Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Molecular Basis of TTMV::RARA-driven Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia.

Integration of torque teno mini virus (TTMV) generating the TTMV::RARA fusion represents a newly recognized subtype of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) that merits detailed investigation. We present the first comprehensive characterization of its epidemiologic profile, clinical presentation, virologic characteristics, and underlying molecular mechanisms. Our findings indicate that TTMV::RARA is more prevalent in pediatric patients and represents the second most common retinoic acid receptor fusion after PML::RARA.

The role of the classical renin-angiotensin system and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/Ang(1-7)/Mas axis in pulmonary fibrosis.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF), a progressive and fatal disease, is characterized by fibroblast proliferation, excessive extracellular matrix deposition, and collagen synthesis. These pathological changes lead to impaired lung structure and function, ultimately resulting in respiratory failure. Emerging basic and clinical evidence highlight the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) as a critical contributor to PF onset and progression.

Parabacteroides as a promising target for disease intervention: current stage and pending issues.

Parabacteroides, a promising candidate for the next generation of probiotics, plays a significant role in various diseases. In this review, we provide a comprehensive examination of the biological properties of Parabacteroides, summarize its effects on host health and potential associations with diseases, and discuss unresolved scientific questions regarding this genus. Our aim is to offer novel insights for the development of targeted gut microbiota interventions and their translational applications.

CDK2 inhibition sensitizes anthracycline-induced immunogenic cell death and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy.

Introduction: CDK2 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 2) is an oncogenic cyclin-dependent kinase with potent mitogenic and immunosuppressive functions. Despite extensive research on CDK2 inhibitors, the lack of selectivity has made it unclear whether CDK2 inhibition specifically facilitate immunogenic cell death.

Methods: We used CRISPR-Cas9 system to generate MCA205 cells.

Integrated Multiomics Analysis and Machine Learning Approaches in Bladder Cancer: Unveiling the Impact of Immunogenic Cell Death and Its Key Gene SLC2A3 on Prognosis and Personalized Treatment Strategies.

Recently, immunogenic cell death (ICD) has been identified as a regulatory cell death mechanism that induces an adaptive immune response, thereby improving enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy and contributing to improved prognosis in bladder cancer (BLCA). This study established a risk signature based on ICD and identified ICD-related genes as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for BLCA. Thirty-two key ICD-risk genes (IRGs) were screened from correlation and univariate Cox regression analyses.

Identification and validation of ARF6 for a potential prognostic biomarker of acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: The small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is key in cell membrane transport and cytoskeleton remodeling. It has been proven to drive the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors. The subject of this study is to investigate the expression characteristics, prognostic value, and mechanism of action of ARF6 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

A natural flavagline derivative A2073 inhibits the proliferation of erythroleukemia cells by targeting the MAPK, PI3K, NF-κB, and cell cycle pathways.

Background: Acute Erythroid Leukemia (AEL) is a distinct subtype of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), which is characterised by red blood cell dysfunction and abnormal proliferation. The poor survival rate of AEL is a serious threat to the health of the elderly. Natural flavagline-like compounds were isolated from the bark of red-fruited Mistletoe and exhibited anticancer activity.

Unraveling the pharmaceutical excipient-drug interactions: The effects of polyethylene glycol copolymers on drug metabolism and transport systems.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG), a versatile and biocompatible polymer, serves as a key pharmaceutical excipient in the development and application of novel clinical drug formulations. It not only illustrates the enhancement of drug stability and bioavailability in conventional formulations, including injections, soft capsules, and drop pills, but it also can modify biomacromolecular drugs and nanodrug delivery systems (NDDS) via PEGylation technology to form PEGylated drugs and PEG copolymer carrier materials. Using PEG copolymer carrier materials in NDDS provides a promising strategy for tumor-targeted drug delivery.

Efficacy and safety of CD19 combined with CD22 or CD20 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for hematological malignancies.

Background: CD19 combined with CD22 or CD20 therapy is a promising immunotherapy approach for the treatment of hematological malignancies. Dual-targeted CD19/CD22 CAR T and CD19/CD22 CAR T-cell therapy are currently being evaluated in clinical trials, and the extent of improvement using CD19 in combination with dual-targeted therapy has not yet been determined. To compare the differences between the two in the treatment of hematological tumors, this study summarized the available evidence.

Approved trends and product characteristics of digital therapeutics in four countries.

Digital therapeutics (DTx) provide innovative treatment options. In this study, we identified and compared approved DTx in China, the US, Germany, and Belgium. In total, 507 DTx applications were identified (US, 192; China, 235; Germany, 55; Belgium, 25).

[Programmed cell death in paramyxovirus infection].

Paramyxoviruses are important respiratory pathogens with substantial clinical relevance in pediatric infectious diseases. During infection, multiple forms of programmed cell death (PCD) may be induced, and this plays pivotal roles in viral replication, dissemination, and host immune responses, thereby profoundly influencing the viral life cycle and disease progression. On one hand, PCD facilitates the clearance of infected cells, restricts viral spread, and activates host immune defenses, thereby enhancing antiviral immunity.

Measles Virus-Based Genetic Modifications: Progress in Hematological Malignancy Treatment.

