Identify key environmental factors and neglected genetic SNPs associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder by two-sample multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder characterized by recurrent, intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. The association between environmental factors and OCD remains incompletely understood.

Methods: We applied two-sample multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis by using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables to analyze the possible associations between environmental factors and OCD.

NtLLG4-mediated unconventional polar exocytosis of NtPPME1 coordinates cell wall rigidity and membrane dynamics to control pollen tube integrity.

Plant fertilization relies on controlled pollen tube growth that integrates membrane dynamics and cell wall expansion. We previously identified an unconventional exocytic pathway wherein Golgi-derived secretory vesicles (GDSVs) bypass the trans-Golgi network to deliver pectin methylesterase 1 (NtPPME1), thereby modulating cell wall rigidity. However, the mechanisms linking this pathway with membrane dynamics and signaling remain elusive.

Datt-AVP: Antiviral Peptide Prediction by Sequence-Based Dual Channel Network With Attention Mechanism.

With the frequent outbreak of viral pandemics, the search for efficient antiviral drugs has become an urgent task. Antiviral peptides (AVPs) have been proven to prevent the infection of host cells by viruses. This study proposes a novel tool called Datt-AVP for AVP prediction based on the peptide sequences.

Hollow Cu/Zn-MOF@Au/Ferrocene Nanoarchitectures: A Universal Leap from Colorimetric to Dual-Mode Colorimetric/Electrochemical Lateral Flow Assays.

Dual-mode lateral flow assays (LFAs) have gained significant attention, yet existing systems predominantly combine optical modalities, leaving hybrid colorimetric-electrochemical configurations underexplored despite their potential to achieve diagnostic synergy and minimize interference. Here, we present a universally compatible, low-cost lateral flow platform leveraging dual-signal nanohybrids for synchronized colorimetric-electrochemical detection. A hierarchically hollow Cu/Zn-metal-organic framework (MOF) bearing carboxyl functional groups was rationally designed to anchor gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in situ for colorimetric signaling, followed by covalent immobilization of aminoferrocene to establish electrochemical signaling.

Dynamic tracking of life cycle carbon emissions in power grids based on a flow network model.

This study introduces a flow network model to dynamically track carbon emissions in power grids, addressing limitations of traditional methods by transforming grids into directed graphs with virtual sink nodes for transmission losses. Using Markov chain-based probabilistic flow analysis, the model allocates emissions from generators to loads and power lines, incorporating life cycle emissions and eliminating matrix inversion. Validated via a 24-hour simulation on the IEEE 30-bus system, results demonstrate significant fluctuations in emission factors driven by renewable generation variability.

Construction and characterization of thiolated chitosan coated TPGSylated nanodiamonds for oral delivery of curcumin.

Low water solubility and poor intestinal permeability hinder the oral absorption of curcumin (CUR). To address this, we designed a core-shell structured nanoparticle based on nanodiamonds (NDs) and thiolated chitosan (TCS). First, D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) covalently modified NDs were prepared and loaded with CUR (CUR@NDs-TPGS).

DUXA regulates the early development of porcine cloned embryos.

Abnormal zygotic genome activation (ZGA) during the early development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos is one of the main reasons for the low cloning efficiency. The double homeobox (DUX) family, which includes important transcription factors in mammals, has been shown to play an important role in the ZGA process in mice. However, the role of DUXA, a member of the DUX family, in the early development of porcine somatic cloned embryos is unknown.

Reducing chalkiness and enhancing quality and yield in hybrid indica rice at the middle panicle position through optimal water and nitrogen management.

Chalkiness considerably impacts rice quality and is influenced by water and fertilizer management. This study investigates the regulatory mechanisms of water and nitrogen management on yield and chalkiness across different panicle positions. Compared to the upper and lower panicle positions, grain yield from the middle panicle position was significantly increased by 8.

Side deep placement of slow-release N as base fertilizer combined with urea as panicle fertilizer increases rice yield by optimizing dry matter and N accumulation and translocation.

