Case Report: Successful transplantation of a living donor kidney with five renal arteries procured via laparoscopy and back-table vascular reconstruction using the recipient's internal iliac artery.

Background: Laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (LLDN) is the preferred technique for living donor kidney transplantation, but multiple renal arteries pose challenges due to increased surgical complexity. While cases with up to seven renal arteries have been reported, the occurrence of kidneys with more than three renal arteries is extremely rare. This report presents a successful retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy in a living donor with five renal arteries, a case not previously detailed in the literature.

Diagnostic value of three urine miRNAs composite score in BK virus nephropathy.

Noninvasive detection of BK virus, for early detection of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy post-renal transplantation, is currently an active subject of investigation. In this study, we developed and validated a novel risk score diagnostic assay (PymiR Score) based on measurements of three urine miRNAs, including BKV-related miRNA (bkv-miR-B1-5p), polyomavirus-related miRNA (bkv-miR-B1-3p) and renal tubular injury-related miRNA (miR-21-5p), by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The limit of detection of the three miRNAs was 2 × 10 copies/mL, while the intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were in the ranges of 2.

Immunosuppressant nonadherence profile in kidney transplant recipients and the impact of medication adherence on transplant outcomes.

Background: Despite the fact that 1-year graft and recipient survival rates are above 90% in most transplant centers, improving long-term graft survival remains an important challenge. Immunosuppressant nonadherence has been recognized as one of the important risk factors for long-term graft failure. Understanding the modifiable correlates and risk factors for medication non-adherence is essential to develop interventions to improve adherence and thus long-term transplantation outcomes.

Sirolimus in combination with low-dose extended-release tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients.

Introduction: Many challenges remain for long-term survival of renal allografts. Once-daily sirolimus (SRL) combined with low-dose extended-release tacrolimus (LER-TAC) may improve medication adherence and reduce the potential nephrotoxicity of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) compared with standard immunosuppression regimens, thus potentially improving long-term graft survival.

Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-center, propensity score matching (PSM) study compared conversion to SRL combined with low-dose ER-TAC and mycophenolic acid (MPA) combined with standard-dose TAC in kidney transplant recipients.