Blue light pollution induces dry eye by damaging conjunctival stem cells through cAMP-PKA-Pax6 signaling pathway.

Purpose: Blue light exposure constitutes a risk factor for dry eye. The research explores the influence of conjunctival stem cells (CjSCs) by blue light, elucidating the pathogenesis of blue light-induced dry eye.

Materials And Methods: Primary SD rat CjSCs and rats were irradiated with blue light at 460 nm.

Prognostic and immune microenvironment analysis of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs in human pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Emerging evidence implicates cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumor progression, though their roles in pancreatic cancer remain unexplored. To identify cuproptosis-linked lncRNAs in pancreatic cancer, RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were evaluated.

Fundus blood flow density changes in the smoking population by artificial intelligence-based optical coherence tomography angiography.

Aim: To determine whether chronic smoking affects fundus blood flow density using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) based on artificial intelligence (AI).

Methods: All participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination in this study. The subjects were categorized into two groups: control and smoker.

Unlocking synergy between multi-valence rhodium species for promoted methanol photoreforming.

Solar-powered photocatalytic methanol dehydrogenation to produce hydrogen (H) and formaldehyde provides a promising approach for storable H fuel without carbon emissions. However, the different properties of C-H and O-H bonds in methanol molecules make it challenging to cleave both bonds effectively on a single catalytic active site during the methanol dehydrogenation process. This work proposes a strategy that constructs multi-valence metal species in the co-catalyst to address this challenge.

A phosphoprotein gene RT-qPCR assay for detecting all lineages of peste des petits ruminants virus.

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious disease caused by peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). PPRV is classified into four lineages based on the nucleocapsid (N) or fusion (F) genes. We established a TaqMan quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay using a pair of primers and a probe based on the phosphoprotein (P) gene.

Detection of Lineage IV Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus by RT-qPCR Assay via Targeting the Hemagglutinin Gene.

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) has been classified into four lineages based on the nucleocapsid and fusion genes, with lineage IV strains being the most widely distributed. In Africa, recent epidemiological data revealed that PPRV lineage IV is increasingly displacing other lineages in prevalence, suggesting a competitive advantage in viral transmission and adaptability. Moreover, a lineage IV strain was the only confirmed strain in Europe and Asia.

Hydrogen Bonds Induced Sabatier Phenomenon for Amorphous IrO in Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

The Sabatier principle, which optimizes electrocatalyst design by balancing intermediate adsorption and desorption, typically manifests as a volcano trend in catalytic activity. Here, we introduce a hydrogen-bond-induced Sabatier phenomenon that enables the design of highly efficient Ir-based electrocatalysts. The optimized amorphous IrO catalyst achieves a high mass activity of 1741 A g, a 27-fold improvement over commercial IrO (64 A g), alongside a durability (S-number: 1.

Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of endogenous endophthalmitis.

Purpose: To evaluate surgical outcomes and prognostic factors related to visual acuity (VA) in endogenous endophthalmitis (EKE).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with EKE who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Patients were divided into two groups based on the best-corrected VA (BCVA).

Analysis of the migration patterns of sand particles below the screw pump in wells based on experiments and numerical simulations.

To enhance the sand particle migration capability in shale oil well progressive cavity pumps, it is essential to analyze the particle migration patterns in perforated well sections. A coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics and Discrete Element Method was employed to numerically simulate sand flow characteristics in wellbores, investigating the impacts of water content, flow rate, particle size, and pump tail pipe depth on particle migration. The study revealed sand migration patterns and established a full-scale experimental setup for sub-pump particle migration, conducting solid-liquid two-phase flow experiments to examine engineering impacts of pump tail pipe depth.

Diagnostic and prognostic values of serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 expression in cervical cancer.

Objective: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 (IGFBP4) is lowly expressed in cervical cancer (CC) cells. However, it remains unclear about its expression and diagnostic and prognostic values in CC. Therefore, this research probed the serum expression of IGFBP4 in CC patients and its diagnostic and prognostic values.

Assessment of retinal and choroidal microcirculatory alterations following radiofrequency catheter ablation in atrial fibrillation patients using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.

Purpose: This study employed swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) to explore potential hemodynamic alterations in the retina and choroid following radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: A total of 58 eyes from 32 patients were included, with SS-OCTA examinations conducted preoperatively and 1 day postoperatively. The evaluated parameters encompassed vessel density (VD) of the superficial vascular complex (SVC), VD of the deep vascular complex (DVC), choroidal vascular index (CVI), choroidal thickness (CT), thickness of the superficial retinal layer (SRL), and thickness of the deeper retinal layer (DRL).

Switch-like gene expression modulates disease risk.

While switch-like gene expression ("on" in some individuals and "off" in others) has been linked to biological variation and disease susceptibility, a systematic analysis across tissues is lacking. Here, we analyze genomes, transcriptomes, and methylomes from 943 individuals across 27 tissues, identifying 473 switch-like genes. The identified genes are enriched for associations with cancers and immune, metabolic, and skin diseases.

Engineering a Meltable MOF to Tune Liquid Transition and Promote Coenzyme Regeneration.

Modulating the liquid phase of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) presents new opportunities for functionalizing glassy MOFs, expanding the fundamental science and practical application for this emerging family of materials. Herein, we report the fabrication of a bimetallic glassy MOF via a liquid-liquid transition process. This is achieved by introducing a robust Schiff base-cobalt functional group into Zn-ZIF-62, which attracts negatively charged imidazolate ligands, facilitating low-temperature melting.

