Case Report: Successful transplantation of a living donor kidney with five renal arteries procured via laparoscopy and back-table vascular reconstruction using the recipient's internal iliac artery.

Background: Laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (LLDN) is the preferred technique for living donor kidney transplantation, but multiple renal arteries pose challenges due to increased surgical complexity. While cases with up to seven renal arteries have been reported, the occurrence of kidneys with more than three renal arteries is extremely rare. This report presents a successful retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy in a living donor with five renal arteries, a case not previously detailed in the literature.

Liver Cold Storage and Transplantation in the Cold-Adaptive Daurian Ground Squirrels.

In liver transplantation, the functional recovery of donor grafts following extended cold storage is a major challenge. The same obstacle applies to standard rodent models (e.g.

Quantitative assessment of liver graft function using functional automated whole-liver score derived from gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Accurate and timely assessment of liver graft function is of great significance for the survival of liver grafts and liver transplant recipients. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the functional automated whole-liver score (FAWLS) system derived from gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and quantitative measurements of liver graft function. Additionally, it sought to determine the utility of FAWLS in evaluating the severity of liver graft injury and monitoring treatment response following therapy, through an association analysis with liver biopsy findings to validate its effectiveness as a non-invasive diagnostic tool.

Setdb1 ablation in macrophages attenuates fibrosis in heart allografts.

Tissue fibrosis is commonly associated with organ malfunction and is strongly associated with the development of chronic rejection, cardiovascular diseases, and other chronic diseases. Fibrosis also contributes to immune exclusion in tumor tissues. Targeting fibrosis might be a strategy for prolonging allograft survival while suppressing cancer development.

Targeting Setdb1 in T cells induces transplant tolerance without compromising antitumor immunity.

Suppressing immune responses promotes allograft survival but also favours tumour progression and recurrence. Selectively suppressing allograft rejection while maintaining or even enhancing antitumor immunity is challenging. Here, we show loss of allograft-related rejection in mice deficient in Setdb1, an H3K9 methyltransferase, while antitumor immunity remains intact.

Liver transplant-facilitated CD161Vα7.2 MAIT cell recovery demonstrates clinical benefits in hepatic failure patients.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells exert multifaceted effects such as anti-microbial activity, tissue repair, and pro-fibrotic effects across various disease settings. Nonetheless, their role in liver injury and hemostasis remains debated. Here, we report a significant depletion and functional dysregulation of MAIT cells, which is associated with disease severity and accumulated bile acids in HBV-infected patients with varying degree of liver injury.

Protocol for an international multicenter, prospective, observational, non-competitive, study to validate and optimise prediction models of 90-day and 1-year allograft failure after liver transplantation: The global IMPROVEMENT Study.

More liver transplants (LT) are performed worldwide thanks to extended criteria donors (ECD). This is paralleled by a supposed increased risk of allograft failure (AF) at 90 and 365 days. This study has been designed to portray the LT practice worldwide and investigate models of AF prediction and the impact of risk mitigation strategies for further improving graft and patient outcomes.

Optimizing the mouse orthotopic liver transplantation model: Learning curve, technical enhancements, and keys to success.

Due to the easier availability of transgenic mice and reagents, the mouse orthotopic liver transplantation model offers significant advantages in liver transplantation research. However, technical challenges have limited its broader application. The most challenging steps of the procedure include manual anastomosis of the suprahepatic vena cava, cuff anastomosis of the portal vein, and maintaining the anhepatic phase within 20 minutes.

Sour neuronal signalling attenuates macrophage-mediated liver injury.

Background & Aims: Liver injury, a common pathophysiological basis of various liver diseases, is associated with inflammation. Hepatic nerves regulate inflammation. However, the specific signals that trigger inflammation and methods to treat inflammation by targeting nerves remain unknown.

Research Progress on Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment in Liver-Related Diseases.

Liver-related diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis, are globally prevalent and significantly contribute to mortality rates. Despite the availability of various imaging techniques for liver evaluation, a consensus regarding the selection of an accurate and safe method remains elusive. As a non-invasive imaging approach, the effectiveness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in assisting the diagnosis and treatment of liver-related diseases has been established.

