Effective doses of alfentanil combined with propofol for gastroscopy in patients of different ages under Narcotrend monitoring: a prospective dose-finding study utilizing the up-and-down sequential allocation method.

Background: Painless gastroscopy is preferred by both patients and physicians, as it minimizes discomfort during the procedure. Alfentanil, a short-acting opioid analgesic, possesses pharmacological properties that make it suitable for inducing analgesia during gastroscopy. However, research on the optimal dosage of alfentanil when used in combination with propofol for gastroscopy is limited.

A novel mycotoxin-degrading enzyme complex can biodegrade AFB, DON, and ZEN co-contamination in both in vitro and in vivo experiments.

A novel mycotoxin-degrading enzyme complex (MDE), developed via a microcapsule coating process and containing three degrading enzymes, exhibits the ability to biodegrade aflatoxin B (AFB), deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of MDE against AFB, DON, and ZEN through in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro simulated digestion experiments revealed that the MDE degraded the concentrations of AFB, DON, and ZEN by 76.

The Impact of UVC Light on Indoor Air Chemistry: A Modeling Study.

Germicidal ultraviolet light (GUV) is gaining attention for air disinfection, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic. GUV air cleaning devices use 222 or 254 nm light to remove airborne and surface pathogens from indoor environments, although their impact on indoor chemistry has received limited attention. This modeling study investigates the impact of GUV light on indoor air pollutant concentrations.

Promoting Zn Interfacial Transfer and (002)-Textured Zn Deposition via a Thin AlF Layer for Stable Zn Electrode in Aqueous Battery.

Suppressing zinc (Zn) dendrite and corrosion is a crucial challenge for aqueous Zn batteries (AZBs). An aluminum (Al) protective layer can regulate Zn deposition by enhancing Zn interfacial transfer through the Zn-Al alloy, which however suffers from the sensitive passivation by AlO. While employing a thick Al layer may preserve the Zn protective ability despite the surface passivation, it inevitably compromises the energy density of the battery accordingly.

Leveraging artificial intelligence for research and action on climate change: opportunities, challenges, and future directions.

Research and action on climate change (RACC) represent a complex global challenge that requires a systematic and multi-dimensional approach. Although progress has been made, persistent limitations in data processing, modeling, and scenario evaluation continue to hinder further advances. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is emerging as a powerful tool to address these challenges by integrating diverse data sources, enhancing predictive modeling, and supporting evidence-based decision-making.

miR-690 ameliorates hepatic steatosis by targeting NF-KappaB P65 and regulating 15-LOX to induce autophagy in db/db mice.

The objective of this study was to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of miR-690 on hepatic steatosis in db/db mice. Our findings revealed that miR-690 was downregulated in the liver of db/db mice and high-glucose (HG)-treated NCTC1469 cells. In vivo, miR-690 overexpression alleviated hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperinsulinemia, improved liver function, and mitigated steatosis and pathological damage.

Simultaneous Inhibitions of Volume Variation and Water Decomposition via Interwoven Structure of Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Fibers for Stable Zn Electrode.

Heterogeneous volume expansion and water decomposition-induced zinc (Zn) corrosion are two of the main challenges hindering stable Zn electrodes in rechargeable aqueous Zn batteries (AZBs). Herein, an interwoven structure of hydrophilic/hydrophobic fibers is proposed to address the complex issue of Zn electrode, via a self-assembly process of hydrophobic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers and hydrophilic carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs). It is revealed that O-containing groups on the carboxylated CNT clusters can improve the Zn desolvation and transfer kinetics, thereby suppressing co-decomposition of water molecules that are further excluded from the structure by the hydrophobic PET fibers, significantly suppressing hydrogen evolution reactions and Zn corrosions.

Hydroxy-Selenomethionine Supplementation During Gestation and Lactation Improve Reproduction of Sows by Enhancing the Antioxidant Capacity and Immunity Under Heat Stress Conditions.

The objective of this study was to determine whether hydroxy-selenomethionine (OH-SeMet) exerts better protective effects on sows against heat stress than sodium selenite (SeNa) or seleno-yeast (SeY). A total of 60 sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly allocated into the three groups and fed a base diet supplemented with SeNa, SeY, or OH-SeMet at 0.3 mg Se/kg under a heat stress condition for a reproductive cycle.

Hepatoprotective effects of dandelion against AFB-induced liver injury are associated with activation of bile acid-FXR signaling in chicks.

This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of dandelion against AFB-induced hepatotoxicity through the regulation of the FXR signaling pathway in chicks. A total of 144 one-day-old male broilers were randomly assigned to three groups and received a basal diet (BD), and BD supplemented with 0.5 mg/kg of AFB or 0.

Apelin-13 enhances neurofunctional recovery and suppresses neuroinflammation via the SIRT1/NF-κB axis in ischemic stroke.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability, with neuroinflammation driving secondary brain injury. Microglial activation contributes to neuronal apoptosis, BBB disruption, and prolonged neurological deficits. Apelin-13, an endogenous peptide, has demonstrated neuroprotective potential, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear.

