A Hybrid Protein-Oxygen Nanomedicine Overcomes Osimertinib Resistance in NSCLC via HIF-1α/VEGF/EGFR Inhibition.

Purpose: Osimertinib, established as the frontline treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), can effectively prolong progression-free survival. However, it faces the problem of reduced treatment persistence due to acquired drug resistance. Meanwhile, tumor hypoxia is also a key driver of drug resistance.

Enhanced diagnostic performance of WE-SHARP-DWI compared with SPAIR-DWI for focal liver lesion evaluation at 3T.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of 2 fat suppression techniques in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for detecting and assessing focal liver lesions (FLLs): water excitation spectral heterogeneity adaptive radiofrequency pulses (WE-SHARP) and conventional spectral adiabatic inversion recovery (SPAIR).

Materials And Methods: This prospective study enrolled eligible participants between October 2023 and August 2024. Various DWI techniques at 3T, SPAIR-DWI, WE-SHARP-DWI, and WE-SHARP-DWI with correction algorithms (WE-SHARP-DWI*), acquired at b values of 50, 400, 800, and 1200 s/mm², were used to evaluate FLLs.

Characterizing the relationship between FLAIR hyper-rim lesions and paramagnetic rim lesions in multiple sclerosis.

Paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), identified using susceptibility-sensitive sequences, are established prognostic imaging markers for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, susceptibility-sensitive sequences are not yet routinely performed in many clinical centers. We aim to investigate an imaging feature observed on conventional T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences, termed "FLAIR hyper-rim", and explore its association with PRLs.

Glymphatic, Structural, and Cognitive Changes During Breast Cancer Chemotherapy: A Longitudinal MRI Study.

The glymphatic system maintains brain homeostasis through cerebrospinal fluid transport and waste clearance. Its potential involvement in chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment remains largely unexplored due to limited in vivo evidence. In this prospective longitudinal study, 126 female breast cancer patients underwent multiparametric brain MRI and neuropsychological assessments at three time points: baseline (bc1), after the first cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (bc2), and upon completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (bc3).

Differentiating Benign Thyroid Nodules and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Using Time-Dependent Diffusion MRI: A Feasibility Study.

Background: Differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules is important for treatment planning and prognostic, yet an ideal method is lacking.

Purpose: To investigate whether microstructural parameters from time-dependent diffusion MRI (td-dMRI) can accurately distinguish between benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Study Type: Single-center, prospective.

The Advances in Polymer-Based Electrothermal Composites: A Review.

Polymer-based electrothermal composites (PECs) have been increasingly attracting attention in recent years owing to their flexibility, low density, and high electrothermal efficiency. However, although a large number of reviews have focused on flexible and transparent film heaters as well as polymer-based conductive composites, comprehensive reviews of polymer-based electrothermal composites remain limited. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of recent advancements in polymer-based electrothermal materials.

Effect of simultaneous multislice acceleration on the quantitative measurements of diffusion-weighted imaging, intravoxel incoherent motion, and diffusion kurtosis imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma and abdominal organs.

Background: Although simultaneous multislice (SMS) acceleration shortens abdominal diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) scans, its effect on quantitative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) measurements is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate SMS acceleration effects on DWI-derived quantitative measurements in HCC and the upper abdominal solid organs.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study initially enrolled 205 patients with clinically suspected HCC.

The Influence of the Dispersion and Covalent Functionalization of CNTs on Electrical Conduction Under an Electric Field in LDPE/CNT Composites.

In this study, we comprehensively compare electrical conduction behavior under an applied electric field and electrical conductivity variation with temperature in low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/CNT composites with different dispersions and covalent functionalizations. Composites with different dispersions were prepared using solution and melt mixing processes. The solution-mixed composites exhibited better dispersion and higher electrical conductivity compared to the melt-mixed composites.

Comparing Multi-Value Diffusion MRI Models for Predicting Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer.

Background Multi-value diffusion MRI models have been used to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer. However, there is a lack of longitudinal comparative research. Purpose To compare the performance of various diffusion MRI-derived longitudinal parameters during NAC for prediction of pCR in breast cancer.

Quantitative assessment of liver graft function using functional automated whole-liver score derived from gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Accurate and timely assessment of liver graft function is of great significance for the survival of liver grafts and liver transplant recipients. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the functional automated whole-liver score (FAWLS) system derived from gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and quantitative measurements of liver graft function. Additionally, it sought to determine the utility of FAWLS in evaluating the severity of liver graft injury and monitoring treatment response following therapy, through an association analysis with liver biopsy findings to validate its effectiveness as a non-invasive diagnostic tool.

