Environmental Exposure to Melamine Derivatives and Early Kidney Injury: Role of Ferroptosis and Oxidative Stress.

Melamine (MEL) and its derivatives are known for acute nephrotoxicity, but the risks from chronic exposure and underlying mechanisms of toxicity are unclear. We integrated environmental monitoring (356 pairs of house dust and urine samples collected across mainland China) with cell-based bioassays to investigate MEL exposure sources and toxic effects. MEL-related chemicals were frequently detected in dust (median: 10.

Oxidative damage induced by daily exposure to primary and emerging aromatic amines: Insights from large scale biomonitoring and cell-based high-throughput PCR array analysis.

Aromatic amines are a group of compounds with industrial and environmental significance. The oxidative damage induced by large scale residential exposure to aromatic amines remains poorly characterized, necessitating comprehensive biomonitoring and mechanistic investigations. Herein, this study integrates large scale biomonitoring and cell-based high-throughput PCR array analysis to evaluate the oxidative damage induced by daily exposure to primary aromatic amines (PAAs), emerging aromatic amines (AAs), and their quinone derivatives (PPD-Qs) in the Chinese population.

Risk of cardiovascular disease among cancer survivors: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There have been conflicting studies on the associations between cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The hypothesis of this meta-analysis was to investigate whether cancer survivors had an increased risk of CVD compared to those without cancer based on population-based cohort studies.

Methods: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective and retrospective cohort studies.

HMGB1-Platelet Interactions: Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy Strategies.

Platelets serve not only as crucial hemostatic components but also as pivotal regulators of inflammatory responses, capable of interacting with diverse cell types and secreting abundant extracellular factors. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a DNA-binding protein and critical inflammatory mediator, plays multifaceted roles in disease progression, with platelets being one cellular source of circulating HMGB1. Under pathological conditions, platelets release HMGB1 into the extracellular matrix, establishing bidirectional communication between platelets and other immune cells.

Insights into the Dermal Absorption, Percutaneous Penetration, and Tissue Distribution of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs): Evidence from Human Skin Wipes and Rat Models.

Humans are frequently exposed to quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) via direct dermal contact with disinfectants and personal care products. However, the dermal exposure, skin penetration, and tissue distribution behavior of QACs remain unclear. Herein, we used human skin wipe samples and an rat model to explore the dermal absorption, percutaneous penetration, and exposure behaviors of 19 QACs with different physicochemical properties.

Transplacental transfer of metformin and interaction of metformin with the uptake transporters of placental trophoblast cells.

Metformin is among the most widely prescribed antidiabetic agents, with increasingly accepted by women with gestational diabetes mellitus due to its more convenient administration. Knowledge of the interaction of metformin with the uptake transporters of placental trophoblast cells is important for robust evaluation of the safety usage in pregnancy. Herein, the pregnancy pharmacokinetic study and distribution in placenta and fetus study were employed and showed that metformin could distribute quickly into the placenta and fetus, and the content of MET in the placenta was obvious higher than that in fetus.

Application of multigene panel testing for bleeding, thrombotic, and platelet disorders in patients and the general population in China.

Bleeding, thrombotic, and platelet disorders (BTPDs) are rare but complex conditions with diverse clinical presentations that often delay accurate diagnosis. In this study, we developed an Expanded Thrombohemostasis (ExTH) gene panel comprising 130 diagnostic and risk-associated genes. This panel was applied to 747 patients and 760 controls, representing the largest genetic screening study for BTPDs in an Asian population to date.

Gestation Exposure to Organophosphate Esters: Structure-Dependent Transplacental Transfer Patterns, Mechanisms, and Toxicity.

Organophosphate esters (OPEs), characterized by diverse chemical substituents, exhibit varying environmental exposure and toxicity profiles. Therefore, OPEs may have potential for placental transfer and could impact neonatal development. However, the structural-specific transplacental mechanisms and toxicity effects of the OPEs remain poorly understood.

Hydrazide chemistry for durable, dendrite-free zinc anodes: Insights into solvation structures and electrolyte interfaces.

