Investigating the role of transposable elements in shaping abdominal fat and egg production phenotypic traits in geese.

While transposable elements (TE) are critical drivers of genomic diversity, their influence on phenotypic traits in geese remain largely unexplored, primarily because most research has focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). In this study, we identified 157,044 TE absence polymorphisms (TAP) in the genome of 566 Sichuan White geese through whole-genome resequencing (with an average coverage depth of 12.44 ×) to evaluate their influence across different populations, and we extended our investigation to include a TE genome-wide association study (TE-GWAS) encompassing 48 traits, with a particular focus on abdominal fat weight.

Untargeted Metabolomics Uncovers Food Safety Risks: Polystyrene Nanoplastics Induce Metabolic Disorders in Chicken Liver.

Polystyrene nanoplastics (NPs) threaten agricultural ecosystems and the food chain; however, their hepatotoxicity in chickens, a key poultry species, remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of chronic NP exposure on hepatic metabolism to evaluate food safety risks in poultry products. Chickens were orally exposed to 100 nm polystyrene NPs via feed for 120 days.

Optimization of Duck Semen Freezing Procedure and Regulation of Oxidative Stress.

Waterfowl semen cryopreservation technology is a key link in genetic resource conservation and artificial breeding, but poultry spermatozoa, due to their unique morphology and biochemical properties, are prone to oxidative stress during freezing, resulting in a significant decrease in vitality. In this study, we first used four different freezing procedures (P1-P4) to freeze duck semen and compared their effects on duck sperm quality. Then, the changes in antioxidant indexes in semen were monitored.

Pathogenic mechanisms and molecular features of a novel UL2 gene-deficient duck enteritis virus endemic to China.

Duck enteritis virus (DEV) was identified as the etiological agent responsible for an outbreak of morbidity and mortality in adult ducks on a farm in Jiangsu, China. Diagnostic approaches confirmed that the outbreak was caused by the highly pathogenic DEV-JS2024 isolate. The clinical progression of the disease, characterized by lethargy, anorexia, ocular discharge, and high mortality, was accompanied by extensive hemorrhagic lesions in critical organs such as the liver, spleen, lungs, and bursa of Fabricius, consistent with known signs of DEV infection.

Dominance of the GI-19 genotype and genomic characterization of the S1 gene in avian infectious bronchitis virus from 2020 to 2024.

The continuous emergence of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) variants poses a critical threat to poultry health and productivity in China. In this study, we conducted comprehensive genetic and antigenic analyses of IBV strains isolated in our laboratory between 2020 and 2024. A total of 94 IBV isolates were sequenced for the S1 gene, revealing widespread nucleotide insertions, deletions, and mutations.

Population Structure, Genomic Features, and Antibiotic Resistance of Avian Pathogenic in Shandong Province and Adjacent Regions, China (2008-2023).

Avian pathogenic (APEC) poses a global threat to poultry health and public safety due to its high lethality, limited treatment options, and potential for zoonotic transmission via the food chain. However, long-term genomic surveillance remains limited, especially in countries like China where poultry farming is highly intensive. This study aimed to characterize the population structure, virulence traits, and antimicrobial resistance of 81 APEC isolates from diseased chickens collected over 16 years from Shandong and neighboring provinces in eastern China.

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Based on Genome-Wide Markers.

The is an outstanding local breed in China that has been placed under conservation due to the impact of specialized breeding and the widespread adoption of commercial varieties. As such, this study analyzed reproductive traits across three consecutive generations and utilized whole-genome resequencing data from 60 to assess conservation efficacy through genetic diversity, run of homozygosity (ROH) distribution, kinship, and population structure so as to better conserve the breed. The results show that, across generations, the body weight at first egg increased, the age at first egg was delayed, and the egg weight at first laying increased.

Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Flavor Precursor Traits in Chengkou Mountain Chicken.

Chengkou mountain chicken, a Chinese indigenous breed, exhibits unique flavor characteristics. However, the genetic basis of its flavor precursor substances remains unexplored. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (lcWGS) and genotype imputation to explore genetic markers linked to flavor precursors (nucleotides, amino acids, etc.

