Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome: MRI findings and differentiation from rectal cancer.

Background: Systematic MRI findings of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) are lacking. We aimed to evaluate the MRI findings of SRUS and to identify the MRI features that differentiate SRUS from rectal cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study consecutively included 30 patients diagnosed with SRUS from January 2015 to December 2021.

The mediating role of circulating inflammatory cytokines in causal associations between plasma metabolites and asymptomatic bile duct and cholecyst calculus: A Mendelian randomization study.

Asymptomatic gallbladder and biliary tract calculus may make into symptomatic disease or bring anxiety for patients. The formation of gallstones was associated with genetic risk factors and metabolic abnormalities. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data of 1400 plasma metabolites (PMs) and 91 circulating inflammatory cytokines (CICs) were obtained from the GWAS catalog, while the GWAS data of calculus of gallbladder without cholecystitis and calculus of bile duct without cholangitis or cholecystitis were retrieved from the IEU OpenGWAS project.

Baseline MRI-based radiomics improving the recurrence risk stratification in rectal cancer patients with negative carcinoembryonic antigen: A multicenter cohort study.

Objectives: Surveillance of rectal cancer recurrence in patients with negative pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is challenging. This study aimed to develop the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics models to predict rectal cancer recurrence in CEA-negative patients.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter study consecutively enrolled rectal cancer patients with negative pretreatment CEA diagnosed between November 2012 and November 2018 from three medical centers.

Prognostic value of the ratio of pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen to tumor volume in rectal cancer.

Background: As a commonly used biomarker in rectal cancer (RC), the prognostic value of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) remains underexplored. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of pretreatment CEA/tumor volume in RC.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with histologically confirmed primary rectal adenocarcinoma from November 2012 to April 2018.

Outer dynein arm docking complex subunit 2 polymorphism rs7893462 modulates hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility and can serve as an overall survival biomarker for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy: a cohort study with a long-term follow-up.

Background: Genetic variants of outer dynein arm docking complex subunit 2 (ODAD2) have been reported to be closely associated with primary ciliary dyskinesia and colorectal cancer in previous studies, but the association of genetic variants of ODAD2 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been reported.

Methods: We enrolled 80 healthy subjects and 468 Guangxi hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC patients in this study. A case-control study method was used to explore the association of different ODAD2-rs7893462 genotypes with hepatocarcinogenesis.

Residual abnormalities on CTE predict adverse outcomes in Crohn's disease with endoscopic healing.

Background: Residual abnormalities on computed tomography enterography (CTE) in Crohn's disease (CD) with endoscopic healing (EH) may have prognostic implications and affect therapeutic strategy.

Methods: CD patients with EH who underwent CTE between March 2015 and June 2022 were enrolled. CTE findings of the terminal ileum and the most severe segment of colon at the time of EH were assessed respectively for each patient.

Tumor Radiomic Features on Pretreatment MRI to Predict Response to Lenvatinib plus an Anti-PD-1 Antibody in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Lenvatinib plus an anti-PD-1 antibody has shown promising antitumor effects in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but with clinical benefit limited to a subset of patients. We developed and validated a radiomic-based model to predict objective response to this combination therapy in advanced HCC patients.

Methods: Patients ( = 170) who received first-line combination therapy with lenvatinib plus an anti-PD-1 antibody were retrospectively enrolled from 9 Chinese centers; 124 and 46 into the training and validation cohorts, respectively.

Case Report: A case of hepatocellular carcinoma with aberrant right hepatic artery treated with transarterial chemoembolization and infusion chemotherapy separately to bilobar lesion combining with systemic therapies and sequential hepatectomy.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a dismal prognosis is the second most deadly malignancy globally. Surgery is believed to be a curative approach. Nevertheless, there is still a considerable probability of postoperative recurrence.

A retrospective cohort study on the efficacy and safety for combination therapy of immunotherapy, targeted agent, and chemotherapy versus immunochemotherapy or chemotherapy alone in the first-line treatment of advanced biliary tract carcinoma.

Background: A paucity of effective treatment for biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) has necessitated the investigation into new therapies. As combinations of targeted therapy with immunotherapy are well-established in hepatocellular carcinoma, the GEMOX chemotherapy (gemcitabine and oxaliplatin) is the standard treatment for BTC. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in combination with targeted agent and chemotherapy in advanced BTC.

Radiographic and α-fetoprotein response predict pathologic complete response to immunotherapy plus a TKI in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study.