Different obesity indicators and their correlation with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in 35-74 years rural residents in Northwest China.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the cut-off value of 10 obesity indicators, including BF% (Body Fat Ratio, BF%), BMI (Body Mass Index, BMI), WHR (Waist-to-Hip Ratio, WHR), WHtR (Waist-to-Height Ratio, WHtR), BAI (Body Adiposity Index, BAI), OBD (Obesity Degree, OBD), CI (Conicity Index,CI), AVI (Abdominal Volume Index, AVI), ABSI (A Body Shape Index, ABSI) and BRI (Body Roundness Index, BRI), and investigate their relationship between different anthropometric indices of obesity indicators and their correlation to hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in rural residents aged 35-74 years in Ningxia, an autonomous region of northwest China.

Methods: The study participants were interviewed by questionnaire (including demographic characteristics such as age, education status, economic status, and lifestyle variables such as exercise frequency, smoke, alcohol, tea, spice, and vinegar consumption), bio-impedance body composition analysis, and blood laboratory test. The t-test and chi-square test were used to compare the characteristics of different groups, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the correlation of different indicators and explore their cut-off values.

Podocyte FFAR4 deficiency aggravated glomerular diseases and aging.

Podocyte injury contributes to the progression of glomerular disease and aging; however, causative molecular/physiological pathways are poorly defined, and there are few therapies to improve kidney outcomes. We previously reported that free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4) agonist TUG891 improved podocyte injury to alleviate renal inflammation and fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy. However, the role of podocyte FFAR4 as a promising drug target has not been explored in glomerular diseases and aging.

An isoflavone reductase-like protein MtIFL negatively regulates nodule symbiosis in Medicago truncatula.

Flavonoids are valuable metabolites produced by legumes, including Medicago truncatula, and play crucial roles in signaling communication during legume-rhizobium symbiosis. Isoflavone reductase proteins (IFRs) are involved in the biosynthesis of isoflavones and plant defense regulation. However, their role in symbiotic nitrogen fixation remains mostly elusive.

Association between cardiometabolic index and postmenopausal stress urinary incontinence: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2013 to 2018.

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common condition affecting the genitourinary system in postmenopausal women. Obesity and dyslipidemia are recognized as significant factors that contribute to the onset of SUI. The cardiometabolic index (CMI), a reliable indicator of health risks associated with obesity, is crucial in assessing these risks.

Quantifying tumor morphological complexity based on pretreatment MRI fractal analysis for predicting pathologic complete response and survival in breast cancer: a retrospective, multicenter study.

Background: The tumor morphological complexity is closely associated with treatment response and prognosis in patients with breast cancer. However, conveniently quantifiable tumor morphological complexity methods are currently lacking.

Methods: Women with breast cancer who underwent NAC and pretreatment MRI were retrospectively enrolled at four centers from May 2010 to April 2023.

Biomechanical parameters quantified by MR elastography for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and disease-free survival in breast cancer: a prospective longitudinal study.

Background: Little is known regarding biomechanical properties derived from multifrequency MR elastography temporal changes during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and associated with pathologic complete response (pCR) and disease-free survival (DFS) in breast cancer. We aimed to investigate temporal changes in NAC-associated biomechanical parameters and assess biomechanical parameters as a predictor of pCR and DFS in breast cancer.

Methods: In this prospective longitudinal study, participants with breast cancer who received NAC were enrolled from February 2021 to May 2023.

Preoperative prediction of early recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma using simultaneous multislice diffusion kurtosis imaging.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the value of simultaneous multislice diffusion kurtosis imaging (SMS-DKI) for predicting early recurrence (within 2 years) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to develop a predictive model.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included 67 HCC patients who underwent SMS-DKI on a 3-T MRI between June 2021 and January 2023. Diffusion parameters, including the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), SMS-mean kurtosis (SMS-MK), and SMS-mean diffusivity (SMS-MD), along with radiological features, were analyzed.

Identification of key hub genes and potential therapeutic drugs for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Insights into molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies.

