Enhancing spectral estimation accuracy of soil organic carbon by using geographic region and clay content as covariates.

Accurate monitoring of soil organic carbon (SOC) content, a core indicator of soil quality and ecosystem health, is important for sustainable agricultural development. Visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy has become an important monitoring method owing to its fast, non-destructive, and cost-effective advantages. Regional soil data is difficult to cover soil attribute variations in complex environments.

New insights into alleviation mechanism of boron on H+ toxicity in Poncirus trifoliate: evidence from the stabled intracellular pH to the repaired plasma membrane.

Inappropriate fertilization and poor management practices in citrus orchards can cause soil acidification, which may result in potential proton (H+) toxicity to citrus roots. It has been reported that boron (B) can mediate H+ detoxification in citrus; however, the mechanisms remain limited. Herein, a hydroponic experiment was employed to unravel the alleviation mechanism of B on H+ toxicity at pH 4 in trifoliate (Poncirus trifoliate (L.

Biochar amendment modulate microbial community assembly to mitigate saline-alkaline stress across soil depths.

While microbial community assembly in saline-alkali topsoils is well-documented, distribution patterns across biochar application depths and soil layers remain unclear. This incubation study evaluated five treatment: no biochar (CK), homogeneous application (EB), and concentrated applications in upper (FB: 0-10 cm), middle (MB: 10-20 cm), or bottom layers (DB: 20-30 cm). Biochar application significantly accelerated vertical salt migration, with FB inducing 45.

Unraveling the synergistic effect of biochar and potassium solubilizing bacteria on potassium availability and rapeseed growth in acidic soil.

Potassium (K) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth. However, its bioavailability is low in acidic soils. Excessive K fertilization deteriorates the soil health, thus highlighting the need for sustainable alternatives.

Effects of Biochar and Straw Amendment on Soil Fertility and Microbial Communities in Paddy Soils.

Straw and biochar, two commonly used soil amendments, have been shown to enhance soil fertility and the composition of microbial communities. To compare the effects of straw and biochar on soil fertility, particularly focusing on soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) components, and the physiochemical properties of soil and microbial communities, a combination of high-throughput sequencing and three-dimensional fluorescence mapping technology was employed. In our study, we set up four treatments, i.

Straw Addition Enhances Crop Yield, Soil Aggregation, and Soil Microorganisms in a 14-Year Wheat-Rice Rotation System in Central China.

Straw return utilizes waste resources to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers worldwide. However, information is still lacking on the relative impact of straw return on soil fertility, the nutrient composition of different soil aggregates, and soil microbial communities. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the effects of different management practices on the crop yield, soil fertility, and soil community composition in a 14-year wheat-rice rotation system.

Alleviation of cotton growth suppression caused by salinity through biochar is strongly linked to the microbial metabolic potential in saline-alkali soil.

Biochar is a typical soil organic amendment; however, there is limited understanding of its impact on the metabolic characteristics of microorganisms in saline-alkaline soil microenvironment, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of plant-microorganism interactions. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the impact of saline-alkali stress on cotton, a 6-month pot experiment was conducted, involving the sowing of cotton seedlings in saline-alkali soil. Three different biochar application levels were established: 0 % (C0), 1 % (C1), and 2 % (C2).

Alterations in the composition and metabolite profiles of the saline-alkali soil microbial community through biochar application.

Saline-alkali soil poses significant chanllenges to sustainable development of agriculture. Although biochar is commonly used as a soil organic amendment, its microbial remediation mechanism on saline-alkali soil requires further confirmation. To address this, we conducted a pot experiment using cotton seedlings to explore the potential remediation mechanism of rice straw biochar (BC) at three different levels on saline-alkaline soil.

Effect of co-application of straw and various nitrogen fertilizers on NO emission in acid soil.

In order to explore the alteration of N transformation and NO emissions in acid soil with the co-application of straw and different types of nitrogen (N) fertilizers, an incubation experiment was carried out for 40 days. There are totally five treatments in the study: (a) without straw and N fertilizer (N0), (b) straw alone application (SN0), (c) straw with NHCl (SN1), (d) straw with NaNO (SN2), and (e) straw with NHNO (SN3). NO emissions, soil physicochemical properties, and abundance/activity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) were measured.

"Exogenous boron alleviates salt stress in cotton by maintaining cell wall structure and ion homeostasis".

Salt stress is considered one of the major abiotic stresses that impair agricultural production, while boron (B) is indispensable for plant cell composition and has also been found to alleviate salt stress. However, the regulatory mechanism of how B improves salt resistance via cell wall modification remains unknown. The present study primarily focused on investigating the mechanisms of B-mediated alleviation of salt stress in terms of osmotic substances, cell wall structure and components and ion homeostasis.

