Nanocomposite biosensor tracks honokiol-induced oxidative stress dynamics in 3D hydrogel-cultured lung cancer cells.

In cancer cells, higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) than normal cells were observed due to hypermetabolism. The redox balance in cancer cells relies on accordingly upregulated antioxidant capacity. By manipulating oxidation and antioxidant systems, chemotherapeutic drugs can selectively kill cancer cells without hurting normal cells.

Diagnostic value of hsa_circ_0012138 in the chronic progression of obstructive nephropathy.

Background: Obstructive nephropathy (ON) is caused by obstruction of urine flow, featured with progressive renal dysfunction and progressing into chronic kidney disease. There is still controversy whether to remove the kidney or simply relieve obstruction in patients with late diagnosis. Reliable biomarker is needed for predicting renal function reversibility in ON patients.

A hydrogel vascular closure device for hemostasis after transfemoral intervention: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: In this randomized controlled trial we aim to validate the efficacy and safety of a hydrogel vascular closure device (VCD) for hemostasis after transfemoral intervention.

Methods: Between January and August 2023, 212 patients were enrolled, including 202 in a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial (1:1 hydrogel vs ExoSeal; prespecified margin -10%) and 10 in a hydrogel-only observational arm (8 F). The primary endpoint was device success rate and secondary endpoints including hemostasis time and procedural blood loss.

Full-scale performances of the slab track subgrade filled with basalt fiber-reinforced foamed concrete.

Foamed concrete has been used to address the issue of differential settlement in high-speed railway subgrades in China. However, to enhance crack resistance, reinforcement is still necessary, and further research is required to better understand the performance of foamed concrete in subgrade applications. To this end, a series of tests-including uniaxial compressive and dynamic triaxial tests-were conducted to comprehensively examine the effects of basalt fiber reinforcement on the mechanical properties of foamed concrete with densities of 700 and 1000 kg/m.

Hessian-Aware Zeroth-Order Optimization.

Zeroth-order optimization algorithms recently emerge as a popular research theme in optimization and machine learning, playing important roles in many deep-learning related tasks such as black-box adversarial attack, deep reinforcement learning, as well as hyper-parameter tuning. Mainstream zeroth-order optimization algorithms, however, concentrate on exploiting zeroth-order-estimated first-order gradient information of the objective landscape. In this paper, we propose a novel meta-algorithm called Hessian-Aware Zeroth-Order (ZOHA) optimization algorithm, which utilizes several canonical variants of zeroth-order-estimated second-order Hessian information of the objective: power-method-based, and Gaussian-smoothing-based.

MView: A pre- and post-processing tool for quantum chemistry calculation.

A user-friendly graphical interface software named MView has been developed for molecular data processing. Featuring an intuitive graphical user interface design, MView enables analysis and visualization of quantum chemistry results, including molecular dimensions, thermochemical parameters, vibrational spectra (infrared/Raman), UV-Vis spectra, and automated generation of scan task input files. The software simplifies the workflow by directly analyzing output from mainstream computational packages (Gaussian, ORCA, DMol3, CP2K, xtb, etc.

Enhancing the stability and heavy metal immobilization of co-pyrolysis biochar through biomass and red mud co-pyrolysis: A synergistic mechanism.

In the research on the preparation of biochar from co-pyrolysis of red mud (RM) and biomass, the synergistic mechanism of immobilizing heavy metals (HMs) and enhancing the stability of biochar is seldom reported. In this study, the effects of different mass ratios of corn stalks (CS) and RM (9:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1) and pyrolysis temperatures (300 °C, 450 °C, 600 °C) on the physicochemical properties, carbon stability, HMs speciation, and their potential risks were investigated. Furthermore, the mechanism of the co-pyrolysis process to enhance biochar stability and facilitate transformation of HMs speciation was analyzed.

The joint effects of inflammation and renal function status on in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis.

Objective: We aimed to determine the predictive value of renal function status [estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)] in conjunction with inflammatory biomarkers [white blood cell(WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP)] for in-hospital outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT).

Methods: We retrospectively screened a total of 409 AIS patients treated with IVT. The study participants were classified into two groups according to post-stroke pneumonia or functional outcome.

F-FAPI-42 PET/CT enhances the diagnostic efficacy for peritoneal metastasis of colorectal cancer and guides treatment decisions: an original retrospective study.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third-most common type of cancer. When peritoneal metastasis (PM) develops, diagnosing metastatic lesions is difficult and the prognosis is poor. This study aimed to compare the value of fluorine-18 fibroblast activation protein-specific inhibitor (F-FAPI-42) and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for detecting PM of colorectal cancer and to guide clinical decision-making.

Outcomes of stenting after failed basilar artery thrombectomy for acute stroke: a nationwide registry-based cohort study.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy is the most effective treatment for restoring reperfusion in large vessel occlusion acute ischaemic stroke, even in patients with posterior circulation. However, the strategy for optimal treatment of patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) in difficult-to-treat cases in which thrombectomy has failed is unknown.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of rescue intracranial stenting (RIS) in patients with acute BAO treated with thrombectomy.

Association between fibrinogen and white matter lesions and cerebral atrophy in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Inflammation is a potential mechanism underlying the development of white matter lesions (WMLs) and cerebral atrophy. We aimed to investigate the relationship of fibrinogen levels with WMLs and cerebral atrophy in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: A total of 701 AIS patients were enrolled.

Associations between Earlobe Creases and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Small Vessel Disease Markers in a Chinese Cohort of Patients with Ischemic Stroke.

Introduction: The association between earlobe crease (ELC) and cerebral small vessel disease, including white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and brain atrophy, is unclear, especially in the setting of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Here, we aimed to investigate the association between ELC and WMHs as well as brain atrophy among AIS patients.

