The Construction of a Mutant Library of Linseed and the Molecular Mechanism of High Oleic Acid Mutants from a Multi-Omics Perspective.

Flax ( L.) is a globally important oilseed crop, valued for its edible and industrial uses. Flax seeds are rich in unsaturated fatty acids.

Phages and Control of -Associated Human, Animal, and Plant Diseases.

Gram-negative bacteria are known for causing diseases in humans, animals, and plants, and high intrinsic resistance to antibiotics. Phage therapy is a promising alternative to control multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. Here, we present an overview of phage characteristics, host specificity, genomic classification, and therapeutic potentials across medical, veterinary, and agricultural systems.

Characterization and transcriptomic analysis provide novel insights into the sexual differentiation of the dioecious plant Bama Huoma (Cannabis sativa).

Background: Bama Huoma is a high-value cash crop because its seeds are known as the "holy seeds of longevity". However, its seed yield is restricted by dioecism, and information about flower sex differentiation in this plant is lacking.

Results: In this study, anatomical analysis and dynamic transcriptome profiling were performed to explore the mechanism of sex differentiation in Bama Huoma.

Root exudates mediate tobacco microbial community remodeling and resistance to bacterial wilt disease.

Background: Bacterial wilt, a devastating soil-borne disease affecting tobacco, is primarily caused by the pathogenic bacterium (Ralstonia solanacearum). R. solanacearum represents a substantial threat to the consistent enhancement of tobacco yield and quality.

Functional Identification Reveals That TaTGA16-2D Promotes Drought and Heat Tolerance.

The TGACG motif-binding factor (TGA) family is an important group of basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors in plants, playing crucial roles in plant development and stress responses. This study conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the TGA transcription factor (TF) family in common wheat ( L.).

Mining genetic loci and candidate genes related to salt tolerance traits in soybean.

Soybean is an important crop worldwide that provides ~ 50% oil for humans. Salinity is a major abiotic stress that inhibits soybean growth and yield. Dissecting the genetic basis of salt tolerance is an effective way for soybean plants to combat salt-related yield losses.

TaPPR13, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein Gene Activated by TaBZR2, Confers Drought Stress Tolerance by Enhancing the Antioxidant Defense System and Promoting Retrograde Signaling in Wheat (Triticum aestivum).

The wheat (Triticum aestivum) brassinazole-resistant 2 (TaBZR2) gene is identified as significantly associated with drought tolerance by genome-wide association study (GWAS), and a chloroplast pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein gene TaPPR13 functioned as a positive drought stress regulator downstream of TaBZR2. Overexpression of TaPPR13 enhanced the antioxidative defense system, whereas knockdown of TaPPR13 led to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caused abnormalities in chloroplast thylakoids under drought stress conditions. RNA-seq analysis showed that overexpression of TaPPR13 significantly upregulated the expression of nuclear-encoded genes involved in ROS scavenging and the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway.

Pan-genome and haplotype map of cassava cultivars and wild ancestors provide insights into its adaptive evolution and domestication.

Cassava is a highly resilient tropical crop that produces large, starchy storage roots and high biomass. However, how did cassava's remarkable environmental adaptability and key economic traits evolve from its wild species remain unclear. In this study, we obtained near complete telomere-to-telomere genome assemblies and their haplotype forms for the cultivar AM560, the wild ancestors FLA4047 and W14, constructed a graphic pan-genome of 30 representatives with a size of 1.

Dt1 interacts with HB40 to affect lateral root primordium development by regulating CDC48 in soybean.

Roots act as the plants' primary determinants of the uptake of water and nutrients, while the root structure largely depends on the repeated formation of new lateral roots (LR). Lateral root primordium (LRP) formation defines the organization and function of LRs. Therefore, lateral root formation is quite related to proper LRP morphogenesis to a great extent.

AlphaFold-Guided Bespoke Gene Editing Enhances Field-Grown Soybean Oil Contents.

Enhancing the oil or protein content of soybean, a major crop for oil and protein production is highly desirable. GmSWEET10a encodes a sugar transporter that is strongly selected during domestication and breeding, increasing seed size and oil content. GmSWEET10b is functionally similar to GmSWEET10a, yet has not been artificially selected.

Genome-wide identification of the nuclear redox protein gene family revealed its potential role in drought stress tolerance in rice.

Introduction: Thioredoxins (TRX) are redox-active proteins critical for plant stress adaptation. As a TRX family member, nucleoredoxin (NRX) maintains drought-induced redox homeostasis, yet its genome-wide characterization in rice remains uninvestigated.

Methods: Using HMMER3.

Soybean productivity can be enhanced by understanding rhizosphere microbiota: evidence from metagenomics analysis from diverse agroecosystems.

Background: Microbial communities associated with roots play a crucial role in the growth and health of plants and are constantly influenced by plant development and alterations in the soil environment. Despite extensive rhizosphere microbiome research, studies examining multi-kingdom microbial variation across large-scale agricultural gradients remain limited.

Results: This study investigates the rhizosphere microbial communities associated with soybean across 13 diverse geographical locations in China.

Enhancing drought resilience in durum wheat: effect of root architecture and genotypic performance in semi-arid rainfed regions.