Establishment and Implementation of the Point-of-Care RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas13a Diagnostic Test for Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O in Pigs.

Foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly pathogenic virus that mainly infects cloven hooved animals, such as pigs. The establishment of a rapid, sensitive and accurate point-of-care detection method is critical for the timely identification and elimination of infected pigs for controlling this disease. In this study, a RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas13a method was developed for the detection of FMDV serotype O in pigs.

Novel marker genes and small molecule drugs for radiotherapy resistance in cervical cancer identified based on single-cell multi-omics analysis.

Radiotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment for cervical cancer, yet the variability of patient response demands a deeper understanding of the molecular determinants of radioresistance. In this study, we investigated the molecular and cellular mechanisms of radioresistance in cervical cancer through a comprehensive multi-omics and machine learning approach. We downloaded and processed transcriptome sequencing, methylation and single-cell sequencing data from the TCGA and GEO databases.

Sheep serve as amplifying hosts of Japanese encephalitis virus, increasing the risk of human infection.

The transmission cycle of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), involving pigs and birds as amplifying hosts and mosquitoes as vectors, was elucidated in the 1950s. However, factors contributing to this cycle remain unclear. Here, sheep were infected with a JEV strain isolated from sheep exhibiting neurological symptoms.

Phase effect of TiO on surface hydrogen adsorption/desorption in controlling photocatalytic methane conversion.

Identifying the rate-determining step is crucial for designing an effective photocatalytic system. The surface adsorption/desorption behaviour of reactants has received much less attention in photocatalyst design because the charge separation and transfer in the bulk is commonly regarded as a more sluggish process. In this work, we investigate photocatalytic methane (CH) conversion (PMC) on various titanium oxide (TiO) surfaces, including rutile and anatase, and reveal that the influence of surface CH adsorption can outweigh the photogenerated charge separation and transfer.

Environmental and Historical Determinants of African Horse Sickness: Insights from Predictive Modeling.

African horse sickness (AHS) is a viral disease transmitted by arthropods that impacts Equidae, specifically horses and related species. Recognized as a notifiable disease by the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), AHS is associated with a high mortality rate of 80%-90% in susceptible hosts and exhibits rapid transmission dynamics. Historical records document numerous instances of mass horse deaths attributed to AHS, with recent occurrences in Thailand and Malaysia in 2020 causing heightened concerns within the local horse industry.

Homogeneous 2D/3D heterostructured tin halide perovskite photovoltaics.

Tin halide perovskites (THPs) have emerged as promising lead-free candidates for eco-friendly perovskite solar cells, but their photovoltaic performance still lags behind that of lead-based counterparts due to poor thin-film quality. Constructing two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) heterostructures can effectively regulate crystallization and suppress defect formation for developing high-quality THP thin films. However, the high aggregation barrier prevents large 2D perovskite colloids from forming stable clusters, making 2D THPs nucleate more slowly than their 3D analogues.

Value of multi-parameter assessment in predicting antibiotic treatment failure and surgical intervention in pelvic abscess.

Objective: We aimed to develop a predictive model for the failure of antibiotic therapy in patients with pelvic abscesses and to determine the need for surgical intervention.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 368 female patients with pelvic abscesses in the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University between 2014 and 2023. Participants were stratified into two distinct cohorts predicated on their therapeutic responses: those who achieved treatment success following medical intervention, while the second cohort included those who underwent surgical intervention subsequent to medical intervention failure.

Clinical characteristics of patients with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors: a monocentric retrospective analysis.

Purpose: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs) are very rare, highly malignant embryonal neoplasms in central nervous system. The aim of this study was to conduct a retrospective analysis of ATRT patient survival and investigate the prognostic factors associated with ATRT.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using information of patients who received treatment between 2016 and 2021 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital.

Study of sand particle transport characteristics and different critical velocities in sand-producing wells via indoor experiments.

Due to the widespread application of new technologies such as increased production and injection, the output of many old wells has improved, but this has also led to varying degrees of sand production. Increased sand production has affected oil well production, increased equipment wear, wellbore plugging, and safety risks. To increase the sand particle transport performance within wellbores, indoor experiments have been conducted to study the sand transport characteristics, transformation relationships, and critical flow velocities for fluid carrying sand.

AMPK in Chemoradiotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis.

Background: Oral mucositis (OM) is a prevalent adverse effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, significantly impacting cancer patients' well-being and potentially increasing mortality rates. Understanding OM's pathogenesis and identifying effective preventative and therapeutic agents are clinically crucial.

Methods: This study analyzed RNA-Seq data from the GEO database, focusing on OM samples post-radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Acyl-CoA thioesterase 8 induces gemcitabine resistance via regulation of lipid metabolism and antiferroptotic activity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) comprises a group of highly malignant tumors of the pancreas. Metabolic reprogramming in tumors plays a pivotal role in promoting cancer progression. However, little is known about the metabolic alterations in tumors that drive cancer drug resistance in patients with PDAC.

ASFV p30 interacts with CCAR2 and MATR3 to promote ASFV replication.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). Currently, effective vaccines are not available for the prevention and control of ASF. ASFV is susceptible to mutations as it has a large genome and encodes numerous proteins.