The practical application of aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) is impeded by intrinsic limitations of Zn metal anode. Herein, benzoyl hydrazine (BH), incorporating multiple functional groups, serves as an electrolyte additive to mitigate interfacial side reactions and thereby enhancing its cycling durability. Experimental characterizations incorporating with theoretical simulations reveal that the BH molecule can not only reconstruct the solvation configuration by replacing the coordinated water of hydrated Zn, but strengthen hydrogen-bond network by forming strong hydrogen bonds, thus suppressing proton transport and active water decomposition.

Beyond phthalates: Investigating non-phthalate plasticizers in indoor environments-A nationwide survey from China.

Research on plasticizers, particularly non-phthalate plasticizers (NPAEs), in indoor environments and their associated human exposure risks remains limited in China. To address this, we analyzed 374 house dust samples nationwide for 11 phthalates (PAEs) and 16 NPAEs. Nineteen of 27 target analytes were widely detected, with total plasticizer concentrations (∑plasticizers) ranging from 14.

Melamine derivatives in indoor dust from China: Temporal trends and human exposure before and during COVID-19 pandemic.

Melamine-based compounds (MELs) are emerging indoor contaminants with potential health risks, yet their temporal variations and exposure implications remain poorly characterized. In this study, we analyzed MELs in 66 paired indoor dust samples from residential households in Tianjin, China, comparing pre- and during-COVID-19 periods. Four traditional MELs, i.

Bioaccumulation and Biotransformation of Triazole Pesticides in Rice ( L.): Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Metabolic Pathways, and Toxicity Assessment.

Root uptake is a primary pathway for pesticides to enter the plants; however, their uptake mechanisms and biotransformation behaviors are still lacking. Herein, the root uptake and biotransformation behaviors of 21 triazole fungicides in rice plants ( L.) by hydroponic experiments were investigated.

Polyethylene microplastics impair chicken growth through gut microbiota-induced hepatic fatty acid metabolism dysfunction.

Microplastics (MPs) negatively impact various terrestrial animals, but their comprehensive effects on Gallus gallus domesticus, key agricultural and ecological species connecting people and the environment, are not well-documented. This study investigates the effects of polyethylene (PE) MPs and phthalate esters (PAEs) on chicken growth, liver metabolism, and gut microbiota using multi-omics and 16S rRNA sequencing technology. Results show that PE MPs, particularly those containing PAEs, significantly reduced body weight gain and hepatic triglyceride levels by up to 71.

Scattering Intensity Regulation via Intrinsic S Vacancies in [CuS▫] Motif for Optimized Initial Thermoelectric Performance in Cu─Sb─S System.

The Cu─Sb─S system has garnered significant attention as thermoelectric (TE) material due to the low lattice thermal conductivity (κ), cost-effectiveness, and low toxicity. Herein, an intrinsic switch is demonstrated to optimize the initial properties before doping, which controls the intensity of phonon and carrier scattering simultaneously. The degree of filling of the S-site at the co-vertex junction of the [CuS] triangles plays a crucial role in determining both electrical and thermal transport properties.

Zanubrutinib plus R-CHOP improves the treatment effect of newly diagnosed diffuse large B cell lymphoma with double expression of MYC and BCL-2.

Background: Relevant studies have demonstrated the poor treatment outcomes and prognosis for double-expressor diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DE-DLBCL) in the rituximab era. Zanubrutinib plus R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin/liposomal doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone; ZR-CHOP) has shown efficacy in untreated non-GCB DLBCL patients with extranodal involvement. However, its efficacy in newly diagnosed DE-DLBCL remains uncertain.

Platelet Disorders and Medication Strategies.

Platelets are among the most abundant cells in the body and play important roles in coagulation and immunity. Platelets are formed when hematopoietic stem cells proliferate and differentiate into megakaryocytes via the regulation of various cytokines. After the megakaryocytes mature in the bone marrow cavity, proplatelets are released into the blood circulation where they eventually remodel into mature platelets.

Micron-Scale Aluminum Coated with Various Types of Metallic Nanoparticles and Its Combustion Performance.