Background: Pathologic complete response (pCR) following preoperative systemic therapy is associated with improved outcomes after subsequent liver transplant/resection in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the relationship between radiographic and histopathological response remains unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively examined patients with initially unresectable HCC who received tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) plus anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) therapy before undergoing liver resection between March 2019 and September 2021 across 7 hospitals in China.

Recent development of a magneto-optical nanoplatform for multimodality imaging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer. Given its inconspicuous and atypical early symptoms and hidden location, most patients have already reached the terminal stage before diagnosis. At present, the diagnosis of PDAC mainly depends on serological and imaging examinations.

Efficacy and Safety of First-Line Chemotherapies for Patients With Advanced Biliary Tract Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: At present, chemotherapy is still the primary treatment for advanced biliary tract carcinoma, but it is challenging to balance the efficacy and side effects. Network meta-analysis (NMA) is a better way to identify the protocol, and the advantage is that it can be combined with direct and indirect evidence to judge the best treatment regimens. Therefore, we conducted NMA on the searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Expression and Diagnostic Value of tRNA-Derived Fragments Secreted by Extracellular Vesicles in Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Objective: To detect the expression level of tRNA-derived fragments secreted by extracellular vesicles in hypopharyngeal cancer and explore the influence of tRNA-derived fragments on the occurrence of hypopharyngeal cancer and lung metastasis.

Methods: After high-speed centrifugation, tRNA, which was extracted from the extracellular vesicles of patients with hypopharyngeal cancer and healthy subjects, was sequenced using microarrays. The expression of three differentially expressed tRNAs in hypopharyngeal cancer, healthy subjects, human normal laryngeal epithelial cells and hypopharyngeal cancer line was detected by qRT-PCR.

Efficacy and biomarker exploration of camrelizumab combined with apatinib in the treatment of advanced primary liver cancer: a retrospective study.

This study was to explore the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab combined with apatinib in patients with advanced liver cancer. Moreover, the relationship between peripheral blood parameters and tumor response rate was also investigated. Patients with unresectable or recurrent primary liver cancer (PLC) who received treatment from July 2019 to July 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were included in this single-center retrospective study.

Electron Microscopy-Based Comparison and Investigation of the Morphology of Exosomes Derived from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Isolated at Different Centrifugal Speeds.

Exosomes derived from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells are nanovesicles and are involved in the occurrence and development of HCC, they also serve as important carriers and drug targets of nanodrug delivery systems. The external shape and internal structure of exosomes are important indexes of identification, and isolated intact morphology is crucial to biological function integrity. However, given their susceptibility to various influencing factors, the external shape and internal structure of exosomes derived from HCC cells remain incompletely studied.

Comprehensive investigation of p53, p21, nm23, and VEGF expression in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma overall survival after hepatectomy.

The goal of our current study is to assess the immunohistochemical of p53, p21, nm23, and VEGF expression in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis after hepatectomy, as well as the prospective molecular mechanisms of prognostic indicator. There were 419 HBV-related HCC patients who were from southern China of Guangxi province and were used to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression for these biomarkers in prognosis. A genome-wide expression microarray dataset of HBV-related HCC were obtained from GSE14520.

Progression-free survival of up to 8 months of an advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patient treated with apatinib: a case report.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) arises from the biliary epithelium and is a relatively rare and highly fatal neoplasm. The prognosis is poor, and survival is limited to a few months. Here, we report a case of advanced ICC that was successfully treated with apatinib, a new oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets the intracellular domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2.

Human papillomavirus as a potential risk factor for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of 1,917 cases.

Background: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are causally associated with the tumorigenesis of several classes of cancers. However, the prevalence of HPV in gastric cancer (GC) has not yet been systematically reviewed. Hence, a meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the HPV prevalence in patients with GC, and its potential etiologic significance was assessed.

A quantum dot-spore nanocomposite pH sensor.

A new quantum dot (QD)-based pH sensor design is investigated. The sensor is synthesized based on the self-assembly of green QDs onto treated spores to form QD@spore nanocomposites. The nanocomposites are characterized using laser scanning confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscope, and fluorescence spectroscopy, among others.

Downregulation of toll-like receptor 4 induces suppressive effects on hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma via ERK1/2 signaling.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor which can lead to development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) downregulation on the growth and survival of HBV-related HCC cells and to examine the molecular mechanisms been involved.

Methods: The expression levels of TLR4 were examined in a panel of HCC cell lines (HepG2, SMMC7721, Huh7, HepG2.