Colonization patterns of intestinal pioneering microbiota of different broiler breeds and their effects on composition of intestinal mucosal barrier during early life.

Intestinal pioneering microbiota can affect host growth, development, and health via microbial programming. However, the presence of microbial colonization in the intestine of embryonic chickens, development and colonization patterns of intestinal pioneering microbiota of different broiler breeds and their effects on the composition of intestinal mucosal barrier during early life remain unknown. Arbor Acres (AA) chickens exhibiting high growth efficiency traits and Chinese local Tibetan chickens exhibiting high environmental adaptability traits were used as experimental animals to verify the absence of bacterial colonization and a sterile state in embryonic chickens intestine under normal maternal health.

Construction and mechanism analysis of the sex reversal model of chicken gonadal somatic cells.

In chickens, sex determination is governed by genetic-hormonal interactions, but the dynamic interplay between sex hormones and receptor expression in gonadal somatic cells remains unclear. Here, we established an in vitro sex reversal model using embryonic chicken gonadal somatic cells (E18.5 days) to dissect temporal and dose-dependent regulatory mechanisms.

Characterization of a duck circovirus propagated in duck embryos: from genome to pathogenesis in SPF ducks.

Duck circovirus (DuCV) is a major pathogen in duck farming that causes immunosuppression and increases the susceptibility to secondary infections. This study focused on a Chinese DuCV strain, designated SDDC, which was isolated and characterized from Cherry Valley ducks in Shandong Province in 2022. The SDDC strain was successfully propagated in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) duck embryos and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy.

The Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Pleuromutilin Derivative Containing a 4-Fluorophenyl Group Targeting MRSA.

The pleuromutilin derivative, the compound PL-W, was synthesized by introducing a 4-fluorophenyl group at the C21 position and selected for comprehensive antibacterial evaluation. PL-W demonstrated notable antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant (MRSA), with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.03125 µg/mL, which is significantly lower than that of tiamulin (0.

Presence of infectious novel goose parvovirus in the skin of duck carcass associated with residual feather burrs.

Since the emergence of short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS) among Cherry Valley ducks in China, duck carcasses associated with residual feather burrs have been frequently noticed. Novel goose parvovirus (NGPV) DNAs have been detected in the skins of these carcasses, however, whether NGPV present in these carcass skins is still viable remains unclear. In this study, skin samples were collected from duck carcasses with feather burrs at a local slaughterhouse.

Insights into growth retardation and dwarfism caused by goose parvovirus in goslings: a transcriptomic profiling study.

Goose parvovirus (GPV) poses a significant threat to the waterfowl industry as it results in a high mortality rate and stunted growth in surviving goslings, leading to significant economic losses. We used 120 goslings and goose embryo fibroblasts inoculated with the GPV SYG61 strain to study the pathogenesis of GPV by pathological and gene expression profile changes. Fourteen days after infection with the GPV SYG61 strain, goslings showed a mortality rate of 63.

Effects of zinc methionine and selenium yeast on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune function and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens under heat stress.

1. This study evaluated the effects of zinc methionine (Zn-met) and selenium (Se) yeast on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune function and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens under heat stress (HS).2.

Phylogenetic Analysis and Pathogenicity of Avian Reoviruses Isolated from Viral Arthritis Cases in China 2010-2024.

Avian reovirus (ARV) is one of the main causes of viral arthritis, tenosynovitis, malabsorption syndrome (MAS), runting-stunting syndrome, and immunodepression. In recent years, due to the emergence of new ARV strains, outbreaks of the disease have brought significant economic losses to chicken flocks. To determine the prevalence of ARV in China from 2010 to 2024, a total of 409 tissue samples from different breeding farms were collected from chickens presenting clinical signs of lameness and swollen joints in various flocks located in 18 provinces.

Zonated Copper-Driven Breast Cancer Progression Countered by a Copper-Depleting Nanoagent for Immune and Metabolic Reprogramming.

