Inappropriate dosing of direct oral anticoagulants among very older inpatients with atrial fibrillation.

Among very older patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), the frequency of inappropriate direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) dosing, associated factors, and temporal trends in practice are unknown.This retrospective study included consecutive inpatients aged 80 years or older with a discharge diagnosis of atrial fibrillation who were prescribed DOACs at discharge from Beijing Hospital between January 2018 and August 2023. Patients were stratified into underdosed, overdosed, or recommended dosing groups.

Cardiorenal protection with dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a registry cross-sectional study.

Importance: Although sodium‒glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have cardiorenal benefits, their efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains underexplored.

Objective: To evaluate the cardiorenal protective effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in patients with T2DM and CCS receiving PCI.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a cross-sectional analysis of 1,430 patients from a tertiary hospital database who underwent PCI (January 1, 2018, to March 31, 2022).

Acid-resistant chemotactic DNA micromotors for probiotic delivery in inflammatory bowel disease.

Microcapsules composed of synthetic polymeric matrices have attracted considerable attention in delivering oral probiotics. However, existing polymeric microcapsules demonstrate inadequate acid resistance and adaptability, as well as deficiency in the inflamed colon-specificity and uncontrolled release of probiotics therein. Herein, a DNA microcapsule is prepared as a probiotic-transporting micromotor through photo-crosslinking of hyaluronic acid methacrylate and acrydite-modified A-/C-rich oligomers within the microfludically generated droplets in the presence of nitric oxide-cleavable crosslinker and gas donor manganese carbonyl (MnCO).

Circularized Supramolecular Spherical Nucleic Acids Alleviates Liver Fibrosis through Blocking Upstream Activation and Reversing Activation State of Hepatic Stellate Cells.

Inhibition of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and reversal of its activation state represent two distinct yet complementary strategies in antifibrotic therapy. While synergy of those two strategies is anticipated to improve the therapeutic outcomes, synergism through nanomedicine remains elusive. Herein, we report a circular spherical nucleic acid (cSNA) with a supramolecular core comprising collagenase I and ML-290 and a surface attached with circular PDGF-BB aptamer instead of the stereotypical linear counterpart.

Real-world efficacy and safety of azvudine in hospitalized older patients with COVID-19 during the omicron wave in China: A retrospective cohort study.

Debates persist regarding the efficacy and safety of azvudine, particularly its real-world outcomes. This study involved patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to 25 hospitals in mainland China with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 1, 2022, and February 28, 2023. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality during hospitalization, the proportion of patients discharged with recovery, time to nucleic acid-negative conversion ( ), time to symptom improvement ( ), and time of hospital stay ( ).

Neurturin-induced activation of GFRA2-RET axis potentiates pancreatic cancer glycolysis via phosphorylated hexokinase 2.

Pancreatic cancer, characterized by its insidious onset, high invasiveness, resistance to chemotherapy, and a grim prognosis, with a five-year survival rate hovering below 10 %. The identification of novel therapeutic targets addressing tumor progression is therefore critically important. While perineural invasion (PNI) is recognized as a pathological hallmark and key driver of pancreatic cancer progression, its role in metabolic reprogramming of malignant cells has not been fully elucidated.

Prescribing rate, healthcare utilization, and expenditure of older adults using potentially inappropriate medications in China: A nationwide cross-sectional study.

Background: The use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) is a major concern for medication safety as it may entail more harm than potential benefits for older adults. This study aimed to explore the prescribing rate, healthcare utilization, and expenditure of older adults using PIMs in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using a national representative database of all medical insurance beneficiaries across China, extracting ambulatory visit records of adults aged 65 years and above between 2015 and 2017.

Short-Term Efficacy of LCBDE+LC Versus ERCP/EST+LC in the Treatment of Cholelithiasis Combined with Common Bile Duct Stones: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Minimally invasive treatments for cholelithiasis have gained popularity. The complexity of diagnosing and treating choledocholithiasis offers multiple surgical options, including laparoscopic common bile duct exploration plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCBDE+LC) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and/or endoscopic sphincterotomy plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ERCP/EST+LC). To compare outcomes in patients with typical signs, symptoms, laboratory, and imaging features of cholelithiasis combined with common bile duct stones, we retrospectively analyzed the short-term outcomes of LCBDE+LC and ERCP/EST+LC.

Association between triglyceride-glucose index and in-hospital all-cause mortality under different glucose metabolism status among patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: This current study aimed to investigate the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and in-hospital all-cause mortality of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with different glucose metabolic statuses.

Methods: Participants were divided into three groups according to tertiles of the TyG index. Glucose metabolic status was classified as normal glucose regulation, pre-diabetes mellitus, and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Short-Term Efficacy of Transumbilical Single-Incision Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

With the rising demand for minimally invasive and cosmetically appealing surgeries, transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) has been increasingly adopted, albeit in a limited number of medical centers. Our team has successfully executed transumbilical SILC for benign gallbladder diseases. This study retrospectively analyzed and compared the efficacy of transumbilical SILC with that of conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC).