In this study, a new composite material [Quaternary]/μAl (i.e., [nCu+nNi+nCo+nFe]/μAl) was synthesized by coating micron-scale Al with Fe, Co, Cu, and Ni catalysts for the displacement reaction.

An Enhanced Protocol to Expand Human Exposome and Machine Learning-Based Prediction for Methodology Application.

The human exposome remains limited due to the challenging analytical strategies used to reveal low-level endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and their metabolites in serum and urine. This limits the integrity of the EDC exposure assessment and hinders understanding of their cumulative health effects. In this study, we propose an enhanced protocol based on multi-solid-phase extraction (multi-SPE) to expand human exposome with polar EDCs and metabolites and train a machine learning (ML) model for methodology prediction based on molecular descriptors.

Untargeted metabolomics and machine learning unveil the exposome and metabolism linked with the risk of early pregnancy loss.

Early pregnancy loss (EPL) may result from exposure to emerging contaminants (ECs), although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This case-control study measured over 2000 serum features, including 37 ECs, 6 biochemicals, and 2057 endogenous metabolites, in serum samples collected from 48 EPL patients and healthy pregnant women. The median total concentration of targeted EC in the EPL group (65.

Liquid crystal monomers induce placental development and progesterone release dysregulation through transplacental transportation.

Embryonic and fetal development can be affected during gestation by exposure to xenobiotics that cross the placenta. Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are emerging contaminants commonly found in indoor environments; however, whether they can cross the placenta and affect placental development remains unexplored. Here, we develop an evaluation system that integrates human biomonitoring, uterine perfusion in pregnant rats, and placental cells.

Clinical and Genetic Characterization of 51 Patients with Congenital Fibrinogen Disorders from China.

Objective:  To investigate the classification, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and genetic mutations associated with hereditary fibrinogen disorders in Chinese population.

Methods:  Between February 2015 and February 2022, 65 patients with congenital fibrinogen disorders (CFD) were identified at Wuhan Union Hospital. Comprehensive data were available for 51 patients, allowing for a retrospective analysis.

Elevated urinary levels of primary aromatic amines in residents from e-waste dismantling area: Associations with oxidative stress and kidney injury.

Currently, the adverse effects of carcinogenic primary aromatic amines (PAAs) released from electronic waste (e-waste) dismantling activities on human health remain unclear. Therefore, this study examined the urinary concentrations of 28 PAAs in residents living in both e-waste dismantling and control areas, and the median concentrations (unit: μg/g Cre) of aniline (ANI) (1.06 vs.

Occupational exposure to traditional and emerging organophosphate esters: A comparison of levels across different sources and blood distribution.

Currently, there is limited knowledge regarding occupational exposure of traditional and emerging organophosphate esters (OPEs) from e-waste and automobile dismantling activities, and their distribution within the human blood. In the present study, we collected dust and urine samples from e-waste (ED) (n = 91 and 130, respectively) and automobile dismantling (AD) plants (n = 93 and 94, respectively), as well as serum-plasma-whole blood samples (sets from 128 participants) within ED areas for analyzing traditional and emerging organophosphate tri-esters (tri-OPEs) and organophosphate di-esters (di-OPEs). Median concentration of ∑tri-OPEs and ∑di-OPEs in dust (37,400 and 9,000 ng/g in ED, and 27,000 and 14,700 ng/g in AD areas, respectively) and urine samples (11.

Trans-Placental Transfer Mechanisms of Aromatic Amine Antioxidants (AAs) and -Phenylenediamine Quinones (PPD-Qs): Evidence from Human Gestation Exposure and the Rat Uterine Perfusion Model.

Aromatic amine antioxidants (AAs), as rubber additives, and their ozone photochemical oxidation products of -phenylenediamine quinone (PPD-Qs) have attracted great attention recently due to their wide environmental occurrences and toxicity. However, there is currently no research on the exposure risks during pregnancy and their trans-placental transfer mechanisms. Herein, 20 AAs and six PPD-Qs were analyzed in 60 maternal urine and fifty-six amniotic fluid samples ( = 53 pairs).