Introduction: Side deep fertilization (SDF) technology and slow release N fertilizer offer advantages in enhancing rice yield and N use efficiency. However, the effects of side deep application of slow-release N as base fertilizer, combined with the application of urea at different growth stages, on dry matter accumulation, N uptake, translocation, assimilation, and yield formation in rice remain unclear.

Methods: Therefore, in 2023 and 2024, a field experiment was conducted in Sichuan, China, using the local variety Chuankangyou 6308.

Estimating the longitudinal causal effect of insufficient sleep on depressive symptoms: Evidence from the CHARLS study.

Background: The relationship between sleep and depression has been extensively explored; however, research on the long-term causal effects of chronic sleep insufficiency on depressive symptoms remains limited. This study employs advanced causal inference techniques to assess the longitudinal impact of sleep insufficiency on depressive symptoms, accounting for both time-invariant and time-varying confounders.

Methods: Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analyzed.

Modular Snake-like Robot Designed for On-Site Reconfiguration in Space Exploration.

Research on modular robots for space exploration has primarily focused on reconfiguration, with limited attention given to the maneuverability in space environment, which is essential for harnessing the advantages of reconfiguration. In this paper, a modular snake-like robot (MSR) is designed, which is expected to emulate a snake to navigate complex environments and employ the reconfiguration capability for on-site shape-shifting. To this end, a snake-like motion analysis and planning method is proposed for MSR.

Combined effects of polyamide microplastics and the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus on the immune parameters of Mytilus coruscus.

The thick-shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus, plays a vital role in marine ecosystems but is vulnerable to pollutants. Polyamide microplastics (PA-MPs), such as nylon, can adsorb harmful bacteria like Vibrio parahaemolyticus, posing threats to bivalves and economic risks to aquaculture. In this study, M.

Comparison of hydroxylated flavonoids and their interaction with protein-based carriers.

Flavonoids are essential dietary components found in plants such as fruits, vegetables and tea. The degree of hydroxylation in the molecular structure of flavonoids determines their biological activity and health benefit, especially hydroxylation modifications at specific positions can significantly enhance its bioactivity. However, the vast majority of flavonoids have low water solubility, poor stability, and low bioavailability, making direct application difficult to achieve their original health benefits.

Approximately Invertible Neural Network for Learned Image Compression.

Learned image compression has attracted considerable interests in recent years. An analysis transform and a synthesis transform, which can be regarded as coupled transforms, are used to encode an image to latent feature and decode the feature after quantization to reconstruct the image. Inspired by the success of invertible neural networks in generative modeling, invertible modules can be used to construct the coupled analysis and synthesis transforms.

Cortical plasticity, therapeutic effects, and neural circuit activity of angular gyrus rTMS in amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the neurophysiological mechanisms behind the improvement of cognitive functions through angular gyrus repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) by assessing cortical plasticity, underscoring the predictive value of cortical plasticity for clinical outcomes.

Methods: Twenty-seven aMCI patients were allocated to the intervention and control groups for 4 weeks of 20 Hz rTMS of the angular gyrus. Long-term potentiation (LTP)-like cortical plasticity in the motor M1 area, in conjunction with neuropsychological tests and resting-state brain imaging, was used to investigate the mechanism behind angular gyrus rTMS.

Organic Solar Cell with Efficiency of 20.49% Enabled by Solid Additive and Non-Halogenated Solvent.

Recently, benzene-based solid additives (BSAs) have emerged as pivotal components in modulating the morphology of the blend film in organic solar cells (OSCs). However, since almost all substituents on BSAs are weak electron-withdrawing groups and contain halogen atoms, the study of BSAs with non-halogenated strong electron-withdrawing groups has received little attention. Herein, an additive strategy is proposed, involving the incorporation of non-halogenated strong electron-withdrawing groups on the benzene ring.

Identification and characterization of pigeon adenovirus 1 as an emerging pathogen in pigeons from Northern and Northwest China.

