β-Hydroxybutyrate Facilitates Homeostasis of Hypoxic Endothelial Cells After Myocardial Infarction via Histone Lysine β-Hydroxybutyrylation of CPT1A.

Myocardial infarction (MI) initiates a robust angiogenic response crucial for tissue repair. β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is an essential circulating metabolite, and its role in angiogenesis under pathological conditions remains unclear. We evaluated the coronary collateral circulation in 114 patients with MI and investigated its correlation with serum BHB levels.

Synthesis of Low-Defect Iron-Based Prussian Blue with Low Water Content for High-Stability Sodium-Ion Batteries.

This study proposes an innovative two-step synthesis strategy to significantly enhance the performance of sodium-ion batteries by developing low-defect, low water content iron-based Prussian blue (PB) materials. Addressing the limitations of traditional co-precipitation methods-such as rapid reaction rates leading to excessive crystal defects and interstitial water content-the research team introduced a synergistic approach combining non-aqueous phase precursor synthesis and controlled water-concentration secondary crystallization. The process involves preparing a PB precursor in a glycerol system, followed by secondary crystallization in a water-/ethanol-mixed solvent with a precisely regulated water content, achieving the dual objectives of water content reduction and crystal morphology optimization.

Status of thyroid surgery-related medical disputes in China.

Background: Thyroid diseases, particularly thyroid cancer, are becoming increasingly prevalent, with surgery remaining one of the primary treatments. However, thyroidectomy may result in complications and medical disputes, but very little research has examined this subject in the Chinese context. The study aims to conduct a retrospective analysis of thyroid surgery-related medical disputes in China, offering insights into conflict resolution and risk avoidance in both legal and medical contexts.

GABAR-PPT1 palmitoylation homeostasis controls synaptic transmission and circuitry oscillation.

The infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, also called CLN1 disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the CLN1 gene encoding palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1). Identifying the depalmitoylation substrates of PPT1 is crucial for understanding CLN1 disease. In this study, we found that GABAR, the critical synaptic protein essential for inhibitory neurotransmission, is a substrate of PPT1.

Novel envelope protein time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay as an alternative in vitro potency assay for quality control of inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccination is the most effective way to prevent JE. Plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) as the standard method for potency testing for inactivated JE vaccine could not provide the exact potency value. Envelope (E) protein of JE virus induces the body to create neutralizing antibodies.

Photoacoustic/ultrasound dual-modality imaging for marker clip localization in neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer.

Significance: To ensure precise tumor localization and subsequent pathological examination, a metal marker clip (MC) is placed within the tumor or lymph node prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. However, as tumors decrease in size following treatment, detecting the MC using ultrasound imaging becomes challenging in some patients. Consequently, a mammogram is often required to pinpoint the MC, resulting in additional radiation exposure, time expenditure, and increased costs.

Synthesis and antibacterial properties of fluorinated biodegradable cationic polyesters.

Antimicrobial peptide-mimicking antibacterial polymers represent a practical strategy to conquer the ever-growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. Herein, we report the syntheses and antibacterial performance of degradable amphiphilic cationic polyesters containing pendent quaternary ammonium motifs and hydrophobic alkyl or fluoroalkyl groups. These polyesters were conveniently prepared from poly(3-methylene-1,5-dioxepan-2-one) highly efficient one-pot successive thiol-Michael addition reactions.

Effects of diabetes mellitus and glycemic traits on cardiovascular morpho-functional phenotypes.

Background: The effects of diabetes on the cardiac and aortic structure and function remain unclear. Detecting and intervening these variations early is crucial for the prevention and management of complications. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging-derived traits are established endophenotypes and serve as precise, early-detection, noninvasive clinical risk biomarkers.

A time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for rapid and precise automatic quality control of human papillomavirus type 68 VLPs in human papillomavirus vaccine.

The effectiveness and necessity of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination to prevent HPV infection and cervical cancer are increasingly recognized by people. The 15-valent HPV vaccine, which protects against almost high-risk types of HPV viruses identified by WHO, has attracted much attention. However, as the valence of vaccines increases, quality control in the HPV vaccine production process is facing more challenges.

TWF1 induces autophagy and accelerates malignant phenotype in lung adenocarcinoma via inhibiting the cAMP signaling pathway.

Many studies have shown that the actin cytoskeleton plays an essential role in the initiation and progression of cancer. As an actin-binding protein, Twinfilin1 (TWF1) plays an important role in regulating cytoskeleton-related functions. However, little is known about the expression and function of TWF1 in human tumors.

A custom-made time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for the quantitation of the host cell protein of Vero in rabies vaccine.

Host cell proteins (HCPs) are the process-specific and inevitable impurities during the manufacture via a host cell, which affect the safety or efficacy of the bio-product. However, the commercial HCP enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits may not apply to specific products such as rabies vaccine from Vero cells. More advanced and process-specific assay methods are needed in the quality control of rabies vaccine throughout the whole manufacturing process.

Enhanced interface stability of ammine magnesium borohydride by decoration of MgBr·2NH nanoparticles.

A novel Mg(BH)·1.9NH-MgBr·2NH composite was demonstrated as a solid-state Mg electrolyte. The decoration of MgBr·2NH nanoparticles with an average size of 3.

Bulk and single-cell characterisation of the immune heterogeneity of atherosclerosis identifies novel targets for immunotherapy.

Background: Immune cells that infiltrate lesions are important for atherosclerosis progression and immunotherapies. This study was aimed at gaining important new insights into the heterogeneity of these cells by integrating the sequencing results of multiple samples and using an enhanced single-cell sequencing workflow to overcome the limitations of a single study.