CD40 induces PIR-A macrophages to promote chronic allograft rejection.

Background: Chronic rejection is the leading cause of progressive allograft function decline. Studies have demonstrated that CD40-CD40L-induced paired immunoglobulin-like receptor-A (PIR-A) is the MHC-I receptor necessary for the specific memory response in macrophages of mice with chronic rejection. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Inhibition of ferroptosis protects intrahepatic bile duct cells against ischemia-reperfusion and bile salt toxicity.

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and bile salt toxicity are significant contributors to post-transplant cholangiopathy. Ferroptosis appears to play a critical role in intrahepatic bile duct injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and bile salt toxicity. Our study aimed to elucidate the role of ferroptosis in bile duct injuries and its potential as a therapeutic target for liver diseases.

High-Throughput Formation of Pre-Vascularized hiPSC-Derived Hepatobiliary Organoids on a Chip via Nonparenchymal Cell Grafting.

Liver organoids have been increasingly adopted as a critical in vitro model to study liver development and diseases. However, the pre-vascularization of liver organoids without affecting liver parenchymal specification remains a long-lasting challenge, which is essential for their application in regenerative medicine. Here, the large-scale formation of pre-vascularized human hepatobiliary organoids (vhHBOs) is presented without affecting liver epithelial specification via a novel strategy, namely nonparenchymal cell grafting (NCG).

Chinese guidelines for minimally invasive donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (2024 edition).

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

Gut microbiota-mediated bile acid metabolism aggravates biliary injury after liver transplantation through mitochondrial apoptosis.

Ischemic-type biliary lesions (ITBL) are a major cause of graft loss and even mortality after liver transplantation (LT). The underlying cellular mechanisms for ITBL remain unclear. Gut microbiota has been found to be closely related to complications after LT.

A nomogram incorporating Psoas muscle index for predicting tumor recurrence after liver transplantation: A retrospective study in an Eastern Asian population.

Background And Aims: Tumor recurrence significantly affects the prognostic outcomes for liver cancer patients following liver transplantation. However, existing predictive models often neglect the inclusion of body composition indicators. Hence, this research aimed to investigate the significance of the psoas muscle index (PMI) in evaluating the post-transplant prognosis of liver cancer.

Clinical Application of Different Liquid Biopsy Components in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of primary liver cancer, usually occurring in the background of chronic liver disease. HCC lethality rate is in the third highest place in the world. Patients with HCC have concealed early symptoms and possess a high-level of heterogeneity.

Identification of Cbx6 as a potential biomarker in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Background: Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (RIRI) is an inevitable consequence of kidney transplantation and has a negative impact on both short-term and long-term graft survival. The identification of key markers in RIRI to improve the prognosis of patients would be highly advantageous.

Methods: Gene expression profile data of GSE27274 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Applications, advancements, and challenges of 3D bioprinting in organ transplantation.

To date, organ transplantation remains an effective method for treating end-stage diseases of various organs. In recent years, despite the continuous development of organ transplantation technology, a variety of problems restricting its progress have emerged one after another, and the shortage of donors is at the top of the list. Bioprinting is a very useful tool that has huge application potential in many fields of life science and biotechnology, among which its use in medicine occupies a large area.

LRP11 promotes stem-like T cells via MAPK13-mediated TCF1 phosphorylation, enhancing anti-PD1 immunotherapy.

Background: Tumor-infiltrating T cells enter an exhausted or dysfunctional state, which limits antitumor immunity. Among exhausted T cells, a subset of cells with features of progenitor or stem-like cells has been identified as TCF1 CD8 T cells that respond to immunotherapy. In contrast to the finding that TCF1 controls epigenetic and transcriptional reprogramming in tumor-infiltrating stem-like T cells, little is known about the regulation of TCF1.

Successful liver transplantation with ctDNA clearance after PD‑1 inhibitor plus FOLFOX‑HAIC treatment in HCC: A case report.

Liver transplantation (LT) is the primary treatment for patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the 5-year survival rate after LT remains low for patients with advanced HCC. Recently, combining programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) has achieved promising outcomes in advanced HCC treatment.