is significantly necessary, which means rapid, sensitive and accurate analytical methods are needed. In this work, a new method of visual protein microarray based on a 96-well microtiter plate was proposed.

Zinc Promoted Cross-Electrophile Sulfonylation to Access Alkyl-Alkyl Sulfones.

The transition metal-catalyzed multi-component cross-electrophile sulfonylation, which incorporates SO as a linker within organic frameworks, has proven to be a powerful, efficient, and cost-effective means of synthesizing challenging alkyl-alkyl sulfones. Transition metal catalysts play a crucial role in this method by transferring electrons from reductants to electrophilic organohalides, thereby causing undesirable side reactions such as homocoupling, protodehalogenation, β-hydride elimination, etc. It is worth noting that tertiary alkyl halides have rarely been demonstrated to be compatible with current methods owing to various undesired side reactions.

A versatile dilution-treatment-detection microfluidic chip platform for rapid In vitro lung cancer drug combination sensitivity evaluation.

Combination drug therapy represents an effective strategy for treating certain drug-resistant and intractable cancer cases. However, determining the optimal combination of drugs and dosages is challenging due to clonal diversity in patients' tumors and the lack of rapid drug sensitivity evaluation methods. Microfluidic technology offers promising solutions to this issue.

Discrimination of polysorbate 20 by high-performance liquid chromatography-charged aerosol detection and characterization for components by expanding compound database and library.

Analyzing polysorbate 20 (PS20) composition and the impact of each component on stability and safety is crucial due to formulation variations and individual tolerance. The similar structures and polarities of PS20 components make accurate separation, identification, and quantification challenging. In this work, a high-resolution quantitative method was developed using single-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with charged aerosol detection (CAD) to separate 18 key components with multiple esters.

Crosstalk in extrahepatic and hepatic system in NAFLD/NASH.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents an extremely progressive form of NAFLD, which, without timely intervention, may progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Presently, a definitive comprehension of the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH eludes us, and pharmacological interventions targeting NASH specifically remain constrained.

Silk Fibroin Formed Bioadhesive Ophthalmic Gel for Dry Eye Syndrome Treatment.

Purpose: Dry eye syndrome (DES), arising from various etiologic factors, leads to tear film instability and ocular surface damage. Given its anti-inflammatory effects, cyclosporine A (CsA) has been widely used as a short-term treatment option for DES. However, poor bioavailability and solubility of CsA in aqueous phase make the development of a cyclosporine A-based eye drop for ocular topical application a huge challenge.

Establishment of the First National Standard for Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 XBB Variants.

Neutralizing antibodies (NtAbs) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are indicators of vaccine efficacy that enable immunity surveillance. However, the rapid mutation of SARS-CoV-2 variants prevents the timely establishment of standards required for effective XBB vaccine evaluation. Therefore, we prepared four candidate standards (No.

[Opening experiments: synthesis, purification, and characterization of polyethyleneimine-modified carbon dots].

Open experiments are an effective means of cultivating top-notch innovative talents. Based on student interests, research hotspots and our laboratory conditions, an experimental scheme was designed. In this experiment, polyethyleneimine modified carbon dots (PEI-CDs) were prepared via a one-step hydrothermal method using citric acid (CA) as the carbon source and PEI as the surface passivator.

DNA adductomics aided rapid screening of genotoxic impurities using nucleosides and 3D bioprinted human liver organoids.

Current genotoxicity assessment methods are mainly employed to verify the genotoxic safety of drugs, but do not allow for rapid screening of specific genotoxic impurities (GTIs). In this study, a new approach for the recognition of GTIs has been proposed. It is to expose the complex samples to an in vitro nucleoside incubation model, and then draw complete DNA adduct profiles to infer the structures of potential genotoxic impurities (PGIs).

An integrated liposome-based microfluidic strategy for rapid colorimetric analysis: A case study of microRNA-21 detection.

In this study, a novel integrated liposome-based microfluidic platform combined with a smartphone was designed for the rapid colorimetric detection of microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) in real samples. The flowing surface-functionalized liposomes were first captured by nucleic acid-functionalized Au nanoparticles in the microfluidic chip. In the presence of miRNA-21, the DNA strand modified on the surface of Au nanoparticles hybridized with the target to form double-stranded products and was cleaved by duplex-specific nuclease (DSN) enzyme, causing the liposomes to be re-released.

The residues and health risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Pheretima (an earthworm-derived traditional medicine) from southeastern China.

Minimal research exists on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), despite their significant contributions to domestic and international health protection. This study is the first to investigate the levels, profiles, and health risks of PCB residue in Pheretima, a typical TCM produced from earthworm. Seventy-seven Pheretima samples from different regions of China were analyzed for 45 PCB congeners.