Prevalence and magnitude of perceived dual-task difficulties in people with multiple sclerosis: an international study.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and magnitude of dual-task (DT) difficulties and the discriminative ability of three questionnaires evaluating perceived DT difficulties: the Dual-Tasking Questionnaire (DTQ), Dual-Task Screening-List (DTSL), and Dual-Task-Impact on Daily-life Activities Questionnaire (DIDA-Q).

Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional study SETTING: Persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and healthy controls (HC) were recruited from 7 multiple sclerosis centers across 6 countries (Belgium, Chile, Italy, Israel, Spain, and Turkey).

Participants: A total of 540 participants: 175 with mild disability (mean EDSS: 2.

Flexible and Stable Cycle-by-Cycle Phase-Locked Deep Brain Stimulation System Targeting Brain Oscillations in the Management of Movement Disorders.

Background: Precisely timed brain stimulation, such as phase-locked deep brain stimulation (PLDBS), offers a promising approach to modulating dysfunctional neural networks by enhancing or suppressing specific oscillations. However, its clinical application has been hindered by the lack of user-friendly systems and the challenge of real-time phase estimation amid stimulation artifacts.

Material And Method: In this work, we developed a clinically translatable PLDBS framework that enables real-time, cycle-by-cycle stimulation using standard amplifiers and a computer-in-the-loop system.

Analysis of the diagnostic value of pre-event intracardiac electrogram (pre-EGM) storage function in cardiac electronic implantable devices for arrhythmia diagnosis.

Background And Aims: Previous cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) automatically monitored, diagnosed, and stored atrial or ventricular tachyarrhythmias as intracardiac electrograms (EGMs). Abbott's new-generation CIEDs offer pre-event EGM storage (Pre-EGM), recording cardiac electrical activity before arrhythmic events. This study determines whether Pre-EGM provides additional diagnostic information for arrhythmic events.

Quality of life in patients with euthymic bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies.

Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric condition associated with significant impairments in quality of life (QoL). Although relevant studies have been conducted, findings on QoL among euthymic BD patients have been inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify QoL impairments across different domains in euthymic BD patients compared to healthy controls and examine potential moderators.

De-MSI: A Deep Learning-Based Data Denoising Method to Enhance Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Leveraging the Chemical Prior Knowledge.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a label-free technique that enables the visualization of the spatial distribution of thousands of ions within biosamples. Data denoising is the computational strategy aimed at enhancing the MSI data quality, providing an effective alternative to experimental methods. However, due to the complex noise pattern inherent in MSI data and the difficulty in obtaining ground truth from noise-free data, achieving reliable denoised images remains challenging.

Inter-modality feature prediction through multimodal fusion for 3D shape defect detection.

3D shape defect detection plays an important role in autonomous industrial inspection. However, accurate detection of anomalies remains challenging due to the complexity of multimodal sensor data, especially when both color and structural information are required. In this work, we propose a lightweight inter-modality feature prediction framework that effectively utilizes multimodal fused features from the inputs of RGB, depth and point clouds for efficient 3D shape defect detection.

Evaluating the Effect of a Molecular Point-of-Care Test on Acute Respiratory Infections in General Practice: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial.

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are frequent reasons for medical consultations in general practice and can lead to unnecessary recontacts. Introducing new point-of-care (POC) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic equipment may offer an attractive and efficient way of providing a more precise and exact microbial diagnosis. Successful uptake of POC PCR equipment could potentially lead to a reduction in recontacts with benefits for both staff and patients.

Pay-It-Forward 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccination Among Older Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine reduces the risk of pneumonia among adults by 38% to 46%. However, only a few older adults in resource-limited areas of China have received the pneumococcal vaccination. Pay-it-forward is a social innovation that offers participants free or subsidized health services and a community-engaged message, with an opportunity to donate to support subsequent recipients.

Seven candidate interventions to address abuse of older people.

The Abuse of Older People - Intervention Accelerator (AOP-IA) project aims to accelerate the development of effective interventions to prevent and reduce AOP aged 60 and older within the framework of the United Nations Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021-2030). The AOP-IA was launched in response to the global need for interventions with proven effectiveness, as few existing approaches have been rigorously evaluated. This paper focuses on the first two phases of the AOP-IA project, which involved conducting a systematic search, screening and evaluation process to identify candidate interventions ready to be rigorously evaluated in future stages of the project, as well as establishing a network of intervention developers.

Reimagining Acute Diabetes Care: Insights From the Victorian Virtual Emergency Department.

Objective: New approaches to diabetes care are needed to better identify and manage diabetes emergencies outside of hospitals.

Research Design And Methods: A descriptive analysis of routinely collected data was conducted using data from the Victorian Virtual Emergency Department (VVED) Diabetes, a telehealth service that provides emergency care, including ketone testing by ambulance personnel, for patients across Victoria, Australia, experiencing non-life-threatening diabetes-related emergencies.

Results: Between July and December 2024, VVED Diabetes managed 868 diabetes-related emergencies, with 82.

Oxygenation Targets and Long-Term Cognitive and Pulmonary Functions in Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure.