Can the co-application of biochar and different inorganic nitrogen fertilizers repress NO emissions in acidic soil?

The sole application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer with lower NO emission potential or combined with biochar may help for mitigating NO production. However, how biochar applied with various inorganic N fertilizers affected NO emission in acidic soil remains unclear. Thus, we examined NO emission, soil N dynamics and relating nitrifiers (i.

Iron-modified biochar reduces nitrogen loss and improves nitrogen retention in Luvisols by adsorption and microbial regulation.

Nitrogen (N) loss poses a great threat to global environmental sustainability. The application of modified biochar is a novel strategy to improve soil nitrogen retention and alleviate the negative effects caused by N fertilizers. Therefore, in this study iron modified biochar was used as a soil amendment to investigate the potential mechanisms of N retention in Luvisols.

Insight into mechanisms of biochar-fertilizer induced of microbial community and microbiology of nitrogen cycle in acidic soil.

Biochar has been shown to affect the nitrogen (N) cycle in soil, however, it is unknown how this occurs. Therefore, we used metabolomics, high-throughput sequencing, and quantitative PCR to explore biochar and nitrogen fertilizer effects on the mitigation mechanisms of adverse environments in acidic soil. In the current research, we used acidic soil and maize straw biochar (pyrolyzed at 400 °C with limited oxygen).

30-Month Pot Experiment: Biochar Alters Soil Potassium Forms, Soil Properties and Soil Fungal Diversity and Composition in Acidic Soil of Southern China.

Biochar has a significant impact on improving soil, nutrient supply, and soil microbial amounts. However, the impacts of biochar on soil fungi and the soil environment after 30 months of cultivation experiments are rarely reported. We studied the potential role of peanut shell biochar (0% and 2%) in the soil properties and the soil fungal communities after 30 months of biochar application under different soil potassium (K) levels (100%, 80%, 60%, 0% K fertilizer).

The regulation of plant lignin biosynthesis under boron deficiency conditions.

Boron (B) is a required micronutrient that is crucial for the growth and development of vascular plants. A deficiency in B is generally regarded as a limiting factor affecting agricultural production in many parts of the world. Boron is involved in the metabolism of plant lignin and additionally, B deficiency can lead to the excessive accumulation of lignin in plant leaves/roots, resulting in corking symptoms and inhibited growth.

Effect of exogenous l-aspartate nano‑calcium on root growth, calcium forms and cell wall metabolism of Brassica napus L.

Currently, l-aspartate nano‑calcium (Ca(L-asp)-NPs) has been sued as a calcium supplement for humans, but its effects on plants are not well elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of exogenous Ca(L-asp)-NPs on the growth of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) for the first time.

Boron contributes to excessive aluminum tolerance in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) by inhibiting cell wall deposition and promoting vacuole compartmentation.

Boron (B) is an indispensable micronutrient for plant growth that can also alleviate aluminum (Al) toxicity. However, limited data are available on the underlying mechanisms behind this phenomenon. Here, we found that a certain range of B application could alleviate the inhibitory effects of Al toxicity on citrus.

14 year applications of chemical fertilizers and crop straw effects on soil labile organic carbon fractions, enzyme activities and microbial community in rice-wheat rotation of middle China.

Traditional fertilization management can damage soil structure and lead to severe soil erosion. The practice of crop straw returning to the field reduces the negative impact of straw burning and improves soil quality. We investigated the effects of these agricultural practices on soil organic carbon components, enzyme activities, and soil microorganisms over 14 years of field experiments.

Boron-mediated lignin metabolism in response to aluminum toxicity in citrus (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) root.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity has conspicuous detrimental effects on citrus production whereas boron (B) has been shown to alleviate its toxicity. Lignin plays a critical role in the cell wall extensibility and root elongation under stressed conditions. Hence, the interaction between B and Al on cell wall structure and lignin-related metabolic pathway was investigated in root of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.

Increasing media pH contribute to the absorption of boron via roots to promote the growth of citrus.

Low pH is an important limiting factor for plant development in the south of China due to problems of acid red soil and boron (B) deficiency. Whereas, there is very limited information on the relationship between media pH and B distribution in plant, the physiological process changed by the interaction of pH and B in citrus growth also unclear. This experiment was conducted on trifoliate rootstock by employing two different concentrations of B (0 or 10 μM B) under three pH levels: pH 4, pH 5, and pH 6.