Impact of Adverse Health Conditions on Clinical Outcomes of Older People with Atrial Fibrillation: Insights from a Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of adverse health conditions, including multimorbidity, frailty, malnutrition, cognitive impairment, and polypharmacy, on clinical outcomes in older people with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Patients And Methods: This prospective cohort study focused on patients aged 65 years and older with AF. They were admitted to the hospital between September 2018 and April 2019 and followed up for 1 year.

Small RNA-regulated expression of efflux pump affects tigecycline resistance and heteroresistance in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Tigecycline and the newly Food and Drug Administration-approved tetracyclines, including eravacycline and omadacycline, are regarded as last-resort treatments for multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales. However, tigecycline resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae has increased, especially the underlying mechanism of heteroresistance is unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying tigecycline resistance and heteroresistance in clinical K.

The feasibility of using pathobiome strains as live biotherapeutic products for human use.

The evaluation of pathobiome strains should be conducted at the strain level, involving the identification of the functional genes, while considering the impact of ecological niche and drug interactions. The safety, efficacy, and quality management of live biotherapeutic products (LBPs), especially pathobiome strains, have certain peculiarities. Promising development methods include the recombinant LBP and active metabolites.

Large-Area Near-Infrared Emission Enhancement on Single Upconversion Nanoparticles by Metal Nanohole Array.

Single lanthanide (Ln) ion doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) exhibit great potential for biomolecule sensing and counting. Plasmonic structures can improve the emission efficiency of single UCNPs by modulating the energy transferring process. Yet, achieving robust and large-area single UCNP emission modulation remains a challenge, which obstructs investigation and application of single UCNPs.

Electromechanical Deformations and Bifurcations in Soft Dielectrics: A Review.

Dielectric elastomers have attracted considerable attention both from academia and industry alike over the last two decades due to their superior mechanical properties. In parallel, research on the mechanical properties of dielectrics has been steadily advancing, including the theoretical, experimental, and numerical aspects. It has been recognized that the electromechanical coupling property of dielectric materials can be utilized to drive deformations in functional devices in a more controllable and intelligent manner.

Thermal Radiation Annealing for Overcoming Processing Temperature Limitation of Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells.

Common polymeric conductive electrodes, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) coated with indium tin oxide, face a major challenge due to their low processing-temperature limits, attributed to PET's low glass transition temperature (Tg) of (70-80 °C). This limitation significantly narrows the scope of material selection, limits the processing techniques applicable to the low Tg, and hinders the ripened technology transfer from glass substrates to them. Addressing the temperature constraints of the flexible substrates is impactful yet underexplored, with broader implications for fields beyond photovoltaics.

Social isolation induces intestinal barrier disorder and imbalances gut microbiota in mice.

Social isolation, a known stressor, can have detrimental effects on both physical and mental health. Recent scientific attention has been drawn to the gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication system between the central nervous system and gut microbiota, suggesting that gut microbes may influence brain function. This study aimed to explore the impact of social isolation on the intestinal barrier and gut microbiota.

Nanomotor-based HS donor with mitochondrial targeting function for treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Reduction of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS) is considered to have an important impact on the progress of Parkinson's disease (PD), thus exogenous HS supplementation is expected to become one of the key means to treat PD. However, at present, it is difficult for HS donors to effectively penetrate the blood brain barrier (BBB), selectively release HS in brain, and effectively target the mitochondria of neuron cells. Herein, we report a kind of nanomotor-based HS donor, which is obtained by free radical polymerization reaction between l-cysteine derivative modified-polyethylene glycol (PEG-Cys) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC).

Ablation of AQP5 gene in mice leads to olfactory dysfunction caused by hyposecretion of Bowman's gland.

Smell detection depends on nasal airflow, which can make absorption of odors to the olfactory epithelium by diffusion through the mucus layer. The odors then act on the chemo-sensitive epithelium of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). Therefore, any pathological changes in the olfactory area, for instance, dry nose caused by Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) may interfere with olfactory function.

Drug-Loaded Zwitterion-Based Nanomotors for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) treatment requires a nanosystem for drug delivery that can effectively penetrate the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB). Herein, we designed poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylgallylcholine) (PMPC)/l-arginine (PMPC/A)-based nanomotors that can release nitric oxide (NO). The nanomotors were loaded with the inducible NO synthase inhibitor 1400W and nerve growth factor (NGF).

Efficacy and safety of consolidation durvalumab after chemoradiation therapy for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of real-world studies.

The current review aimed to pool real-world evidence on the efficacy and toxicity of consolidation durvalumab for stage III unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after curative chemoradiotherapy. PubMed, CENTRAL, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for observational studies reporting the use of durvalumab for NSCLC till 12th April 2022. Twenty-three studies with 4,400 patients were included.

Genetic Factors Influencing Warfarin Dose in Han Chinese Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.

Objective: To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of various genes known to influence mean daily warfarin dose (MDWD) in the Han Chinese population.

Methods: The study is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Selected studies retrieved by searching Pubmed, Embase (Ovid), Medline, CNKI, Wanfang data, and SinoMed (from their inception to 31 August 2022) for the cohort studies assessing genetic variations that may possibly influence MDWD in Chinese patients were included.