Results: Integrative analyses identified 28 distinct subpopulations based on gene expression profiles.

Advanced imaging modalities provide new insights into coronary artery calcification.

Coronary calcification plays a major role as a key surrogate measure of plaque burden, providing powerful risk stratification and influencing preventive therapy. Depending on its location and density, microcalcifications may directly result in plaque rupture and adverse clinical events. Although macroscopic calcifications are frequently linked to advanced and stable plaques, the fact that a small number of thrombotic events are caused by plaques that possess a substantial amount of calcification should not be overlooked.

Synthesis and Post-Functionalization of Poly(conjugated ester)s Based on 3-Methylene-1,5-dioxepan-2-one.

Poly(α-methylene ester)s are an attractive type of functional aliphatic polyesters that represent a platform for the fabrication of various biodegradable and biomedical polymers. Herein, we report the controlled ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of a seven-membered α-methylene lactone (3-methylene-1,5-dioxepan-2-one, MDXO) that was synthesized based on the Baylis-Hillman reaction. The chemoselective ROP of MDXO was catalyzed by diphenyl phosphate (DPP) at 60 °C or stannous octoate (Sn(Oct)) at 130 °C, generating α-methylene-containing polyester (PMDXO) with a linear structure and easily tunable molar mass.

Ultrabright nanoparticle-labeled lateral flow immunoassay for detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in human serum.

The level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (NAb) is an indispensable reference for evaluating the acquired protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we established an ultrabright nanoparticles-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for one-step rapid semi-quantitative detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 NAb in vaccinee's serum. Once embedded in polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles, the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen, AIE, exhibited ultrabright fluorescence due to the rigidity of PS and severe inhibition of intramolecular motions.

Dual-color quantum dot-loaded nanoparticles based lateral flow biosensor for the simultaneous detection of gastric cancer markers in a single test line.

A dual-color quantum dots-loaded nanoparticles (QPs) based lateral flow biosensor with single test line has been developed. Red and green emitted QPs were conjugated with antibodies and served as detecting probes in assays respectively, while the mixture of various antibodies were immobilized on nitrocellulose membranes as one detection line. Benefit from eliminating the heterogeneity caused by different position on the membrane, current biosensor achieved higher accuracy comparing with prevalent multi-lines or multi-strips lateral flow systems, which is of great significance for analyzing ratio-related diagnostics.

Europium (III) chelate nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay strips for rapid and quantitative detection of cystatin C in serum.

The concentration of Cys C in the patient's serum can reflect the level of glomerular filtration rate and indicate the occurrence of renal failure. The establishment of a simple and rapid analytical method to quantitatively monitor the concentration of Cys C in serum could help timely detection of renal failure. In this study, we have developed an Eu (III) chelate nanoparticles based lateral flow immunoassay to fulfill real-time monitoring of Cys C concentration in serum within 15 min.

A chemiluminescence immunoassay for precise automatic quality control of glycoprotein in human rabies vaccine.

Currently, quality control of glycoprotein in the human rabies vaccine is based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). However, ELISA does not match the needs of a modernised quality control system. For a long time, human rabies virus vaccine manufacturers have been devoted to seeking a detection platform that is sensitive, accurate, automatic, and feasible for practical applications.

Rapid Monitoring of Vancomycin Concentration in Serum Using Europium (III) Chelate Nanoparticle-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay.

Establishing personalized medication plans for patients to maximize therapeutic efficacy and minimize the toxicity of vancomycin (VAN) requires rapid, simple, and accurate monitoring of VAN concentration in body fluid. In this study, we have developed a simple and rapid analytical method by integrating Eu (III) chelate nanoparticles (CN-EUs) and lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) to achieve the real-time monitoring of VAN concentration in serum within 15 min. This approach was performed on nitrocellulose (NC) membrane assembled LFIA strips via indirect competitive immunoassay and exhibited a wide linear range of detection (0.

Differences in Culprit Lesions Between Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women With Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

Background: Differences in culprit lesion characteristics remain unclear between premenopausal and postmenopausal women with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables high-resolution in vivo identification of plaques. We investigated potential differences in culprit lesions between premenopausal and postmenopausal women with ACS by means of OCT.

Molecular Imaging and Non-molecular Imaging of Atherosclerotic Plaque Thrombosis.

Thrombosis in the context of atherosclerosis typically results in life-threatening consequences, including acute coronary events and ischemic stroke. As such, early detection and treatment of thrombosis in atherosclerosis patients is essential. Clinical diagnosis of thrombosis in these patients is typically based upon a combination of imaging approaches.

Molecular and Nonmolecular Imaging of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is a major cause of ischemic heart disease, and the increasing medical burden associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease has become a major public health concern worldwide. Macrophages play an important role in all stages of the dynamic progress of atherosclerosis, from its initiation and lesion expansion increasing the vulnerability of plaques, to the formation of unstable plaques and clinical manifestations. Early imaging can identify patients at risk of coronary atherosclerotic disease and its complications, enabling preventive measures to be initiated.

Fluoride-Triggered Self-Degradation of Poly(2,4-disubstitued 4-hydroxybutyric acid) Derivatives.

Self-immolative polymers are a special kind of degradable polymers that depolymerize into small molecules through a cascade of reactions upon stimuli-triggered cleavage of the polymer chain ends. This work reports the design and synthesis of a fluoride-triggered self-immolative polyester. A 2,4-disubstitued 4-hydroxy butyrate is first confirmed to quickly cyclize in solution to form a γ-butyrolactone derivative.