While studies of various carcinomas have reported aberrant metal metabolism, much remains unknown regarding their spatial accumulation and regulatory impacts in tumors. Here, elevated copper levels are detected in breast cancer tumors from patients and animal models, specifically exhibiting a zonate spatial pattern. Spatially resolved multiomics analyses reveal that copper zonation drives a tumor metabolic preference for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) over glycolysis and promotes tumor metastatic and immune-desert phenotypes.

A comprehensive analysis of meat quality degradation and identification of spoilage markers in chicken during refrigerated storage using multi-method approach.

In order to better understand the stability and safety of chicken meat during its storage, to comprehend the changing law of chicken meat, and to screen markers that could characterize the deterioration of chicken meat. In this study, traditional methods for the determination of physicochemical indicators, gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), electronic nose, and electronic tongue were used to elucidate the quality profiles of chilled chickens during the shelf-life of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 d at 4 °C, and non-targeted and targeted metabolomics were utilized for the screening and validation of deterioration markers of chicken meat. The results indicated that the texture of the chilled chicken changed first, followed by volatile flavors.

DNA Methylation Patterns and Transcriptomic Data Were Integrated to Investigate Candidate Genes Influencing Reproductive Traits in Ovarian Tissue from Sichuan White Geese.

Ovarian tissue is critical for goose reproduction. This study aimed to investigate gene regulation by DNA methylation in relation to the reproductive traits of geese. We performed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) on ovarian tissues from Sichuan white geese (high-laying-rate group: HLRG, ♀ = 3; low-laying-rate group: LLRG, ♀ = 3) during the laying period.

C-type natriuretic peptide regulates lipid metabolism through a NPRB-PPAR pathway in the intramuscular and subcutaneous adipocytes in chickens.

Natriuretic peptides (NPs) have an important role in lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in animals. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an important NP, but the molecular mechanisms that underlie its activity are not completely understood. Treatment of intramuscular fat (IMF) and subcutaneous fat (SCF) adipocytes with CNP led to decreased differentiation, promoted proliferation and lipolysis, and increased the expression of natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPRB) mRNA.

mycorrhizae dietary fiber attenuates the development of obesity via regulating lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

Introduction: Mounting evidence has shown that mycorrhizae dietary fiber (Fv-DF) has the potential to significantly improve health outcomes by addressing lipid metabolic disorders. However, the mechanism underlying Fv-DF in regulating liver lipid metabolism of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice still merits to be systematically elaborated.

Methods: Herein, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing HFD-induced C57BL/6J mice as an obesity model to investigate the impact of Fv-DF on liver lipid accumulation.

Oxidative stress in the liver of chicken during fowl adenovirus serotype 4 infection.

Hepatitis is a significant pathological manifestation of fowl adenovirus serotype-4 (FAdV-4) infection, which is a crucial factor contributing to the mortality of chickens. The pathophysiology of liver disease is rooted in oxidative stress. The present study aims to investigate the presence of oxidative stress during the liver lesion process in FAdV-4 infection.

Difference Analysis on Virulence Genes, Biofilms and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of from Clinical and Subclinical Bovine Mastitis.

() has the ability to induce clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows, causing a huge loss for the dairy industry. In this study, 51 subclinical mastitis isolates and 36 clinical mastitis isolates from eight provinces of China between 2019 and 2021 were used to investigate the differences in their biological characteristics. The results showed that B1 (52.

Identification of DNA Methylation Differences in Pituitary Tissues of Sichuan White Geese Using Whole-Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS).

To explore the impact of epigenetic modifications on egg-laying traits in geese, we employed genome-wide bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) to analyze DNA methylation patterns in pituitary tissues of high-(HYP) and low-yield (LYP) Sichuan White geese. We achieved high-quality sequencing data (mean 19.09 Gb raw reads, 15.

Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Characteristic Functional Components in Pigeon Eggs.

We aimed to identify the characteristic functional components of pigeon eggs and the differences among pigeon, chicken, and quail eggs. We analyzed the metabolite profiles of three kinds of eggs using an untargeted metabolomics-based approach to better understand the differences in metabolites among pigeon, chicken, and quail eggs. Then, we quantitatively validated the differences in abundance of partial metabolites through a targeted metabolomics-based approach.