Enhancing spectral estimation accuracy of soil organic carbon by using geographic region and clay content as covariates.

Accurate monitoring of soil organic carbon (SOC) content, a core indicator of soil quality and ecosystem health, is important for sustainable agricultural development. Visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy has become an important monitoring method owing to its fast, non-destructive, and cost-effective advantages. Regional soil data is difficult to cover soil attribute variations in complex environments.

Adversarial training with misaligned label correction for carotid segmentation from simultaneous non-contrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage MRI.

Background: Simultaneous non-contrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage (SNAP) imaging allows multi-contrast MR images with large longitudinal coverage to be acquired in a single scan. With vessel wall boundaries available, vulnerable plaque components can be detected automatically from SNAP images. However, since SNAP imaging has not been previously used for vessel wall identification, vessel wall boundaries were required to be segmented from conventional multi-contrast MRI first before registering to SNAP images.

Scalable Production of Hygroscopic Gel Spheres to Enhance Seedling Growth via Atmospheric Water Harvesting and Controlled Fertilizer Release.

Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) technologies offer potential solutions for alleviating agricultural water scarcity. However, it faces significant challenges, including environmental compatibility, scalability, and multifunctional integration. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel strategies to improve agricultural water use efficiency.

Exogenous carbon inputs alleviated salt-induced oxidative stress to cotton in salinized field by improving soil aggregate structure and microbial community.

High concentrations of salt ions in salinized soils not only destroy soil structure, but also inhibit crop growth. Straw and straw-derived biochar have great potential in improving soil structure, reducing soil salinity, improving soil environment, and alleviating salt stress. However, the effects and mechanisms of exogenous addition of different carbon sources on the aggregate structure and microbial community of soils with different salinization degrees in cotton fields as well as the antioxidant defense system of cotton are still unclear.

Estimating photosynthetic characteristics of forage rape by fusing the sensitive spectral bands to combined stresses of nitrogen and salt.

Leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (PGE-CFPs), which respond significantly and quickly to environmental stresses, have been used to assess the early responses of crop physiology to stresses. Most spectral estimations only focus on crop photosynthetic characteristics under a single environmental stress. Thus, the methods proposed previously are not suitable for the estimations under combined stresses (i.

Facile Synthesis of Polyorganosiloxanes via Photo-Induced Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization Using a Latent Catalyst.

Precise, controlled, and living polymerization of cyclosiloxanes is garnering considerable attention due to the distinct properties and promising applications of polyorganosiloxanes in various fields. In this contribution, photo-induced living anionic ring-opening polymerization of cyclosiloxanes is achieved by developing an efficient photobase generator (PBG). Structure-photoactivity analysis of the photo-latent catalyst is undertaken by synergistic density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental investigations.

Epsin bioactive coating reduced in-stent intimal hyperplasia by promoting early phase reendothelialization and inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation.

In recent years, interventional surgery has become a treatment for ischemic stroke due to its low risk of injury. However, the occurrence of restenosis hinders the long-term effectiveness and safety of stent implantation. At present, drug-eluting stents mainly prevent the stenosis of drug-eluting stents by inhibiting the proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs).

N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Based Copolymers for Templated Synthesis and Stabilization of Gold Nanoparticles.

Surface functionalization and colloidal stability are pivotal for numerous applications of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs). Over the past decade, N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have emerged as promising ligands for stabilizing Au-NPs owing to their ease of synthesis, structural diversity, and strong metal-ligand bonds. Here, we introduce new Au(I)-NHCcopolymer scaffolds as precursors to multidentate NHC-protected Au-NPs.

Preparation and Performance Study of Composite Aramid Paper for High-Frequency Working Conditions.

When the power converter connects to the high-frequency transformer breaks through the bottleneck and reaches a frequency of 100 kHz or even higher, the high-frequency transformer's inter-turn insulation faces more serious high-frequency discharge and high-temperature problems. In order to improve the service performance of oil-immersed high-frequency transformer insulation paper, composite K-BNNS particles are prepared by ultrasonic stripping, heat treatment, and thermomagnetic stirring. Then, K-BNNS particles are mixed with PMIA (polymeric m-phenylenediamine solution) slurry to produce composite aramid paper.

Photomediated Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclosiloxanes with Temporal Control.

Precision synthesis of polyorganosiloxanes and temporal control over the polymerization process during ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclosiloxanes remain challenging due to the occurrence of side reactions, e.g., intramolecular transfer (backbiting) and intermolecular chain transfer, and irreversible catalyst transformation.

Preparation of nutrient hydrogels with core-shell structure for seed germination and seedling growth in high temperature saline environment.

Drought and soil degradation are the key factors in desertification control. How to improve the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer has always been the focus of research in desert areas. The conventional hydrogel-loaded fertilizer is not suitable because of the high salinity and large temperature difference in sandy land.

Enhancing Th17 cells drainage through meningeal lymphatic vessels alleviate neuroinflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe cerebrovascular disorder primarily caused by the rupture of aneurysm, which results in a high mortality rate and consequently imposes a significant burden on society. The occurrence of SAH initiates an immune response that further exacerbates brain damage. The acute inflammatory reaction subsequent to SAH plays a crucial role in determining the prognosis.

Mechanistic study of NUPR1 in bladder cancer development through transcriptional regulation of CCR2.

Nuclear protein-1 (NUPR1) (also known as p8) is one of the genes associated with transcription factors that participate in various aspects of cancer initiation and development. However, the molecular mechanisms of NUPR1 in bladder cancer (BLCA) remain unclear. We conducted an analysis of the correlation between NUPR1 expression and related genes using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) online database.

