Molecular mechanisms of the Suting Pill in the treatment of asthma: A study based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Background: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by complex etiology and marked heterogeneity. It is one of the most prevalent chronic airway conditions in children, with increasing prevalence in recent years. The Suting Pill (STP), a traditional Chinese medicine for childhood asthma, has an unclear mechanism.

Recurrent cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma of the uterus: A case report.

Rationale: Cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma (CDL) is an exceptionally rare and morphologically unusual benign uterine leiomyoma. Its malignant-mimicking radiographic and intraoperative features pose a significant diagnostic challenge, often leading to misinterpretation and potentially overtreatment. This case is reported for its rarity and to highlight the critical importance of pathological recognition.

Exploring multiple myeloma pathobiology and immune cell signatures: Evidence from bidirectional genetic analysis.

The causal relationship between immune cell signatures and multiple myeloma (MM) pathobiology remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to explore the bidirectional causal associations between 731 circulating immune cell traits and MM risk using a two-sample, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Two-sample MR analyses were conducted utilizing genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for 731 immune cell phenotypes and MM GWAS datasets.

Integrating network pharmacology, bioinformatics and molecular docking to explore the anti-NSCLC mechanisms of EGCG in green tea.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the predominant bioactive compound in green tea, has shown promise in lung cancer treatment; however, its molecular targets and antitumor mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the therapeutic potential of EGCG against non-small cell lung (NSCLC) was evaluated, core targets were prioritized via network pharmacology, and molecular docking were employed to decipher the potential mechanism of action. Using bioinformatics, molecular docking, and functional enrichment analyses, 224 NSCLC-related targets were identified, with TP53, STAT3, AKT1, IL6, HSP90AA1, and JUN emerging as central hubs.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease and risk of laryngeal cancer: A Mendelian randomization study.

While observational studies have identified associations between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and laryngeal cancer (LC), the causal direction remains undetermined. This study employed a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach complemented by meta-analysis to investigate potential causal relationships between GERD and LC. Analysis leveraged publicly accessible genome-wide association study resources.

Oral Chinese patent medicine combined with transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: This network meta-analysis (NMA) aims to compare the relative efficacy of oral Chinese patent medicine combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Weipu, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), were accessed from inception to the present to collect randomized controlled trials of different oral Chinese patent medicines (OCPMs). Objective response rate, 1-year survival rate, lymphocytes, nausea and vomiting were used as efficacy or tolerability outcomes.

The degree of vascular calcification affects endovascular recanalization in chronic intracranial and extracranial large artery occlusion: A retrospective study.

Chronic cerebral artery occlusion is an important cause of cerebral ischemic events. Endovascular recanalization is an effective treatment for this condition, but its success depends on appropriate patient selection and assessment. This is a retrospective study that collected patients with chronic cerebral artery occlusion who underwent endovascular recanalization to determine how imaging features from computed tomography angiography - including the extent of internal carotid artery occlusion, the number of calcified vessels, and the degree of calcification in the occluded vessels - affect the success rate of recanalization.

A multivariate analysis of the impact of HIV infection on the risk of osteoporosis based on the NHANES database.

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone density and increased fracture risk. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is considered one of the independent risk factors for osteoporosis, but its specific mechanisms are not yet clear. This study aims to explore the relationship between HIV infection and osteoporosis based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database and to analyze the impact of related clinical factors on bone density.

Using Policy Learning to Inform Health Insurance Targeting: A Case Study of Indonesia.

This paper demonstrates how optimal policy learning can inform the targeted allocation of Indonesia's two subsidized health insurance programmes. Using national survey data, we develop policy rules aimed at minimizing "catastrophic health expenditure" among enrollees of APBD or APBN, the two government-funded schemes. Employing a super learner ensemble approach, we use regression and machine learning methods of varying complexity to estimate conditional average treatment effects and construct policy rules to optimize program benefits, both with and without budget constraints.

Malaria amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Gabon: an application of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models within an interrupted time series (ITS) framework to hospital-based data.

Background: Coinciding with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, malaria cases and malaria-related deaths increased globally between 2020 and 2022. However, evidence linking the pandemic to increased malaria burden remains ambiguous. We assessed the extent to which an observed malaria resurgence in Lambaréné, Gabon, can be associated with pandemic-related disruptions in malaria control programmes.

Highlights from the Manifesto on the Health Economics of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributor to the health and economic burden of disease globally. In this paper we discuss the literature on the health economics of the prevention and early intervention in CVD. We reveal the large economic impact of CVD and provide the economic argument supporting the calls for early detection and diagnosis of CVD outlined in the Global Heart Hub's patient-led Manifesto for Change.

Factors associated with early response to efgartigimod in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis: a multicenter retrospective observational study.

