Root exudates mediate tobacco microbial community remodeling and resistance to bacterial wilt disease.

Background: Bacterial wilt, a devastating soil-borne disease affecting tobacco, is primarily caused by the pathogenic bacterium (Ralstonia solanacearum). R. solanacearum represents a substantial threat to the consistent enhancement of tobacco yield and quality.

Soil microbiological assessment on diversified annual cropping systems in China.

Recent studies have demonstrated that monocropping of flue-cured tobacco can lead to various issues, including nutrient deficiencies, accumulation of allelopathic substances, and disturbance in soil microbial flora. While diversification in cropping systems has proven effective in alleviating monocropping barriers, however, further exploration is needed to understand the potential microbial mechanisms involved in this process. In our study, we set five cropping systems (RR: rice monocropping; TR: tobacco-rice rotation over 20 years; TRA: tobacco-rice-astragalus rotation; TRW: tobacco-rice-wheat rotation; TRO: tobacco-rice-oilseed rape rotation) to explore the impact on crop yield and quality, soil chemical properties, and microbial diversity.

Effects of Biochar and Straw Amendment on Soil Fertility and Microbial Communities in Paddy Soils.

Straw and biochar, two commonly used soil amendments, have been shown to enhance soil fertility and the composition of microbial communities. To compare the effects of straw and biochar on soil fertility, particularly focusing on soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) components, and the physiochemical properties of soil and microbial communities, a combination of high-throughput sequencing and three-dimensional fluorescence mapping technology was employed. In our study, we set up four treatments, i.

Influences of tobacco straw return with lime on microbial community structure of tobacco-planting soil and tobacco leaf quality.

Soil amendment is an important strategy for improving soil quality and crop yield. From 2014 to 2019, we conducted a study to investigate the effects of tobacco straw return with lime on soil nutrients, soil microbial community structure, tobacco leaf yield, and quality in southern Anhui, China. A field experiment was conducted with four treatments: straw removed (CK), straw return (St), straw return with dolomite (St + D), and straw return with lime (St + L).

Root-zone fertilization improves crop yields and minimizes nitrogen loss in summer maize in China.

It is urgently to minimize nitrogen (N) loss while simultaneously ensuring high yield for maize in China. A two-year field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of root-zone fertilization (RZF) and split-surface broadcasting (SSB) on grain yield, N use efficiency (NUE), and urea-N fate under different N rates (135, 180 and 225 kg ha). Results showed that RZF increased grain yield by 11.

One-time root-zone N fertilization increases maize yield, NUE and reduces soil N losses in lime concretion black soil.

Excess N-fertilizer application and inappropriate fertilization methods have led to low N use efficiency (NUE) and high N leaching. A field experiment was performed in a typical lime concretion black soil area to compare N application methods: split surface broadcasting (SSB) and one-time root-zone fertilization (RZF) on grain yield, NUE, the fate of N urea and soil N loss during the 2015 and 2016 maize growing seasons. Each application method was tested at N rates of 135 and 180 kg N ha, and a control (CK) with no N fertilizer.

Effect of exogenous selenium supply on photosynthesis, Na accumulation and antioxidative capacity of maize (Zea mays L.) under salinity stress.

The mechanism of selenium-mediated salt tolerance has not been fully clarified. This study investigated the possible role of selenium (Se) in regulating maize salt tolerance. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the role of Se (0, 1, 5 and 25 μM NaSeO) in photosynthesis, antioxidative capacity and ion homeostasis in maize under salinity.

[Selenium uptake and transport of rice under different Se-enriched natural soils].

In this study, a pot experiment was conducted with "Wandao 205" as test materials to investigate Se uptake and translocation in rice under different Se concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 1.