Background: In 2022, a new infectious disease characterized by severe acute hepatitis, sudden death, and high mortality among breeding pigeons, was reported in China.

Results: In naturally infected pigeons, key necropsy findings comprised hepatic swelling with patchy hemorrhage and pericardial effusion. Histopathological examination further revealed degeneration, necrosis, and basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies affecting hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, and vascular endothelial cells.

GPU accelerated internal dose Monte Carlo simulation in 18F-FDG PET imaging.

Estimation of radiation dose from diagnostic or therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals in humans has drawn great interests. A graphics processing units based (GPU-based) positron and photon coupling transport code was developed for rapid calculation of the internal irradiation dose map. PENELOPE random hinge model was used to calculate the multi-scattering problem.

Discovery of specific protein markers in multiple body fluids and their application in forensic science.

Identification of multiple body fluids is crucial for the reconstruction and corroboration of crime event. However, for the body fluids with high component similarities, such as peripheral blood and menstrual blood, reliable distinguishing markers are still lacking. Furthermore, a comprehensive protein marker assay for multiple body fluids is urgently necessary for complex crime events.

miR-214-3p Promotes ox-LDL-Induced Macrophages Ferroptosis and Inflammation via GPX4.

Purpose: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the dysregulation of lipid metabolism. It has been established that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophage inflammation and ferroptosis play important roles in AS. However, the mechanism by which ox-LDL induces inflammation in macrophages requires further investigation.

Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly reveals insights into the adaptive evolution of herbivore-defense mediated by volatile terpenoids in Oenanthe javanica.

Releasing large quantities of volatiles is a defense strategy used by plants to resist herbivore attack. Oenanthe javanica, a perennial herb of the Apiaceae family, has a distinctive aroma due to volatile terpenoid accumulation. At present, the complete genome and genetic characteristics of volatile terpenoids in O.

Socioeconomic developments drove regime shifts of agriculture-ecology-economy nexus of social-ecological system: Four-decade lessons from southeast China.

Urbanization has been recognized as an effective measure to promote socioeconomic development; however, it leads to cropland and habitat loss and aggravates ecosystem services (ESs), which have not been sufficiently and systematically revealed from the perspective of agriculture-ecology-economy nexus (AEEN). To address these knowledge gaps, this novel study adopted a hotspot of urbanization to examine the response dynamics of ESs and agricultural production to urbanization, as well as their regime shifts and interactions, by employing statistical records, satellite images, and incorporating biophysical model-based ESs into AEEN. In the past four decades, Guangdong has undergone rapid urbanization and associated landscape transformations, represented by cropland and wetland shrinkage and urban expansion, particularly around central city clusters, which have caused ESs degradation and grain productivity reduction.

Identification and characterization of anthocyanins' composition and regulatory genes involved in anthocyanins biosynthesis in water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica).

This study showed that anthocyanin was the main pigments related to purple stem and OjUFGT1 is involved in anthocyanin glycosylation in water dropwort. Water dropwort is a kind of aquatic vegetable with many medicinal values. In the study, the green-stem water dropwort 'FQ1H' and purple-stem water dropwort 'Sq013' were selected as plant materials.

Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging analysis of early mild cognitive impairment.

BackgroundEarly mild cognitive impairment (EMCI) represents a prodromal stage of dementia, and early detection is crucial for delaying dementia progression. However, accurately identifying its neuroimaging features remains challenging.ObjectiveTo comprehensively evaluate structural and functional neuroimaging changes in EMCI using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques.

T3DNet: Compressing Point Cloud Models for Lightweight 3-D Recognition.

The 3-D point cloud has been widely used in many mobile application scenarios, including autonomous driving and 3-D sensing on mobile devices. However, existing 3-D point cloud models tend to be large and cumbersome, making them hard to deploy on edged devices due to their high memory requirements and nonreal-time latency. There has been a lack of research on how to compress 3-D point cloud models into lightweight models.