Biocontrol Potential of Rhizosphere Bacteria Against Root Rot in Cowpea: Suppression of Mycelial Growth and Conidial Germination.

The cultivation of cowpea (), a vital vegetable crop, faces significant threats from spp.-induced root rot. In this study, three fungal pathogens ( HKFf, HKFi, and HKFo) were isolated from symptomatic cowpea plants, and we screened 90 rhizobacteria from healthy rhizospheres using six culture media.

Genetic manipulation of H/J in sp. XT1-2-2 enhanced cadmium immobilization by regulating metabolic pathways.

The sp. XT1-2-2 strain has emerged as a promising candidate for cadmium immobilization; however, the genetic basis underlying its sulfur-mediated bioremediation mechanisms remains inadequately understood. To address this gap, we concentrated on two pivotal genes, H and J, within the sulfate assimilation pathway.

Enhancing rice salt Tolerance: Mechanisms of compound functional liquid in alleviating salt stress during the seedling stage.

Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important staple crops worldwide; however, salt stress significantly limits its growth and productivity. This study systematically investigates the growth-protective mechanisms of Compound Functional Liquid (CFL) in alleviating salt stress during the seedling stage of rice. The results indicate that under salt stress, CFL significantly improved the rehydration survival rate of rice, promoted its growth and development, and enhanced its osmotic regulation capacity.

Endophytic commensal bacteria capitalize on the AvrPto-FER pathway to enhance proliferation during early stages of pathogen invasion.

Leaves typically harbor a community of pre-existing beneficial and commensal bacteria that contribute to plant health. When pathogens invade, plants employ a series of strategies to response to the invasion, including the modulation of the microbial community structure. However, it remains unclear how commensal bacteria respond to pathogen at the early stage, and whether this response is specifically regulated.

Acid-resistant effectively controls pathogenic and improves plant health through metabolic interactions.

Unlabelled: is the etiological agent of Capsicum anthracnose. has traditionally been recognized as an effective biocontrol agent; however, its efficacy decreases due to soil acidification. In this study, we domesticated XY40-1 along an acid resistance gradient, resulting in a strain capable of growth at pH 4, and might adapt to acidic environments by regulating genes related to spore formation.

Cultivar-specific response of a root-associated microbiome assembly of rice to cadmium pollution.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cadmium (Cd) contamination is a serious threat to global food security and human health. However, the response of rice root-associated microbiomes to Cd pollution remains unclear.

Addition of Thermotolerant Nitrifying Bacteria During Pig Manure Composting Enhanced Nitrogen Retention and Modified Microbial Composition.

Preventing loss of nitrogen during aerobic manure composting is a critical challenge, and introducing microbial agents with specific functions offers a promising solution. This study aimed to explore how F2 (a thermotolerant nitrifying bacterium) affects nitrogen conservation, microbial dynamics, and nitrogen conversion-associated gene abundance during pig manure composting. Relative to the uninoculated controls, adding F2 markedly raised the germination index, nitrate content, and total nitrogen in the final compost, resulting in reduced nitrogen loss.

The Changes of the Endophytic Bacterial Community from Pepper Varieties with Different Capsaicinoids.

Capsaicinoids, the key compounds responsible for pepper pungency, have significant commercial and health value, yet the role of endophytic bacteria in their biosynthesis remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between endophytic bacterial communities and capsaicinoid content across 100 Capsicum annuum varieties. Two high-capsaicinoid (35.

subsp. subsp. nov., a Novel Subspecies Salt-Tolerant Endophytic Bacterium from Maize Root in Hunan.

In an investigation exploring endophytic microbiota from agricultural crops, an aerobic, non-motile, Gram-negative, coccobacillus-shaped bacterial isolate, designated as strain NGMCC 1.201697, was isolated from maize roots in Hunan Province, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain NGMCC 1.

Histone Phosphorylation in DNA Damage Response.

The DNA damage response (DDR) is crucial for maintaining genomic stability and preventing the accumulation of mutations that can lead to various diseases, including cancer. The DDR is a complex cellular regulatory network that involves DNA damage sensing, signal transduction, repair, and cell cycle arrest. Modifications in histone phosphorylation play important roles in these processes, facilitating DNA repair factor recruitment, damage signal transduction, chromatin remodeling, and cell cycle regulation.

Cryptotanshinone Inhibits Obesity-Related Cervical Cancer by Downregulating CXCL8 Expression in Hela Cells.

Cervical cancer is one of the cancers commonly found in the female reproductive system and is associated with obesity. However, the exact connection mechanisms remain unclear. Screening of key therapeutic targets and natural products with good antitumor activity has become a crucial strategy for cancer therapy.

Chitooligosaccharide application enhanced the growth and phytoremediation efficiency of industrial hemp in Cd-contaminated soils.

Hemp has been widely used for cadmium (Cd) remediation. However, its remediation efficiency needs to be improved. Chitooligosaccharides can enhance plant resistance and growth; however, their effects on hemp for Cd-remediation remain unclear.

Characterization of Endophytic Ahn75 and Its Potential for Biocontrol against Rice Blast.

