Critical role of niche S100A8 for acute myeloid leukemia progression and hematopoiesis regeneration.

The role of inflammation in the regulation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and stressed hematopoiesis is significant, though the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we found that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) had dysregulated expression of the inflammatory cytokine S100A8 in AML. Upregulating S100A8 in MSCs increased the proliferation of AML cells in vitro.

Topology in Thermal, Particle, and Plasma Diffusion Metamaterials.

Diffusion is a fundamental process in the transfer of mass and energy. Diffusion metamaterials, a class of engineered materials with distinctive properties, enable precise control and manipulation of diffusion processes. Meanwhile, topology, a branch of mathematics, has attracted growing interest within the condensed matter physics community.

Engineering of Core-Shell Pd/SSZ-13@AlO Zeolite: Unlocking Superior NO Adsorption and Chemical Durability.

Pd-zeolites are promising passive NO adsorber (PNA) materials for mitigating cold-start emissions from lean-burn engines. However, their practical deployment is constrained by insufficient densities and dispersion of isolated Pd active sites as well as their susceptibility to hydrothermal degradation and phosphorus poisoning encountered in vehicle exhaust environments. Herein, we develop a rationally engineered core-shell Pd/SSZ-13@AlO composite, featuring a Pd/SSZ-13 core encapsulated within a mesoporous AlO shell.

Stimuli-Responsive Luminescent Properties of Dinuclear Cu(I) Complexes Regulated by Hydrogen-Bonding Donors.

The selection of hydrogen-bonding donors is crucial for the development of stimuli-responsive luminescent materials that rely on weak hydrogen-bonding interactions. In this study, we report two novel dinuclear Cu(I) complexes, [Cu(μ-η(,),η(,)-dpa)(μ-dppm)](ClO) () and [Cu(μ-η(,),η(,)-dpa)(μ-dppa)](ClO)·2CHCOCH (), which differ in their diphosphine linkers (CH in dppm vs NH in dppa). X-ray crystallography reveals weak CH···O hydrogen bonds between dppm-CH and perchlorate-O in and weak NH···O interactions between dppa-NH and acetone-O in .

Analysis by ESR of quartz in tephric sedimentary sequence at Kamiyoshida, Rokunohe, Aomori, Japan, indicating temporal variation during 20-100 ka of eolian dust from China.

Purpose: The number of oxygen vacancies in quartz measured by electron spin resonance (ESR) as the intensity of the E' center has been used to investigate the provenance of the sediments and has been found to be a good proxy in discussing the direction and intensity of the wind system in the past. While its temporal variations have been examined using marine sediments. The present study aimed to show that terrestrial sediments are also useful for such studies on climate change when it is continuous.

A solid-state battery capable of 180 C superfast charging and 100% energy retention at -30 °C.

Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are being extensively researched as replacements for liquid electrolytes in future batteries. Despite significant advancements, there are still challenges in using SSEs, particularly in extreme conditions. This study presents a hydrated metal-organic ionic cocrystal (HMIC) solid-state ion conductor with a solvent-assisted ion transport mechanism suitable for extreme operating conditions.

Muricholic acid mediates puberty initiation via the hypothalamic TGR5 signaling pathway.

The onset of puberty is increasingly observed at earlier ages in children, especially in girls with obesity, a trend that predisposes them to long-term metabolic and reproductive disorders in adulthood. Bile acids have emerged as pivotal signaling molecules in both metabolic and reproductive disorders, but remain unexplored in the early onset of puberty in children. Herein, we find elevated levels of muricholic acid (MCA) species in the serum of girls with central precocious puberty, which strongly correlate with indices of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activation and can reach peak levels during puberty among healthy children.

Single-cell transcriptome combined with genetic tracing reveals a roadmap of fibrosis formation during proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Ocular fibrosis, a severe consequence of excessive retinal wound healing, can lead to vision loss following retinal injury. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), a common form of ocular fibrosis, is a major cause of blindness, characterized by the formation of extensive fibrous proliferative membranes. Understanding the cellular origins of PVR-associated fibroblasts (PAFs) is essential to decipher the mechanisms of ocular wound healing.