Background And Purpose: Efgartigimod has demonstrated efficacy in generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) in both clinical trials and real-world studies. However, factors influencing early response have been less reported. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of efgartigimod in a multicenter gMG cohort and to identify the clinical factors associated with early therapeutic response.

Epidemiological and phylogenetic characteristics of human metapneumovirus in Beijing, China, 2014-2024.

In November 2024, there was an unusual surge in human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection cases in Beijing. We performed an epidemiological investigation among cases with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI). We enrolled ARTI cases from 35 sentinel hospitals, collected samples and medical records, conducted comprehensive pathogen testing, sequenced target genes or whole genomes, and performed phylogenetic analysis.

Efficacy and safety of guselkumab in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Guselkumab is effective in treating moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis; however, data from randomized controlled trials in the Chinese population are limited. This study evaluated and verified the efficacy and safety profile of guselkumab in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.

Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 4 study.

[Primary lymphomas in urinary bladder: a clinicopathological analysis of 23 cases].

To investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of primary bladder lymphoma. A retrospective study was conducted on 23 cases of primary bladder lymphoma diagnosed at Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University between February 2010 and April 2024. The clinicopathological data were collected and analyzed, and literature was reviewed.

[Research progress on pathologic myopic macular atrophy].

Pathological myopia is one of the primary causes of irreversible visual loss in the population. Myopic maculopathy represents a key feature of pathological myopia, among which macular atrophy is the main contributor to severe visual impairment. The specific mechanism underlying the development of macular atrophy remains unclear.

[Two cases of anterior chamber displacement after XEN gel stent implantation].

Two patients (a 7-year-old female and a 61-year-old male) had poor intraocular pressure control after XEN gel stent implantation. During the process of filtering bleb repair, the XEN gel implant retreated into the anterior chamber, and the limbal and corneal incisions were made. After the implant in the anterior chamber was taken out, it was implanted into the anterior chamber again from the original scleral tunnel for the female patient, while it was re-punctured into the anterior chamber with a 1-ml syringe needle at another site for the male patient.

[Focusing on the selection of surgical approaches for open-angle glaucoma].

The rise of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) has brought new options to glaucoma treatment. However, there are significant differences between MIGS and traditional trabeculectomy in terms of surgical philosophy, applicable populations, and long-term efficacy. As a classic procedure, trabeculectomy achieves a well-documented intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect but is associated with a higher risk of complications.

N-acetyl cysteine for the treatment of alcohol use disorder: study protocol for a multi-site, double-blind randomised controlled trial (NAC-AUD study).

Introduction: Current treatments for alcohol use disorders (AUD) have limited efficacy. A previous 28-day pilot trial of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) vs placebo found NAC to be feasible and safe, with evidence of improvement on some measures of alcohol consumption. Thus, the primary aim of the NAC-AUD study is to examine the therapeutic and cost-effectiveness of NAC vs placebo in improving treatment outcomes for AUD.

Intra-arterial human serum albumin therapy following mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: the AMASS pilot trial.

Background: Despite successful mechanical thrombectomy (MT), approximately 50% of patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke experience poor outcomes due to reperfusion injury. Intra-arterial infusion of human serum albumin (HSA) may offer neuroprotective benefits; however, its safety and feasibility have not been established when delivered via the internal carotid artery. In this study we aimed to evaluate the safety and technical feasibility of HSA infusion through the guiding catheter placed during MT in patients with anterior circulation LVO stroke following successful reperfusion.

Navigating treatment decisions for CLTI in older adults: Primary amputation vs revascularization.

As the world's elderly population continues to grow, the proportion of people living with chronic medical conditions is also increasing. Cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis are among the most common, and as a result peripheral artery disease (PAD) is increasingly prevalent in this population. It is estimated that 15% to 20% of the elderly population has been diagnosed with PAD, and consequentially there is also a large proportion who have progressed to chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI).

Triptolide alleviates pathological neovascularisation in oxygen-induced retinopathy via inhibiting the inflammation mediated by NF-κB pathway.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), triggers a series of vascular lesions and inflammatory responses and results in visual impairment or even blindness. Triptolide (TP) possesses many pharmacological properties, including immunosuppressive and anti-tumour effects. However, the effects of TP on ROP and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Identification of α-Azacyclic Acetamide-Based Inhibitors of Na Pump (ATP4) with Fast-Killing Asexual Blood-Stage Antimalarial Activity by Phenotypic Screening.

Malaria treatments are compromised by drug resistance, creating an urgent need to discover new drugs. We used a phenotypic high-throughput screening (HTS) platform to identify new antimalarials, uncovering three related pyrrole-, indole-, and indoline-based series with a shared α-azacyclic acetamide core. These compounds showed fast-killing activity on asexual blood-stage parasites, were not cytotoxic, and disrupted parasite intracellular pH and Na regulation similarly to cipargamin (KAE609), a clinically advanced inhibitor of the Na pump (ATP4).