Chronic Inflammation and Hearing Loss: Key Biomarkers and Subgroup Differences by Gender and BMI in a National Cohort.

Background: Hearing loss (HL) significantly impacts quality of life and economic status worldwide. Chronic inflammation is suggested to influence hearing, yet the connection with inflammation-related indexes in the general population is not well understood.

Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 7231 adults from six cycles (2005-2012 and 2015-2018) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

The Impact of Preoperative Low-Dose Esketamine and Dexmedetomidine Nasal Administration on the Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Fiber Bronchoscopy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of preoperative low-dose esketamine and dexmedetomidine nasal administration on the incidence of postoperative emergence delirium in children undergoing fiber bronchoscopy.

Methods: A total of 129 patients, of any gender, aged 1 to 6 years, with ASA grades I and II, who were scheduled for fiber bronchoscopy, were randomly divided into three groups (n = 43) using a random number table method: 1.0 mg/kg of esketamine, 1.

Five glutathione S-transferase isozymes played crucial role in the detoxification of aflatoxin B in chicken liver.

Background: AFB-8,9-exo-epoxide (AFBO) is the highly toxic product of Aflatoxin B (AFB). Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play pivotal roles in detoxifying AFB by catalyzing the conjugation of AFBO with glutathione (GSH). Although there are over 20 GST isozymes that have been identified in chicken, GST isozymes involved in the detoxification process of AFB have not been identified yet.

Biomarkers and potential function analysis of triple-negative breast cancer screening based on bioinformatics.

This study aims to identify and validate potential endogenous biomarkers for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC microarray data (GSE38959, GSE53752) were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to evaluate the reliability of the data. The microarray datasets were merged, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using R software.

Progress on diagnosis and treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Since the emergence of COVID-19 in December 2019, the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus has primarily affected adults, with children representing a smaller proportion of cases. However, the escalation of the pandemic has led to a notable increase in pediatric cases of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). The pathogenesis of MIS-C is largely attributed to immune-mediated mechanisms, such as cytokine storms and endothelial damage, following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

NLRP3 deficiency aggravated DNFB-induced chronic itch by enhancing type 2 immunity IL-4/TSLP-TRPA1 axis in mice.

Background: The nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) has been implicated in various skin diseases. However, its role in mediating 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced chronic itch remains unclear.

Methods: Widetype () and deletion ( )mice, the expression of transient receptor potential (TRP) ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) inhibitor or recombinant mice interleukin-18 (IL-18) were used to establish and evaluate the severity of DNFB-mediated chronic itch.

A novel zearalenone lactonase can effectively mitigate zearalenone-induced reproductive toxicity in gilts.

Zymdetox Z-2000 is a novel zearalenone (ZEN) lactonase produced by Bacillus subtilis that can biodegrade ZEN to hydrolyzed ZEN and decarboxylated hydrolyzed ZEN with much lower estrogenic activity. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Zymdetox Z-2000 in mitigating the adverse effects of ZEN on the growth performance and reproductive health of gilts. A total of 80 crossbred Landrace × Yorkshire gilts (9.

Comprehensive cultivation of the broiler gut microbiota guides bacterial isolation from chickens.

Chicken gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining their physiological health. However, the cultivability of chicken gut microbiota is not well understood, limiting the exploration of certain key gut bacteria in regulating intestinal health and nutritional metabolism. This study aimed to examine the cultivability of chicken cecal microbiota and to provide guidance for future chicken gut microbiota cultivation.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor a Promotes Chronic Itch via VEGFA-VEGFR2-PI3K-TRPV1 Axis in Allergic Contact Dermatitis.

Introduction: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), a prevalent skin disorder affecting up to 20% of the population, triggers significant discomfort and health implications. Our research investigates the pivotal role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) in chronic itching associated with ACD.

Methods: Bioinformatics methods were utilized to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ACD models and patients.

Lipid metabolism and hearing loss: association of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) with adolescent hearing health.

Background: The ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHHR) is a novel lipid measure for assessing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Lipid metabolism disorders are reportedly associated with hearing impairment. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between NHHR and hearing.

Clinical insights into tuberculosis otitis media: diagnosis, treatment, and management outcomes.

Objectives: The diagnosis of tuberculosis otitis media (TBOM) remains a great challenge. This study aims to suggest potential diagnostic clues and proper management of TBOM.

Methods: The study is a retrospective review of TBOM cases that were treated at our department, between January 2015 and June 2023.

Improving the Performance of LiNiCoMnO via Ti& Nb Co-Modifications.

Ni-rich layer-structured materials are some of the most promising cathodes owing to their attractive reversible capacity and cost-effectiveness. When the Ni content is increased to 90% and higher, mechanical deterioration becomes serious and leads to accelerated cyclic degradation, since removable Li is ∼0.85, accompanied by large lattice variation during operation.