Dielectric Ceramics Database Automatically Constructed by Data Mining in the Literature.

Vast published dielectric ceramics literature is a natural database for big-data analysis, discovering structure-property relationships, and property prediction. We constructed a data-mining pipeline based on natural language processing (NLP) to extract property information from about 12,900 published dielectric ceramics articles and normalized more than 20 properties. The micro-F1 scores for sentence classification, named entities recognition, relation extraction (related), and relation extraction (same), are 91.

Edaravone dexborneol attenuates oxidative stress in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage via Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) serves as a disease characterized by high incidence rate, which is exceedingly prevalent and severe. Presently, there is no unambiguous or efficacious intervention for the neurological impairment following SAH. Administering multi-targeted neuroprotective agents to reduce oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation caused by early brain injury (EBI) has been demonstrated to improve neurological function and prognosis following SAH.

Multi-molecular hyperspectral PRM-SRS microscopy.

Lipids play crucial roles in many biological processes. Mapping spatial distributions and examining the metabolic dynamics of different lipid subtypes in cells and tissues are critical to better understanding their roles in aging and diseases. Commonly used imaging methods (such as mass spectrometry-based, fluorescence labeling, conventional optical imaging) can disrupt the native environment of cells/tissues, have limited spatial or spectral resolution, or cannot distinguish different lipid subtypes.

Construction of NiS@ZIS@CN photocatalyst with type II and Z-type heterojunctions by self-assembly for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

A novel ternary photocatalyst NiS@ZIS@CN with type II and Z-type heterojunctions was synthesized for the first time by hydrothermal and electrostatic self-assembly methods, effectively avoiding the thermal decomposition of CN during the synthesis of the complex. The best ternary catalyst NiS@ZIS@CN is capable of achieving an optimal hydrogen evolution rate of 9750 mmol g h, which is approximately 10.89 times as high as that of CN, indicating that the complex effectively enhanced the photocatalytic properties of the monomer.

Improving the estimation accuracy of rapeseed leaf photosynthetic characteristics under salinity stress using continuous wavelet transform and successive projections algorithm.

Soil salinization greatly restricts crop production in arid areas for salinity stress can inhibit crop photosynthesis and growth. Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic gas exchange (CFPGE) parameters are important indicators of crop photosynthesis and have been widely used to evaluate the impacts of salinity stress on crop photosynthesis and growth. Remote sensing technology can quickly and non-destructively obtain crop information under salinity stress, however, at present, the distribution of spectral features of CFPGE parameters in different regions is still unclear.

Aloe-emodin from Sanhua Decoction inhibits neuroinflammation by regulating microglia polarization after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) triggers a cascade of events that lead to early brain injury (EBI), which contributes to poor outcomes and appears within 3 days after SAH initiation. EBI involves multiple process including neuronal death, blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury and inflammation response. Microglia are cluster of immune cells originating in the brain which respond to SAH by changing their states and releasing inflammatory molecules through various signaling pathways.

Chitosan-salvianolic acid B coating on the surface of nickel-titanium alloy inhibits proliferation of smooth muscle cells and promote endothelialization.

Intracranial stents are of paramount importance in managing cerebrovascular disorders. Nevertheless, the currently employed drug-eluting stents, although effective in decreasing in-stent restenosis, might impede the re-endothelialization process within blood vessels, potentially leading to prolonged thrombosis development and restenosis over time. This study aims to construct a multifunctional bioactive coating to enhance the biocompatibility of the stents.

Improving the ability of straw biochar to remediate Cd contaminated soil: KOH enhanced the modification of KPO and urea on biochar.

In recent years, the improvement of soil cadmium (Cd) contamination remediation effect of biochar by modification has received wide attention. However, the effect of combined modification on biochar performance in soil Cd contamination remediation and the mechanism are still unclear. In this study, cotton straw biochar and maize straw biochar were co-modified by KOH (0, 3, 5 mol L), KPO, and urea.

Effect of atomic anti-site disorder on the anisotropic magnetoresistance in FeCoalloys.

In order to understand the anti-site disorder effect on the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) of alloys,Fe50Co50alloys were studied in this work using the fully relativistic spin-polarized Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method. The anti-site disorder was modeled by interchanging Fe and Co atoms and treated by the coherent potential approximation. It is found that the anti-site disorder broadens the spectral function and decreases the conductivity.

Robust and Wide Temperature-Range Zinc Metal Batteries with Unique Electrolyte and Substrate Design.

Rechargeable zinc metal batteries are promising for large-scale energy storage. However, their practical application is limited by harsh issues such as uncontrollable dendrite growth, low Coulombic efficiency, and poor temperature tolerance. Herein, a unique design strategy using γ-valerolactone-based electrolyte and nanocarbon-coated aluminum substrate was reported to solve the above problems.

Scanning inverse spin Hall effect spectrometer by shorted coaxial probes.

In this work, a scanning inverse spin Hall effect measurement system based on a shorted coaxial resonator has been built, which provides a high throughput method to characterize spin transport properties. The system is capable of performing spin pumping measurements on patterned samples within an area of 100 × 100 mm. Its capability was demonstrated with Py/Ta bilayer stripes deposited on the same substrate with different thicknesses of Ta.

Research Progress of Polysaccharide-Based Natural Polymer Hydrogels in Water Purification.

The pollution and scarcity of freshwater resources are global problems that have a significant influence on human life. It is very important to remove harmful substances in the water to realize the recycling of water resources. Hydrogels have recently attracted attention due to their special three-dimensional network structure, large surface area, and pores, which show great potential for the removal of pollutants in water.