Cooling outweighs warming across phenological transitions in the Northern Hemisphere.

Vegetation phenology, i.e., seasonal biological events such as leaf-out and leaf-fall, regulates local climate through biophysical processes like evapotranspiration (ET) and albedo.

Microglia contribute to bipolar depression through Serinc2-dependent phospholipid synthesis.

Although clinical research has revealed microglia-related inflammatory and immune responses in bipolar disorder (BD) patient brains, it remains unclear how microglia contribute to the pathogenesis of BD. Here, we demonstrated that Serinc2 is associated with susceptibility to BD and showed a reduced expression in BDII patient plasma, which correlated with the disease severity. Using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models of sporadic and familial BDII patients, we found that Serinc2 expression showed deficits in iPSC-derived microglia-like cells, resulting in decreased synaptic pruning.

E76K Mutation Promotes SHP2 Activation by Rewiring Allosteric Networks That Drives Conformational Transitions.

The E76K mutation in protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) SHP2 is a recurrent driver of developmental disorders and cancers, yet the mechanism by which this single-site substitution promotes persistent activation remains elusive. Here, we combine path-based conformational sampling, unbiased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, Markov state models (MSMs), and neural relational inference (NRI) to elucidate how E76K reshapes the activation landscape and regulatory architecture of SHP2. Using a minimum-action trajectory derived from experimentally determined closed and open structures, we generated representative transition intermediates to guide the unbiased MD simulations.

Hydrogen-Bond-Directed Chirality Transfer in Helical Polyacetylene-Perovskite-PDMS Elastomeric Films for Stretching-Tunable Multicolor Circularly Polarized Luminescence.

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has emerged as a critical technology for anticounterfeiting and optical display applications due to its unique chiroptical properties. We report a multicolor CPL-emitting elastomeric film (P37/PSK@SiO-PDMS) that synergistically combines chiral helical polyacetylene (P37) and a surface-engineered perovskite (PSK@SiO) through hydrogen-bond-directed assembly. Confinement within the PDMS matrix drives P37 to self-assemble into a chiral supramolecular structure through hydrogen bonding, inducing a chiroptical inversion.

Tailoring Active Sites in Amorphous NiFe-MOFs through Pyridine Ligand Coordination for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Performance.

The development of high-performance, cost-effective non-noble metal catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical to advancing sustainable hydrogen production via water electrolysis. Herein, we report a facile and mild strategy for synthesizing amorphous bimetallic organic framework materials (NiFe-MOFs) using pyridine-modified threonine (l-PyThr) as an organic ligand. The optimized NiFe-PyThr-4:1 catalyst exhibits remarkable OER activity, requiring low overpotentials of only 162 and 222 mV to achieve current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm, respectively, along with a small Tafel slope of 34.

Leveraging dietary fiber's natural physiology: from dietary insights to nanoscale IBD intervention.

The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is rising worldwide. Among various potential contributors, low dietary fiber (DF) diet habit stands out as a substantial factor in this accelerating trend. Conversely, DF supplementation inhibits the manifestation of IBD pathology and promotes inflammatory remission.

Sec10 suppresses antiviral innate immune response by facilitating STUB1-mediated STAT1 degradation.

The exocyst complex is a heterooctameric protein complex, the individual components of the complex are thought to act on specific biological processes. However, the role of Sec10, the central subunit of the complex, in host defense and viral replication remains unclear. Here, we reported that Sec10 significantly impairs the activation of JAK-STAT signal pathway of type I IFN (IFN-I) response against both DNA- and RNA-viruses, and promotes viral replication, respectively.

Impact of stress and coping strategies on quality of life in hematological malignancies: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: While perceived stress and coping strategies have been established as significant determinants of quality of life (QoL) in patients with solid malignancies, their impact on hematological malignancy population have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine how perceived stress and medical coping strategies interact with sociodemographic factors to influence QoL in patients with hematologic malignancies.

Methods: The study, involving 185 hematologic cancer patients in China, was conducted between August 2024 and December 2024.

SeqFusionNet: A hybrid model for sequence-aware and globally integrated acoustic representation.