Objective: Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) is a highly malignant cancer with a high incidence in East and Southeast Asia, including southern China. Despite advances in treatment, the prognosis for advanced NPC remains poor due to high recurrence and metastasis rates. The molecular mechanisms driving NPC progression are not fully understood, and identifying key genes and potential therapeutic agents is critical.

Application of network pharmacology, bioinformatics, computational molecular docking, and experimental validation to study the anticancer effects of oleanolic acid in oral squamous carcinoma cells.

Oleanolic acid (OA) has demonstrated anticancer effects across various cancers, with some derivatives advancing to clinical trials. Howe ver, its precise mechanisms of action remain unclear, especially in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study employed network pharmacology, bioinformatics, molecular docking, dynamics simulations, and experimental validation to explore OA's anticancer effects in OSCC and elucidate its mechanism of action.

Research on small sample carbon emission prediction based on improved TimeGAN: A case study of the Yangtez River Delta urban agglomeration in China.

Carbon emission prediction at the urban level is essential for effective reduction strategies. However, in the research on carbon emission prediction of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration in China, it faces the challenges of difficult carbon emission calculation at the city scale, difficulty in carbon emission data collection, and insufficient data amount, which together hinder accurate forecasting of future urban emissions, presenting a classic small-sample dilemma. To address this, this paper first proposes a new carbon emission calculation model that integrates socio-economic data and nighttime light data to calculate urban carbon emission, categorizing cities into four types: high-tech, industrial support, private economy, and resource support.

Noninvasive grading of renal interstitial fibrosis and prediction of annual renal function loss in chronic kidney disease: the optimal solution of seven MR diffusion models.

Objectives: To explore the optimal choice of seven diffusion models (DWI, IVIM, DKI, CTRW, FROC, SEM, and sADC) to assess renal interstitial fibrosis (IF) and annual renal function loss in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: One hundred thirty-three CKD patients and 30 controls underwent multi-b diffusion sequence scans. Patients were divided into the training, testing, and temporal external validation sets.

The correlation analysis between Normalized Wall Index and cerebral perfusion in patients with Mild Carotid Artery Stenosis under 3.0T MRI.

Background: To explore the relationship between Normalized Wall Index (NWI) and Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Imaging Parameters in Patients with Mild Carotid Artery Stenosis.

Methods: Initially, an analysis was conducted on 40 patients from our institution, and we identified through ultrasonographic examinations conducted between July 2021 and August 2022. These patients exhibited carotid artery plaques with mild luminal narrowing (with stenosis rates ranging from 20 to 50%, following the criteria of the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial, NASCET).

Manganese-based nanoenzymes: from catalytic chemistry to design principle and antitumor/antibacterial therapy.

Manganese (Mn)-based materials have been extensively investigated for a wide range of biomedical applications owing to their remarkable catalytic chemistry, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capacity, biodegradability, low toxicity, and good biosafety. In this review, we first elaborate on the catalytic principle of Mn-based nanoenzymes for antitumor and antibacterial therapy, followed by a comprehensive discussion of the interesting structural design engineering strategies used to achieve multi-dimensional Mn-based nanoarchitectures, such as zero-dimensional (0D) nanoparticles, 1D nanotubes, 2D nanosheets, 3D hollow porous Mn ball, and core-shell nanostructures. Moreover, the therapeutic applications of different Mn-based nanoenzymes, including manganese dioxide (MnO)-based nanoenzymes that can trigger catalytic reactions, Mn-doped metal nanoenzymes and Mn-coordinated nanoenzymes that promote hydroxyl/reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and MnO-based micro/nanorobots that can effectively penetrate tumor tissues, are critically reviewed.

Curcumin-enhanced NIR-II-responsive gold nanobipyramids for targeted HSP 90 inhibition.

Blockade of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression in multimodal synergistic therapy has a great prospect for cancer treatment. Nanomaterials combined with bioinformatic analysis provides accurate guidance for the design of anti-HSP90 nanomedicines. Herein, a NIR-II-responsive nanoplatform was developed under bioinformatics guided to effectly inhibit HSP90 for enhanced synergistic mild-photothermal chemotherapy without any notable tissue damage.

Associations Between Hemoglobin and Serum Iron Levels and the Risk of Mortality Among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hemoglobin and serum iron levels and mortality risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: We analyzed data from 3224 patients with CAD using Cox proportional hazards regression models to assess the association of hemoglobin and serum iron levels with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality from the Guangdong coronary artery disease cohort.

Results: Over a median follow-up period of 8.