Background: Developing drought-adapted genotypes is a primary goal for achieving resilient agriculture in the Mediterranean region. Durum wheat, a widely grown crop in the drylands of the Mediterranean basin, would significantly benefit from increased drought resistance.

Methods: We investigated a diverse set of 30 durum wheat varieties, including both local landraces and modern cultivars that have proven successful in Algeria.

A concise review on current trend of replacing fat in the development of non-dairy cheese analogues.

Cheese is one of the most liked milk products for the unique taste and also satisfying organoleptic properties. There has been a trending increase in exploring the alternative non-dairy ingredients for the production of cheese analogues. These can serve as cheese-like food products with lower cost and similar properties mimicking the unique flavour of cheese.

Higher Plant Diversity Does Not Moderate the Influence of Changing Rainfall Regimes on Plant-Soil Feedback of a Semi-Arid Grassland.

Climate change is expected to increase the frequency of severe droughts, but it remains unclear whether soil biotic conditioning by plant communities with varying species richness or functional group diversity moderate plant-soil feedback (PSF)-an important ecosystem process driving plant community dynamics-under altered rainfall regimes. We conducted a two-phase PSF experiment to test how plant diversity affects biotic PSF under different rainfall regimes. In Phase 1, we set up mesocosms with 15 plant assemblages composed of two grasses, two forbs and two nitrogen-fixing legumes [one, two, three, or six species from one, two, or three functional group(s)] common to the semi-arid eastern Eurasian Steppe.

Study on improving yield and antioxidant enzyme activities in millet by rationing molybdenum and nitrogen.

The application of appropriate nitrogen and molybdenum fertilizer can improve the growth and development of plants, increase photosynthetic efficiency, regulate active oxygen metabolism , maintain the oxidation balance required for normal cell growth, enhance the activity of crop antioxidant enzymes and dry matter accumulation, so as to increase crop yield. In order to investigate the effect mechanism of nitrogen fertilizer combined with foliar molybdenum fertilizer on millet yield and antioxidant enzyme activity, two nitrogen application gradients (N (0 kg/hm2) and N (75 kg/hm2) were set with millet variety Changnong 47 as material. Leaf molybdenum fertilizer Mo (0 %), Mo (0.

Identification of candidate genes for leaf size by QTL mapping and transcriptome sequencing in Brassica napus L.

Leaf is the main photosynthetic organ at the seedling stage of rapeseed and leaf size is a crucial agronomic trait affecting rapeseed yield. Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying leaf size is therefore important for rapeseed breeding. In this study, QTL mapping for three traits related to leaf size, i.

Soil microbiological assessment on diversified annual cropping systems in China.

Recent studies have demonstrated that monocropping of flue-cured tobacco can lead to various issues, including nutrient deficiencies, accumulation of allelopathic substances, and disturbance in soil microbial flora. While diversification in cropping systems has proven effective in alleviating monocropping barriers, however, further exploration is needed to understand the potential microbial mechanisms involved in this process. In our study, we set five cropping systems (RR: rice monocropping; TR: tobacco-rice rotation over 20 years; TRA: tobacco-rice-astragalus rotation; TRW: tobacco-rice-wheat rotation; TRO: tobacco-rice-oilseed rape rotation) to explore the impact on crop yield and quality, soil chemical properties, and microbial diversity.

Role of hypothetical protein PA1-LRP in antibacterial activity of endolysin from a new phage PA1.

Introduction: has emerged as a significant plant pathogen affecting various crops worldwide, causing substantial economic losses. Bacteriophages and their endolysins offer promising alternatives for controlling bacterial infections, addressing the growing concerns of antibiotic resistance.

Methods: This study isolated and characterized the phage PA1 and investigated the role of PA1-LRP in directly damaging bacteria and assisting endolysin PA1-Lys in cell lysis, comparing its effect to exogenous transmembrane domains following the identification and analysis of the PA1-Lys and the PA1-LRP based on whole genome analysis of phage PA1.

Wild rice GL12 synergistically improves grain length and salt tolerance in cultivated rice.

The abounding variations in wild rice provided potential reservoirs of beneficial genes for rice breeding. Maintaining stable and high yields under environmental stresses is a long-standing goal of rice breeding but is challenging due to internal trade-off mechanisms. Here, we report wild rice GL12 improves grain length and salt tolerance in both indica and japonica genetic backgrounds.

Integrated Transcriptional and Metabolomic Analysis of Factors Influencing Root Tuber Enlargement during Early Sweet Potato Development.

Background: Sweet potato ( (L.) Lam.) is widely cultivated as an important food crop.

OsGRF6-OsYUCCA1/OsWRKY82 Signaling Cascade Upgrade Grain Yield and Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice.

As a major crop in the world, the sustainable development of rice is often severely restricted by bacterial blight. Breeding crops with resistance is an efficient way to control bacterial blight. However, enhancing resistance often incurs a fitness penalty, making it challenging to simultaneously increase bacterial blight resistance and yield potential.

Genomic Characterization of Phage ZP3 and Its Endolysin LysZP with Antimicrobial Potential against pv. .

pv. (Xoo) is a significant bacterial pathogen responsible for outbreaks of bacterial leaf blight in rice, posing a major threat to rice cultivation worldwide. Effective management of this pathogen is crucial for ensuring rice yield and food security.