Animals communicate information primarily via their calls, and directly using their vocalizations proves essential for executing species conservation and tracking biodiversity. Conventional visual approaches are frequently limited by distance and surroundings, while call-based monitoring concentrates solely on the animals themselves, proving more effective and straightforward than visual techniques. This paper introduces an animal sound classification model named SeqFusionNet, integrating the sequential encoding of Transformer with the global perception of MLP to achieve robust global feature extraction.

N460S in PB2 and I163T in nucleoprotein synergistically enhance the viral replication and pathogenicity of influenza B virus.

Influenza B viruses (IBVs), though often overshadowed by influenza A viruses (IAVs), remain a significant global public health concern, particularly during seasons when they predominate. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying IBV pathogenicity remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified two amino acid substitutions, PB2-N460S and NP-I163T, from IBV clinical isolates with distinct replication and pathogenicity profiles.

Hazards in the port system and their impact on safety performance: an empirical study of the hazard management system of the Tianjin Port Group.

This study investigates how sustained governance of hidden hazards influences safety performance in port systems, using data from 54 production and key non-production enterprises within the Tianjin Port Group. Employing correlation analysis, regression modeling and mediation-moderation analysis, the study finds that both systematic hazard governance and standardized safety management significantly improve safety outcomes. Basic management-level governance directly reduces the frequency of incidents, while site-level governance enhances safety performance indirectly by promoting standardization.

Identification and antiviral mechanism of a novel chicken-derived interferon-related antiviral protein targeting PRDX1.

In this study, we identified a new chicken-specific protein, named chicken interferon-related antiviral protein (chIRAP) after sequence analysis and comparison, which inhibited the proliferation of various viruses including influenza A virus (IAV) and Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in vitro, and chicken embryos with high expression of chIRAP reduced IAV infection. Mass spectrometry analysis of chIRAP interacting proteins and screening of interacting proteins affecting the function of chIRAP revealed that the deletion of endogenous chicken peroxiredoxin 1 (chPRDX1) significantly reduced the antiviral effect of chIRAP. In order to clarify the functional site of chPRDX1 affecting the antiviral effect of chIRAP, we constructed the point mutants of chPRDX1 based on the results of molecular docking (D79A, T90A, K93A, Q94A, R110A, R123A), and screened the sites affecting the antiviral effects of chIRAP by knockdown of endogenous chPRDX1 combined with the overexpression mutant strategy, the results showed that the mutations in the sites affected the antiviral effects of chIRAP to different degrees, with D79A being the most significant, and the D79A mutation of chPRDX1 reduces the ability of chPRDX1 to regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Direct Etching Silicon Carbide Via Electro-Enhanced Catalytic Reactions.

We report an electro-enhanced catalytic etching approach for direct atomic-level patterning of single-crystal 4H-SiC (0001) surfaces. The process utilizes platinum-coated probes under a negative sample bias, which enhances catalytic reactions and promotes etching of SiC without additional mechanical load. Unlike traditional etching approaches that rely on hazardous chemicals such as hydrofluoric acid, this approach operates under ambient conditions, offering improved safety and environmental compatibility.

Improvement of mask R-CNN and deep learning for defect detection and segmentation in electronic products.

With the rapid development of industrial automation and intelligent manufacturing, defect detection of electronic products has become crucial in the production process. Traditional defect detection methods often face the problems of insufficient accuracy and inefficiency when dealing with complex backgrounds, tiny defects, and multiple defect types. To overcome these problems, this paper proposes Y-MaskNet, a multi-task joint learning framework based on YOLOv5 and Mask R-CNN, which aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of defect detection and segmentation in electronic products.

Discovery and mechanistic insights of dibenzoylmethane as a broad spectrum inhibitor of coronavirus.

Coronavirus, a large family of positive-sense RNA viruses, are responsible for both mild and severe respiratory illnesses, ranging from the common cold to life-threatening conditions. Despite significant advances in vaccine and antiviral development, the high mutability of human coronaviruses (HCoVs), such as SARS-CoV-2, presents a major challenge in treating these infections. Effective, broad-spectrum antiviral drugs are urgently needed to address both current and future HCoV outbreaks.