Plant endophyte Streptomyces are excellent candidates as biocontrol agents against the rice blast fungus, . In this study, a novel strain Ahn75 with antifungal activity was isolated from healthy rice stem and identified as by phenotypic characterization and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene, multilocus and genome sequences. Inhibition test using culture filtrate showed that Ahn75 could effectively suppress , with mycelia growth inhibition rate of 80.

Effects of taurine on the growth performance, diarrhea, oxidative stress and intestinal barrier function of weanling piglets.

Oxidative damage resulting from weaning stress significantly impacts the growth performance and health status of piglets. Taurine, a dietary antioxidant with diverse functions, was investigated in this study for its protective role against weaning stress-induced oxidative damage and its underlying mechanism. Forty 28-day-old male castrated weaned piglets were randomly assigned to four groups.

Regulatory roles of APS reductase in Citrobacter sp. XT1-2-2 as a response mechanism to cadmium immobilization in rice.

Citrobacter sp. XT1-2-2, a functional microorganism with potential utilization, has the ability to immobilize soil cadmium. In this study, the regulatory gene cysH, as a rate-limiting enzyme in the sulfur metabolic pathway, was selected for functional analysis affecting cadmium immobilization in soil.

Isolation, characterization, and genomic analysis of a lytic bacteriophage, PQ43W, with the potential of controlling bacterial wilt.

Bacterial wilt (BW) is a devastating plant disease caused by the soil-borne bacterium species complex (Rssc). Numerous efforts have been exerted to control BW, but effective, economical, and environmentally friendly approaches are still not available. Bacteriophages are a promising resource for the control of bacterial diseases, including BW.

sp. nov., an oligotrophic, slightly acidophilic mesophile isolated from sandy soil.

A bacterial strain, designated S6, was isolated from the sandy soil on a rocky mountain in South China. Cells of S6 were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile and non-prosthecae-producing. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed the highest similarities to 12 uncultured bacteria, followed by sp.

Strigolactones shape the assembly of root-associated microbiota in response to phosphorus availability.

Plants rely on strigolactones (SLs) to regulate their development and form symbiotic relationships with microbes as part of the adaptive phosphorus (P) efficiency strategies. However, the impact of SLs on root-associated microbial communities in response to P availability remains unknown. Here, root microbiota of SL biosynthesis () and perception () were compared to wild-type Col-0 plants under different P concentrations.

Polyamine-containing natural products: structure, bioactivity, and biosynthesis.

Covering: 2005 to August, 2023Polyamine-containing natural products (NPs) have been isolated from a wide range of terrestrial and marine organisms and most of them exhibit remarkable and diverse activities, including antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antiangiogenic, antitumor, antiviral, iron-chelating, anti-depressive, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, antiobesity, and antioxidant properties. Their extraordinary activities and potential applications in human health and agriculture attract increasing numbers of studies on polyamine-containing NPs. In this review, we summarized the source, structure, classification, bioactivities and biosynthesis of polyamine-containing NPs, focusing on the biosynthetic mechanism of polyamine itself and representative polyamine alkaloids, polyamine-containing siderophores with catechol/hydroxamate/hydroxycarboxylate groups, nonribosomal peptide-(polyketide)-polyamine (NRP-(PK)-PA), and NRP-PK-long chain poly-fatty amine (lcPFAN) hybrid molecules.

Effect of replacing inorganic iron with iron-rich microbial preparations on growth performance, serum parameters and iron metabolism of weaned piglets.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing of dietary inorganic iron with iron-rich Lactobacillus plantarum and iron-rich Candida utilis on the growth performance, serum parameters, immune function and iron metabolism of weaned piglets. Fifty-four 28-day-old healthy Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire castrated male weanling piglets of similar body weight were randomly and equally divided into three groups. The piglets were kept in three pens per group, with six pigs in each pen.

Iron-rich Candida utilis improves intestinal health in weanling piglets.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of substituting inorganic iron in the diet of weanling piglets with iron-rich Candida utilis on gut morphology, immunity, barrier, and microbiota.

Methods And Results: Seventy-two healthy 28-day-old Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire desexed male weanling piglets were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 6), with 6 pens per group and 6 piglets in each pen. The control group was fed a basal diet containing ferrous sulfate (104 mg kg-1 iron), while the experimental group was fed a basal diet supplemented with iron-rich C.

A recombineering system for based on the native phage recombinase pair YqaJ/YqaK.

plays an important role in fundamental and applied research, and it has been widely used as a cell factory for the production of enzymes, antimicrobial materials, and chemicals for agriculture, medicine, and industry. However, genetic manipulation tools for have low efficiency. In this work, our goal was to develop a simple recombineering system for .

Can simultaneous immobilization of arsenic and cadmium in paddy soils be achieved by liming?

Liming acidic paddy soils to near-neutral pH is the most cost-effective strategy to minimize cadmium (Cd) accumulation by rice. However, the liming-induced effect on arsenic (As) (im)mobilization remains controversial and is called upon for further investigation, particularly for the safe utilization of paddy soils co-contaminated with As and Cd. Here, we explored As and Cd dissolution along pH gradients in flooded paddy soils and extracted key factors accounting for their release discrepancy with liming.