With the enhancement of public living standards and health awareness, demands for high-quality treatment with hematological malignancies are increasing, correspondingly. However, since significant adverse events have been found associated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and other traditional anticancer measures, and a considerable number of patients still experience relapse or drug resistance, developing new treatment strategies has become the focus in the field of hematological malignancies. The measles virus vaccine strain, as an oncolytic virus, has been paid special attention to, due to its dual advantages of selectively invading and killing tumor cells and activating anti-tumor immunity.

The RBM39 degrader indisulam inhibits acute megakaryoblastic leukemia by altering the alternative splicing of ZMYND8.

Background: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is a rare hematological malignancy in adults but children. Alternative splicing (AS) has been shown to affect hematological cancer progression, making splicing factors promising targets. Our research aims to investigate the efficacy of the molecular glue degrader indisulam, which targets the splicing factor RNA binding motif protein 39 (RBM39) in AMKL models.

Efficacy of maintenance or consolidation therapy for multiple myeloma based on proteasome inhibitors: a meta-analysis.

Background: This study assessed the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) in both maintenance and consolidation therapies for MM patients.

Methods: A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted, including PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, CNKI, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and others, to identify randomized controlled trials published in both Chinese and English languages that examined the use of PIs in either consolidation or maintenance therapy for multiple myeloma. The effectiveness outcomes assessed included complete response (CR), very good partial response or better (≥ VGPR), partial response (PR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Integrated microfluidics-based construction of anti-BTN2A2 gel droplet cell preparations for non-invasive tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy.

Tumor infiltrating lymphocyte therapy (TIL therapy) is one of the effective treatments for solid tumors. However, certain periods or sites of solid tumors are not amenable to surgical resection. Meanwhile, the abundant and dense extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulatory cells (e.

IRF1 is a core transcriptional regulatory circuitry member promoting AML progression by regulating lipid metabolism.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a prevalent malignancy of the hematologic system. Despite advancements in therapeutic approaches, significant heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance pose substantial challenges to treatment. Tumors driven by core transcription factors through super-enhancers can establish core transcriptional regulatory circuits (CRCs) that modulate oncogene expression programs.

Effects of mesenchymal stem cells from different sources on the biological functions of multiple myeloma cells.

Background: The therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are largely dependent on paracrine factors, but the supernatants of the different MSCs may have different effects on multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Therefore, this study compared supernatants of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) with umbilical cord wharton's jelly's mesenchymal stem cells (UC-WJ MSCs) in different states (non-senescent and replicative senescence) on the MM cells.

Methods: We extracted human BM-MSCs and UC-WJ MSCs in vitro and used HO to induce replicative senescence.

Combining Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Experimental Validation to Explore the Effects and Mechanisms of Indirubin on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Purpose: To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of indirubin in treating ALL using network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Methods: Potential targets of indirubin- and ALL-related genes were identified using public databases. Core genes were filtered through protein-protein interaction analysis in Cytoscape.

The Systematic Analysis of the Impact of China Water Improvement and Fluoride Reduction Project on Children.

Endemic fluorosis is a serious public health problem in China. In order to improve the quality of drinking water, China has implemented water rehabilitation and fluoride reduction projects, but their effect on children's health outcomes is unclear. This study reviewed relevant literature published in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang from the date of establishment to October 2024.

Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells improve patency and regeneration of electrospun biodegradable vascular grafts via anti-thrombogenicity and M2 macrophage polarization.

Small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) are prone to thrombosis and have low long-term patency rates for various reasons, which cannot meet the clinical requirements. In this work, Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell (hAMSC) seeding electrospun polylactic acid-co-polycaprolactone (PLCL) SDVGs are fabricated and their application potential is systematically evaluated. The SDVG has excellent mechanical properties.

Baicalin: a potential therapeutic agent for acute kidney injury and renal fibrosis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common critical clinical disease that is linked to significant morbidity, recurrence, and mortality. It is characterized by a fast and prolonged loss in renal function arising from numerous etiologies and pathogenic pathways. Renal fibrosis, defined as the excessive accumulation of collagen and proliferation of fibroblasts within renal tissues, contributes to the structural damage and functional decline of the kidneys, playing a pivotal role in the advancement of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).

MAPK4 inhibits the early aberrant activation of B cells in rheumatoid arthritis by promoting the IRF4-SHIP1 signaling pathway.

The involvement of B lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is well-established, with their early and aberrant activation being a crucial factor. However, the mechanisms underlying this abnormal activation in RA remain incompletely understood. In this study, we identified a significant reduction in MAPK4 expression in both RA patients and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse models, which correlates with disrupted B cell activation.

The Role of SIRT1-BDNF Signaling Pathway in Fluoride-Induced Toxicity for Glial BV-2 Cells.

Chronic fluorosis is often accompanied by neurological symptoms, leading to attention, memory and learning ability decline and causing tension, anxiety, depression, and other mental symptoms. In the present study, we analyzed the molecular mechanisms of SIRT1-BDNF regulation of PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and FOXO1A in F-treated BV2 cells. The cytotoxic effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on BV2 cells was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), crystal violet, and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining.