Blue light pollution induces dry eye by damaging conjunctival stem cells through cAMP-PKA-Pax6 signaling pathway.

Purpose: Blue light exposure constitutes a risk factor for dry eye. The research explores the influence of conjunctival stem cells (CjSCs) by blue light, elucidating the pathogenesis of blue light-induced dry eye.

Materials And Methods: Primary SD rat CjSCs and rats were irradiated with blue light at 460 nm.

Flexible Deep-Brain Probe for High-Fidelity Multi-Scale Recording of Epileptic Network Dynamics.

Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder characterized by abnormal neural synchronization and interactions between local foci and global brain networks during seizures. Understanding seizure mechanisms across multiple scales is essential for advancing our understanding of epileptic network dynamics and guiding personalized treatment strategies. However, neural recording technologies are limited by insufficient spatial resolution, signal fidelity, and the inability to simultaneously capture network- and cellular-level dynamics.

Assessment of retinal and choroidal microcirculatory alterations following radiofrequency catheter ablation in atrial fibrillation patients using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.

Purpose: This study employed swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) to explore potential hemodynamic alterations in the retina and choroid following radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: A total of 58 eyes from 32 patients were included, with SS-OCTA examinations conducted preoperatively and 1 day postoperatively. The evaluated parameters encompassed vessel density (VD) of the superficial vascular complex (SVC), VD of the deep vascular complex (DVC), choroidal vascular index (CVI), choroidal thickness (CT), thickness of the superficial retinal layer (SRL), and thickness of the deeper retinal layer (DRL).

Exploring the Active Ingredients and Core Targets of Erxia Decoction in the Treatment of Sleep Disorder by Integration of Network Pharmacology and Proteomics.

Aims: For clarifying the "multi genes and multi targets" characteristic of the treatment of Erxia Decoction (EXD), the aim of this study was to employ network pharmacology technology to perform cluster analysis on selected EXD targets.

Background: EXD, a famous Chinese herbal prescription, consisting of Pinelliae Rhizoma (PR) and Prunellae Spica (PS), was mainly used to treat sleep disorder (SLD).

Objective: Using network pharmacology combined with proteomics to find out the main active components and core targets of EXD in the treatment of SLD.

Application and Output Performance Comparison of Janus and Traditional Transition Metal Chalcogenides in Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Lasers.

Janus transition metal disulfide (TMD) monolayers have two distinct carbon surfaces that break the inherent ground external mirror symmetry. When compared to traditional TMD materials, Janus TMDs not only inherit the advantages of traditional TMDs but also have new characteristics that are different from those of traditional TMDs. This paper describes the development of a stable passive Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) with operating wavelengths of 1032.

Selectively targeting the AdipoR2-CaM-CaMKII-NOS3 axis by SCM-198 as a rapid-acting therapy for advanced acute liver failure.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a hepatology emergency with rapid hepatic destruction, multiple organ failures, and high mortality. Despite decades of research, established ALF has minimal therapeutic options. Here, we report that the small bioactive compound SCM-198 increases the survival of male ALF mice to 100%, even administered 24 hours after ALF establishment.

Ultraflexible Neural Electrodes Enabled Synchronized Long-Term Dopamine Detection and Wideband Chronic Recording Deep in Brain.

Ultraflexible neural electrodes have shown superior stability compared with rigid electrodes in long-term recordings, owing to their low mechanical mismatch with brain tissue. It is desirable to detect neurotransmitters as well as electrophysiological signals for months in brain science. This work proposes a stable electronic interface that can simultaneously detect neural electrical activity and dopamine concentration deep in the brain.

Silk fibroin-based bioelectronic devices for high-sensitivity, stable, and prolonged in vivo recording.

Silk fibroin, recognized for its biocompatibility and modifiable properties, has significant potential in bioelectronics. Traditional silk bioelectronic devices, however, face rapid functional losses in aqueous or in vivo environments due to high water absorption of silk fibroin, which leads to expansion, structural damage, and conductive failure. In this study, we developed a novel approach by creating oriented crystallization (OC) silk fibroin through physical modification of the silk protein.

Tissue/Organ Adaptable Bioelectronic Silk-Based Implants.

Implantable bioelectronic devices, designed for both monitoring and modulating living organisms, require functional and biological adaptability. Pure silk is innovatively employed, which is known for its excellent biocompatibility, to engineer water-triggered, geometrically reconfigurable membranes, on which functions can be integrated by Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) techniques and specially functionalized silk. These devices can undergo programmed shape deformations within 10 min once triggered by water, and thus establishing stable bioelectronic interfaces with natively fitted geometries.

Optimal dose and type of exercise to improve depressive symptoms in older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Depression is a prevalent issue among older adults, affecting their quality of life and overall well-being. Exercise is an effective means of relieving depressive symptoms in older adults, but the optimal dose for different exercise types remains unclear. As such, the aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the dose-response relationship between overall and specific types of exercise with depression symptoms in older adults.

Advanced nerve regeneration enabled by neural conformal electronic stimulators enhancing mitochondrial transport.

Addressing peripheral nerve defects remains a significant challenge in regenerative neurobiology. Autografts emerged as the gold-standard management, however, are hindered by limited availability and potential neuroma formation. Numerous recent studies report the potential of wireless electronic system for nerve defects repair.

Ultraflexible PEDOT:PSS/IrO-Modified Electrodes: Applications in Behavioral Modulation and Neural Signal Recording in Mice.

Recent advancements in neural probe technology have become pivotal in both neuroscience research and the clinical management of neurological disorders. State-of-the-art developments have led to the advent of multichannel, high-density bidirectional neural interfaces that are adept at both recording and modulating neuronal activity within the central nervous system. Despite this progress, extant bidirectional probes designed for simultaneous recording and stimulation are beset with limitations, including elicitation of inflammatory responses and insufficient charge injection capacity.

Saturable absorption properties and ultrafast photonics applications of HfS.

In this Letter, we focus on investigating the ultrafast photonics applications of two-layer HfS nanosheets. We prepared two-layer HfS nanosheets and carried out experiments to study their nonlinear saturable absorption properties. The results showed that the two-layer HfS-based saturable absorber exhibited a modulation depth of 16.

Soliton interaction in a MXene-based mode-locked fiber laser.

MXenes are a class of two-dimensional layered structure ternary metal carbide or/and nitride materials. Recently, the MXene VCT has demonstrated excellent long-term stability, strong saturable absorption, and fast optical-switching capability, used to generate Q-switched and ultrashort pulsed lasers. However, bound-state fiber lasers based on VCT have not been reported yet.

A mosquito mouthpart-like bionic neural probe.

Advancements in microscale electrode technology have revolutionized the field of neuroscience and clinical applications by offering high temporal and spatial resolution of recording and stimulation. Flexible neural probes, with their mechanical compliance to brain tissue, have been shown to be superior to rigid devices in terms of stability and longevity in chronic recordings. Shuttle devices are commonly used to assist flexible probe implantation; however, the protective membrane of the brain still makes penetration difficult.

Chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer-based multistage nucleic acid amplification circuits for MiRNA detection with low background.

Chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET)-based assays have shown great potential in biosensing due to their negligible background autofluorescence, yet are still limited by their low sensitivity and short half-life luminescence. Herein, a multistage CRET-based DNA circuit was constructed with amplified luminescence signals for accurate miRNA detection and fixed reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals for cell imaging. The DNA circuit is designed through an ingenious programmable catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), hybridization chain reaction (HCR), and the use of DNAzyme to realize target-triggered precise regulation of distance between the donor and acceptor for CRET-mediated excitation of photosensitizers.

Chromium oxide film for Q-switched and mode-locked pulse generation.

Chromium oxide (CrO) is a promising material used in the applications such as photoelectrochemical devices, photocatalysis, magnetic random access memory, and gas sensors. But, its nonlinear optical characteristics and applications in ultrafast optics have not been studied yet. This study prepares a microfiber decorated with a CrO film via magnetron sputtering deposition and examines its nonlinear optical characteristics.

A silk-based self-adaptive flexible opto-electro neural probe.

The combination of optogenetics and electrophysiological recording enables high-precision bidirectional interactions between neural interfaces and neural circuits, which provides a promising approach for the study of progressive neurophysiological phenomena. Opto-electrophysiological neural probes with sufficient flexibility and biocompatibility are desirable to match the low mechanical stiffness of brain tissue for chronic reliable performance. However, lack of rigidity poses challenges for the accurate implantation of flexible neural probes with less invasiveness.

Acid-improved DNAzyme-based chemiluminescence miRNA assay coupled with enzyme-free concatenated DNA circuit.

DNAzyme-based chemiluminescence assay exhibits excellent performance in bioanalysis but their operation in acid conditions remains challengeable. Herein, we constructed an acid-improved DNAzyme-based isothermal enzyme-free concatenated DNA circuit with significantly reduced background and simultaneously improved signal-to-noise ratio for miRNA detection. The chemiluminescence miRNA assay is composed of catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA), hybridization chain reaction (HCR), and hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme units.

Utilization of Nonradiative Excited-State Dissipation for Promoted Phototheranostics Based on an AIE-Active Type I ROS Generator.

As for effective multimodal phototheranostic AIEgens, it is important to find strategies for manipulating photophysical dissipation to achieve optimized performance. Herein, a "all-in-one" phototheranostic AIEgen, ()-3-(2-(2-(5-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)vinyl)naphtho[1,2-]thiazol-1-ium-1-yl)propane-1-sulfonate (NS-STPA) was constructed by a rigid coplanar grafting flexible rotor. NS-STPA nanoparticles (NPs) exhibited NIR fluorescent luminescence (FL) with φ 2.

Intelligent Tumor Microenvironment-Activated Multifunctional Nanoplatform Coupled with Turn-on and Always-on Fluorescence Probes for Imaging-Guided Cancer Treatment.

Intrinsic tumor microenvironment (TME)-related therapeutic resistance and nontumor-specific imaging have limited the application of imaging-guided cancer therapy. Herein, a TME-responsive MnO-based nanoplatform coupled with turn-on and always-on fluorescence probes was designed through a facile biomineralization method for imaging-guided photodynamic/chemodynamic/photothermal therapy (PDT/CDT/PTT). After the tumor-targeting delivery of the AuNCs@MnO-ICG@AS1411 (AMIT) nanoplatform via aptamer AS1411, the TME-responsive dissociation of MnO generated sufficient O and Mn with the consumption of GSH for improving PDT efficacy and Fenton-like reaction-mediated CDT.

Activation of the Melanocortin-4 receptor signaling by α-MSH stimulates nerve-dependent mouse digit regeneration.

Background: Expression of Mc4r in peripheral organs indicates it has broader roles in organ homeostasis and regeneration. However, the expression and function of Mc4r in the mouse limb and digit has not been fully investigated. Our previous work showed that Mc4r-/- mice fail to regenerate the digit, but whether activation of MC4R signaling could rescue digit regeneration, or stimulate proximal digit regeneration is not clear.

A neuronal wiring platform through microridges for rationally engineered neural circuits.

Precisely engineered neuronal circuits are promising for both fundamental research and clinical applications. However, randomly plating thousands of cells during neural network fabrication remains a major technical obstacle, which often results in a loss of tracking in neurons' identities. In this work, we demonstrated an accurate and unique neural wiring technique, mimicking neurons' natural affinity to microfibers.