Rationale: In intensive care unit (ICU) patients lower oxygenation targets may impair long-term cognitive function, while higher targets may impair long-term pulmonary function.

Objectives: To assess the effects of a partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO) target of 60 vs 90 mmHg on one-year cognitive and pulmonary functions in ICU survivors of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Methods: 3654 patients were randomized in the Handling Oxygenation Targets in the ICU and the Handling Oxygenation Targets in COVID-19 trials: 1916 (52.

"Colorectal Cancer Care Quality in a Developing Country: Insights from a Comparison of Teaching and Non-teaching Hospitals in Iran".

Background: Our study represents the first effort in the Eastern Mediterranean Region to identify disparities in the quality of colorectal cancer (CRC) care in Iran.

Methods: We established a collaborative registry program for non-metastatic CRC patients to evaluate survival rates between teaching cancer centers (TCCs) and a high-volume, non-teaching, non-cancer center (NTNC). The study included a diverse patient population and considered various factors such as cancer stage, margin involvement, adherence to guidelines for adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatments, emergency surgeries, socioeconomic status, and risk of surgery.

Short-term costs and cost-efficiency of HPV triage strategies in a high HIV-prevalence setting: Evidence from Botswana.

Cervical cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death among women in sub-Saharan Africa and is more severe in high HIV-burdened countries due to persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV). In 2021, the World Health Organization recommended primary hrHPV testing for cervical cancer screening; however, optimal triage strategies following positive hrHPV tests remain unclear. We conducted a prospective cost analysis of triage methods for positive hrHPV results among women living with and without HIV in Gaborone, Botswana.

Cost-effectiveness of oil and milk fortification by scale for reducing Vitamin A and Vitamin D deficiency in India.

Background: Although broad-scale data might suggest low prevalence, millions of children in India still suffer from Vitamin A and Vitamin D deficiencies despite India's existing guidelines for Vitamin A deficiency. To address the issue, the Government of India has recommended fortification of oil and milk to improve Vitamin A and Vitamin D consumption. However, there is limited information on the health benefits and cost-effectiveness of fortifying oil and milk at scale.

Global burden of head and neck cancer from 1990 to 2021: A comprehensive analysis and projections to 2030 based on the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a significant global health concern with rising incidence and mortality in certain regions. This study aimed to evaluate the global burden and temporal trends of HNC from 1990 to 2021 and to project its future burden through 2030.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study.

A Safe, Effective, and Economical Protocol for Rabbit Vertebral Screw Insertion.

Posterior lumbar screw fixation is the most common surgical method for lumbar disc herniation, but patients often face multiple complications postoperatively. The occurrence of screw track loosening can lead to fusion failure and even life-threatening screw track extrusion. However, there is currently a lack of animal models specifically targeting changes in the screw track following lumbar screw fixation.

Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy for the Treatment of Anastomotic Leakage after Total Gastrectomy with Esophagojejunostomy.

Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) offers an effective alternative for the treatment of anastomotic leakage. Current treatment options for leakage include conservative treatment, stent placement, or reoperation. However, conservative treatment often results in slow recovery and is frequently ineffective in severe cases.

Using Theory-Based Frameworks to Identify Barriers and Enablers of Physicians' Telemedicine Adoption and Develop Intervention Strategies in China: Multicenter Qualitative Study.

Background: Telemedicine is developing rapidly, presenting new opportunities and challenges for physicians and patients. Limited research has examined physicians' behavior during the process of adopting telemedicine and related factors.

Objective: This study aimed to identify perceived barriers and enablers of physicians' adoption of telemedicine and to develop intervention strategies.

Gadolinium-Enhanced Aneurysm Wall Imaging and Risk of Intracranial Aneurysm Growth or Rupture.

Importance: Recent longitudinal studies in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) suggested that aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predicts growth and rupture. However, because these studies were limited by small sample size and short follow-up duration, it remains unclear whether this radiological biomarker has predictive value for UIA instability.

Objective: To determine the 4-year risk of instability of UIAs with AWE and investigate whether AWE is an independent predictor of UIA instability.

Cost-Effectiveness of In-Bed Cycling and Routine Physiotherapy for Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation.

Importance: The cost-effectiveness of adding early in-bed cycling to usual physiotherapy among adults receiving mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) compared with usual physiotherapy alone is unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of in-bed cycling plus usual physiotherapy compared with usual therapy alone in the Critical Care Cycling to Improve Lower Extremity Strength (CYCLE) randomized clinical trial.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This trial-based economic evaluation with a 90-day time horizon compared early cycling plus usual physiotherapy vs usual physiotherapy alone from a societal perspective.

State-Level Variation in and Barriers to Medicaid Abortion Coverage.

Importance: Approximately 35% of individuals seeking abortion care use Medicaid for health insurance. Although the Hyde Amendment restricts use of federal funds for most abortions, states can supplement coverage using state funds. Understanding the scope of abortion coverage across states and potential barriers to access may help address health care inequities and inform interventions.

Association of work-family conflict with turnover intention among hospital ophthalmologists in Japan: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: To examine the associations between work-family conflict, implicit gender bias, and turnover intention among hospital ophthalmologists.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: We conducted a web-based questionnaire survey between January and February 2024.