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Article Abstract
Ni-rich layer-structured materials are some of the most promising cathodes owing to their attractive reversible capacity and cost-effectiveness. When the Ni content is increased to 90% and higher, mechanical deterioration becomes serious and leads to accelerated cyclic degradation, since removable Li is ∼0.85, accompanied by large lattice variation during operation. Here, we investigate the influences of Ti bulky substitution, Nb surface treatment, and their coutilization on the behavior of LiNiCoMnO (NCM92). In contrast to the limited positive effects of monousage, the coutilization of Ti and Nb obviously suppresses particles' pulverization, relying on their synergistic effects of the shape of lattice variation and the protection of a tough shell layer. As a result, Ti & Nb-LiNiCoMnO (TiNb-NCM92) presents the best capacity retention, as high as 90.2% after 300 cycles, much higher than NCM92 (49.0%), Ti-NCM92 (76.3%), and Nb-NCM92 (72.4%). Our approaches demonstrate that the serious mechanical challenges of ultrahigh nickel cathodes could be alleviated by various remedies coutilized together.
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