Methods: A total of 730 AIS patients from China were enrolled.

Isolation and characterization of a novel Bacillus cereus bacteriophage vBce-DP7.

Foodborne pathogens have become a major concern for public health. Bacillus cereus, a representative foodborne pathogen, is particularly challenging due to its ability to cause food poisoning and its resilient spores that are difficult to completely eradicate. Therefore, it is crucial to develop measures to prevent and control B.

Microstructure Evolution of Reactive Polyurethane Films During In Situ Polyaddition and Film-Formation Processes.

Due to the advantages of low energy consumption, no air and water pollutions, the reactive polyurethane films (RPUFs) are replacing the solvated and waterborne PUFs nowadays, which significantly promotes the green and low-carbon production of PU films. However, the microstructure evolution and in situ film-formation mechanism of RPUFs in solvent-free media are still unclear. Herein, according to time-temperature equivalence principle, the in situ polyaddition and film-formation processes of RPUFs generated by the typical polyaddition of diisocyanate terminated prepolymer (component B) and polyether glycol (component A) are thoroughly investigated at 25 °C.

Nomogram to Predict 90-Day All-Cause Mortality in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients after Endovascular Thrombectomy.

Objective: Although Endovascular Thrombectomy (EVT) significantly improves the prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusion, the mortality rate remains higher. This study aimed to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting 90-day all-cause mortality in AIS patients with large vessel occlusion and who have undergone EVT.

Methods: AIS patients with large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation who underwent EVT from May 2017 to December 2022 were included.

STUB1 exacerbates calcium oxalate-induced kidney injury by modulating reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular autophagy via regulating CFTR ubiquitination.

The formation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals in the kidneys leads to renal epithelial damage and the progression of crystalline nephropathy. This study investigated the role of STIP1 homology and U-box protein 1 (STUB1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride channel, in CaOx-related renal damage and autophagy regulation. HK-2 cells were treated with various doses of CaOx monohydrate (COM) to simulate kidney injury in vitro.

Steering Electron-Induced Surface Reaction via a Molecular Assembly Approach.

Electrons not only serve as a "reactant" in redox reactions but also play a role in "catalyzing" some chemical processes. Despite the significance and ubiquitousness of electron-induced chemistry, many related scientific issues still await further exploration, among which is the impact of molecular assembly. In this work, microscopic insights into the vital role of molecular assembly in tweaking the electron-induced surface chemistry are unfolded by combined scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory studies.

High-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of the Northern Pacific sea star Asterias amurensis.

Asterias amurensis, a starfish species that is native to countries such as China and Japan, as well as non-native regions like Australia, has raised serious concerns in terms of its impact on ecology and economy. To gain a better understanding of its population genomics and dynamics, we successfully assembled a high-quality chromosome-level genome of A. amurensis using PacBio and Hi-C sequencing technologies.

A real-time field bus architecture for multi-smart-motor servo system.

The multi-motor servo system (MMSS) is an electro-mechanical system widely used in various fields, including electric vehicles, robotics, and industrial machinery. Depending on the application, the number of motors in the system can range from several dozens to tens of thousands, which imposes additional communication demands. Thus, ensuring synchronization and control precision of the system requires addressing the challenge of guaranteeing the performance and reliability of communication among motors in the MMSS.

Full-Scale Experimental and Field Investigations into Expansion Mechanism of Foamed Polyurethane and its Lifting Behaviors for Repair and Maintenance of Railway Slab Track Systems.

Excessive settlement of the subgrade seriously reduces the service quality of slab tracks and threatens trains' running safety. While the utilization of foamed polyurethane is recognized as an effective solution, previous research on its expansion mechanism and its impact on track lifting requires further refinement. Accordingly, a series of full-scale tests, including expansion force tests on foamed polyurethane with diverse qualities and lifting tests of polyurethane grouting with varied qualities on the track structure, have been conducted.

The value of CT shape quantification in predicting pathological classification of lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To evaluate whether quantification of lung GGN shape is useful in predicting pathological categorization of lung adenocarcinoma and guiding the clinic.

Methods: 98 patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma were pathologically confirmed and CT was performed preoperatively, and all lesions were pathologically ≤ 30 mm in size. On CT images, we measured the maximum area of the lesion's cross-section (MA).

Finite Element Analysis of the Effect for Different Thicknesses and Stitching Densities under the Low-Velocity Impact of Stitched Composite Laminates.

In this study, a progressive damage model was developed for the mechanical response and damage evolution of carbon fiber stitched composite laminates under low-velocity impact (LVI). The three-dimensional Hashin and Hou failure criteria were used to identify fiber and matrix damage. The cohesive zone model was adopted to simulate the delamination damage, combined with the linear degradation discounting of the equivalent displacement method to characterize the stiffness degradation of the material, and the corresponding user material subroutine VUMAT was coded.

Fast Adversarial Training With Adaptive Step Size.

While adversarial training and its variants have shown to be the most effective algorithms to defend against adversarial attacks, their extremely slow training process makes it hard to scale to large datasets like ImageNet. The key idea of recent works to accelerate adversarial training is to substitute multi-step attacks (e.g.

Visual analysis of lung neuroendocrine tumors based on CiteSpace knowledge graph.

Objective: The relevant literatures in the field of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor were analyzed to understand the lineage, hot spots and development trends of research in this tumor.

Method: The Web of Science core collection was searched for English-language literature about neuroendocrine tumors of the lung published between 2000 and 2022. CiteSpace software was imported for visualization analysis of countries, institutions, co-cited authors and co-cited journals and sorting of high-frequency keywords, as well as co-cited references and keyword co-occurrence, clustering and bursting display.